【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 g above board. Thisexpression was originally used in sailing ship times when secretive, dishonest ship39。sbusiness would be carried out below decks (below the boards) out of public the other hand, honest business was always conducted on deck (above the boards),in the open where everyone could see what was going on. Pipe down!, meaning Be quiet!, is anothermon expression that has nautical origins. The ship39。s boatswain (水手長) would blow a whistle, or pipe, at theend of the day to indicate (表明) to the sailors it was time to quieten down and go to sleep. Most native English speakers have heard the expression notenough room to swing a cat, but few know that the cat does notrefer to a small furry animal with four legs and a tail. The cat isactually a short form of cat of nine tails — a whip with nine, knotted(打結(jié)的) tails. A boatswain needed a lot of spacein order to swing the whip properly when lashing (鞭打) a poor sailor under his control!（1）The British have been strongly influenced by the sea because ________. A.they occupied more land around the worldB.they got more wealth from the seaC.they live on an island surrounded by the seaD.they had the largest navy ever（2）If someone is open and above board, it means he is ________. A.secretiveB.honestC.cheerfulD.dishonest（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.Sailors need to go to sleep when they hear a whistle.B.Sailors will be whipped if they do business below decks.C.A poor sailor may be whipped nine times a day.D.There is no spare room to raise cats on ships.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? A.The business on British sailing ships.B.The influence of British sailors39。 language on English.C.The sailing history of England.D.The sailing story of British sailors.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，英國作為一個(gè)島國，四周環(huán)海，海洋在英國人的生活中起著重要的作用。英國曾有著強(qiáng)大的海軍。一直以來，水手們經(jīng)常使用的一些航海術(shù)語豐富并影響著英語這門語言。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“They are surrounded by the sea, so it is not surprising that the sea has always played an important role in their lives.”可知，英國被海洋環(huán)繞，海對英國人的生活影響很大。故選C。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的“…people monly describe an honest and fair business deal as being “above board”可知，如果”一個(gè)誠實(shí)公正的人就會被認(rèn)為是39。above board39?！薄９蔬xB。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“The ship39。s boatswain (水手長) would blow a whistle, or pipe, at the end of the day to indicate (表明) to the sailors it was time to quieten down and go to sleep.”可知船上的水手長會在一天結(jié)束的時(shí)候吹口哨或吹笛子，向水手們表示應(yīng)該安靜下來睡覺了。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段介紹英國是一個(gè)受到海洋影響的國家，四周環(huán)海，航海在人們的生活中起著重要的作用。以此引入主題即水手們在航行時(shí)使用的一些航海術(shù)語對英語這門語言所產(chǎn)生的影響。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 It is monly believed that the earliest Chinese papercutsappeared during the sixth century. Some scholars believe it was even has it that during the Western Han Dynasty(206BCAD24), Emperor Wudi wasvery sad after one of his favorite concubines, Madame Li, died. A Taoistpriest, Li Shaoweng, cut a piece of hemp paper in the shape of Madame Li. Whenevening fell, the emperor39。s servants lit candles in his bedroom。 the reflectionof that papercut on the wall made the emperor think about his belovedconcubine. The Yuxian papercut is different from most papercutsproduced in other regions of China. Papercuts from other regions are mostlycut with scissors or knives from singlecolored paper, such as red or blackpaper. There are four major procedures to making the Yuxianpapercut: First, sketch the pattern on the draft paper。 second, fasten thedraft to the paper to be cut。 third, use a knife to carve out the pattern。 andfourth, dye (染色)the papercut with various colors. Precise cutting skills are needed to make a piece of theYuxian papercut, which highlights the craft maker39。s artistic taste and dyeingskills. That explains the following saying: The successful making of aYuxian papercut is 30 percent dependent on the maker39。s cutting skills, and 70percent on the maker39。s dyeing skills. The traditional Yuxian papercut highlights two themes:flowers and characters in Chinese operas. The papercut is particularly knownfor its vivid description of characters in various traditional Chinese October 2009, the art of Yuxian39。s papercut was added to the list ofIntangible Cultural Heritage (非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)) established by UNESCO (United NationsEducational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization).（1）The first paragraph is actually about___________. A.Emperor Wudi39。s favorite concubineB.the origins of Chinese papercutsC.the inventor of Chinese papercutD.one of the themes of Yuxian papercut（2）Which is the most important skill of making papercut? A.Drawing skill.B.Cutting skill.C.Dyeing skill.D.Carving skill（3）According to the passage, the Yuxian papercut is especially famous for its__________. A.lively images of characters in classic operasB.traditional Chinese operasC.Chinese cultural influence on operasD.advanced cutting techniques（4）What is the best title for the passage? A.The Earliest Chinese LegendB.The Yuxian Papercut SkillsC.Emperor Wudi39。s Sad StoryD.Chinese Yuxian Papercut【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中國蔚縣剪紙。（1）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段可知，介紹了中國剪紙的起源。故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“The successful making of a Yuxian papercut is 30 percent dependent on the maker39。s cutting skills, and 70 percent on the maker39。s dyeing skills.”蔚縣剪紙的成功制作30 %取決于制作人的切割技巧，70 %取決于制作人的染色技巧?？芍旧记蓪τ诩艏堊钪匾９蔬xC。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“The papercut is particularly kn