【文章內容簡介】 is always a waste of time to make plans about the future is human nature to make attempts on what looks impossible should always challenge the impossible to push the society forward has to use wisdom in deciding what is the best thing to do【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人類的大腦在20歲左右于巔峰，在以后的成就多數(shù)是因為需要豐富的經驗。除了頭腦敏銳和經驗豐富外，智慧也非常重要，因為智慧為人們提供了正確的努力方向。人們要用智慧來決定做什么才是最好的。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段“It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen, the number of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year. They simply die off. In certain types of activity, the human brain is at its highest point in the early twenties, ... and we know that Albert Einstein made all his worldshaking discoveries between the age of about 20 and 25, and spent the rest of his life tidying them up and arranging them.” 人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，16歲以后，我們的腦細胞數(shù)量開始以每年幾百萬的速度減少。在某些類型的活動中，人類的大腦在20歲早期處于巔峰狀態(tài),... 我們知道阿爾伯特愛因斯坦在20到25歲之間做出了所有震驚世界的發(fā)現(xiàn)。用余生來整理和安排這些發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)對愛因斯坦所的發(fā)現(xiàn)可知，他的偉大的發(fā)現(xiàn)是在2025歲之間，更是印證了人類大腦在20年代初達到了巔峰，可推斷出，本段主要研究人類大腦巔峰期，故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段“But in certain other types of activity (of which being an author is perhaps one), experience is more important than sharpness of brain, and there one usually finds that a person reaches his or her peak much later in life.”但在某些其他類型的活動中(作家可能是其中一種)，經驗比頭腦的敏捷更重要，人們通常會發(fā)現(xiàn)一個人在他一生的晚期才達到頂峰?？赏茢喑鲇行┤嗽谕砟耆〉贸晒κ且驗樗麄兊墓ぷ髦型枰芏嘟涷灐９蔬xA。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Besides sharpness of brain and experience, here is another thing that is very important, and that is wisdom.... Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible； and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature；how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react.”除了敏銳的頭腦和豐富的經驗外，還有一件事是非常重要的，那就是智慧。學習成為智者，要基本的了解什么是不可能的；學習有可能但又很困難的東西，以至于不值得一個人為了達到目的而付出所有的努力。最重要的是了解人性，了解真實的人是如何行為和反應的，以及人們希望他們如何行為和反應的。由此可推斷出智慧的重要性在于智慧能讓人知道什么可做，什么不能做，即為人提供正確的努力方向。故選D。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible；and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature；how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react. One can read and hear lot of idealistic stuff about how to make the world a better place, which would be found if it was based on an accurate observation of human nature,”成為智者，要大體上知道什么是不可能的。學習有可能但又如此困難的東西，以至于不值得一個人為了達到目的而付出所有的努力。最重要的是學習人性，了解真實的人是如何行為和反應的，以及人們希望他們如何行為和反應的。人們可以讀到和聽到很多關于如何使世界變得更美好的理想主義的東西.......由此可推斷出聰明的人必須運用智慧來決定最好要做什么事。故選D。 【點評】本題考點涉及推理判斷題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解 Imagine your clothing could release enough heat to keep you warm and cozy, allowing you to stay fortable in a cooler room. Or, picture a car windshield that stores the sun39。s energy and then releases it as heat to make the ice on the windshield disappear. According to a team of researchers at MIT, both cases may be possible before long, thanks to a new material that can store solar energy during the day and release it later as heat. This transparent polymer film could be applied to many different surfaces, such as window glass or clothing. Solar energy is only available about half the time we need it — during daylight. For the sun to bee a major power provider for human needs, there has to be an efficient way to save it up for use during nighttime and stormy days. Most such efforts have focused on storing and recovering solar energy in the form of electricity, but the new finding, by MlI professor Jeffrey Grossman, Postdoc David Zhitomirsky and graduate student Eugene Cho, could provide a highly efficient method for storing the sun39。s energy through a chemical reaction and releasing it later as heat. The key to enabling longterm, stable storage of solar heat, the team said, is to store it in the form of a chemical change rather than storing the heat itself. But heat will disappear over time no matter how good the material around it is, so the team set up a chemical storage system that can keep the energy in a stable molecular configuration. When exposed to sunlight, the molecules can stay that way for long periods Then, when triggered (觸發(fā))by a very specific temperature or something else, the molecules return to their original shape , giving off heat in the process. Such chemicallybased storage materials, known as Solar Thermal Fuels(STF), have been developed before. But those earlier efforts were designed to be used in liquid solutions and not able to make durable (耐用的) solidstate films. The new approach is the first based on a solidstate material, in this case a polymer, and the first based on inexpensive materials and widespread production technology.（1）What is the main purpose of Paragraph 1? show the main idea of the passage. practice readers39。 imagination. interest readers in the passage. introduce a new kind of material.（2）According to the passage, what can the polymer film do? can be made into window glass. can make necessary electricity. can store energy and release sunshine. can absorb sunshine and give off heat.（3）According to the passage, what is STF based on? chemical reaction. movement of heat. form of electricity. physical reaction.（4）What is the advantage of the molecular configuration? is less expensive. is very powerful. is easily available. is less changeable.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一種新型材料，它可以通過自身吸熱并儲存熱量，之后能夠根據(jù)需要釋放熱。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段“Imagine your clothing could release enough heat to keep you warm and cozy, allowing you to stay fortable in a cooler room. Or, picture a car windshield that stores the sun39。s energy and then releases it as heat to make the ice on the windshield disappear. ”想象一下你的衣服可以釋放足夠的熱量讓你溫暖和舒適，讓你可以在冰冷的房間里保持舒適?；蛘撸傧胂笠幌萝嚨膿躏L玻璃可以儲存太陽的能量，然后釋放熱量使擋風玻璃上的冰消失)可推測，本段以衣服和騎車擋風玻璃為例，提到了如果衣服能夠吸熱和放熱、汽車的擋風玻璃能夠吸熱和自動除冰那該是多么好的事，以此來吸引對著對本文的興趣。故選C。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“thanks to a new material that can store solar energy during the day and release it later as heat. This transparent polymer film could be applied to many different surfaces, such as window glass or clothing. ”多虧了這種能在白天吸熱之后