【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 know how to assess their abilities realistically（2）We can infer from the passage that those highscoring students how to cultivate clear logic and proper grammar to be very petent in their highscoring fields39。t view themselves as petent because they know their limits39。t know how well they perform due to their strict selfjudgement（3）The strategies of being special suggest that . need internal honesty with ourselves and external honesty from others best way to get better is to carefully study past success and failure parison with others, one will know where and when he fails parents nor a mencement speaker can tell whether one is special（4）Which can be the best title of this passage? On Making Ourselves More Special39。s Admit That We Are Not That Special or Not? Teach Kids To Figure It Out The Truth: Kids Overestimate their Talents【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，是特殊或者不是？我們要教會(huì)孩子理解它。作者認(rèn)為真正的問題是年輕人不知道如何現(xiàn)實(shí)地評(píng)估自己的能力。想要變得特別，我們需要對(duì)自己誠實(shí)和他人對(duì)我們的誠實(shí)。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“But lost in the uproar （喧囂）was something we really should be taking to heart: our young people actually have no idea whether they39。re particularly talented or acplished or not. In our eagerness to elevate their selfesteem, we forgot to teach them how to realistically assess their own abilities”,可知作者認(rèn)為人們應(yīng)該在喧囂之后記?。含F(xiàn)在的年輕人不知道他們究竟有沒有天賦，其根本原因是他們不知道如何實(shí)際地評(píng)估自己的能力。故選D。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“suffer from a “dual burden: they39。re not good at what they do, and their very clumsiness prevents them from recognizing how bad they are.”得低分的學(xué)生遭受著雙重負(fù)擔(dān)，即他們不擅長自己所做的，并且他們的笨拙讓他們無法意識(shí)到自己有多差。由此可推斷，得高分的學(xué)生擅長自己所作的。故選B。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“First, we can learn to make honest parisons with others. 和Find a critic who will tell you not only how poorly you39。re doing, but just what it is that you39。re doing wrong.”可知我們要學(xué)會(huì)誠實(shí)地將自己和他人進(jìn)行比較，也需要一個(gè)人將我們做的不好的，以及做錯(cuò)了什么如實(shí)相告。由此可推測(cè)變得特別的策略表明我們需要對(duì)自己誠實(shí)，也需要?jiǎng)e人對(duì)我們誠實(shí)。故選A。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段“If we adopt these strategies — and most importantly, teach them to our children — they won39。t need parents, or a mencement (畢業(yè)典禮)speaker, to tell them that they39。re special. They39。ll already know that they are, or have a plan to get that way.”可知教會(huì)了孩子文中提到的策略，孩子就可以知道他們自己是否特別，或者已經(jīng)在變得特別的路上。故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解 Limiting kids39。 recreational(消遣的) screen time to less than two hours a day, along with enough sleep and physical activity, is associated with improved cognition(認(rèn)知), according to a study published in The Lancet Child amp。 Adolescent Health. The study included about 4,500 US children aged 8 to 11 and measured their habits against the Canadian 24Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth. It found that 51% of the children got the remended(建議) nine to eleven hours of uninterrupted sleep per night, 37% met the recreational screen time limit of two hours or less per day, while 18% met the physical activity remendation of at least 60 minutes of accumulated physical activity a day. Only 5% of the children in the study met all three remendations。 30% met none at all. The researchers found that as each remendation was met by a participant, there was a positive association with global cognition, which includes memory, attention, processing speed and language. Those who met all three had the most superior global cognition, followed by those meeting the sleep and screen time remendation and finally the screen time remendation alone, according to the study. Other organizations, such as the American Academy of Pediatrics have guidelines in place to help with the management of children39。s screen time. The organization suggests putting realistic rules or limits in place for how long your children are on their screens, knowing who they are talking to and what they are doing. The amount of remended screen time depends on the age of the child. Besides, parents should also make sure to encourage physical activity and have bedroom rules such as creating techfree zones.（1）Who are the target readers of this passage? ....（2）What is the main idea of this passage? study on children39。s screen time is published. US children fail to meet movement guidelines. are concerned about children39。s cognition. on children39。s screen time is linked to better cognition.（3）According to the passage, which of the following might contribute least to cognition? screen time limit. hours. physical activity time. hours and the screen time limit.（4）Why does the American organization suggest creating techfree zones? make sure children have enough physical playtime. make sure children have enough sleep time. make sure children have recreational time. protect children against radiation.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，建議父母?jìng)円押⒆拥钠聊幌矔r(shí)間限制在2小時(shí)之內(nèi)、保證孩子有足夠的睡眠和鍛煉，因?yàn)檫@樣做可以讓孩子有更好的認(rèn)知能力。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Limiting kids39。 recreational(消遣的) screen time to less than two hours a day, along with enough sleep and physical activity, is associated with improved cognition(認(rèn)知), according to a study published in The Lancet Child amp。 Adolescent Health.”可知，本文主要建議父母?jìng)円押⒆拥钠聊幌矔r(shí)間限制在2小時(shí)之內(nèi)、保證孩子有足夠的睡眠和鍛煉，這樣做可以讓孩子有更好的認(rèn)知能力。所以本文的目標(biāo)讀者是父母?jìng)?，而不是研究人員、老師或兒童。故選C。 （2）考查主旨大意。本文主要建議父母?jìng)円押⒆拥钠聊幌矔r(shí)間限制在2小時(shí)之內(nèi)、保證孩子有足夠的睡眠和鍛煉。根據(jù)第三段中的“Those who met all three had the most 39。superior39。 global cognition…”告訴父母?jìng)內(nèi)绻麄冞@樣做可以讓孩子有更好的認(rèn)知能力。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Those who met all three had the most 39。superior39。 global cognition, followed by those meeting the sleep and screen time remendation and finally the screen time remendation alone, according to the study.”可知，滿足三個(gè)要求的人認(rèn)知能力最好，接下來是滿足睡眠時(shí)間以及屏幕消遣限制時(shí)間，最后是滿足屏幕消遣限制時(shí)間。據(jù)此推斷，體育鍛煉對(duì)認(rèn)知能力影響最小。故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Besides, parents should also make sure to encourage physical activity and have bedroom rules such as creating 39。techfree zones39。.”可知,the American Academy of Pediatrics建議父母?jìng)兘o孩子設(shè)立睡眠規(guī)則，例如“techfree z