【正文】 9。The makers of Sugarette Candy Drinks point to research showing that of the five countries where Sugarette drinks sell the most units, three of them are in the top ten healthiest countries on Earth, therefore Sugarette drinks are healthy.第二十四條：中間立場24. middle groundYou claimed that a promise, or middle point, between two extremes must be the truth.Much of the time the truth does indeed lie between two extreme points, but this can bias our thinking: sometimes a thing is simply untrue and a promise of it is also untrue. Half way between truth and a lie, is still a lie.Example:t make something good or bad. For instance murder could be seen as very natural, but that doesn39。s argument look bad, without actually presenting a case for why the argument itself lacks merit.Example:Not able to defend his position that evolution 39。When the judge asked the defendant why he hadn39。you too39。 thus pirates cool the world and global warming is a hoax.第三條：訴諸感情3. appeal to emotionYou attempted to manipulate an emotional response in place of a valid or pelling argument.Appeals to emotion include appeals to fear, envy, hatred, pity, pride, and more. It39。s important to note that this fallacy should not be used to dismiss the claims of experts, or scientific consensus. Appeals to authority are not valid arguments, but nor is it reasonable to disregard the claims of experts who have a demonstrated depth of knowledge unless one has a similar level of understanding and/or access to empirical evidence. However it is, entirely possible that the opinion of a person or institution of authority is wrong。ll walk all over you.4. We39?！　?(Red Herring)　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：前提條件中就有相互矛盾的地方，結(jié)論當(dāng)然是錯(cuò)誤的。t pull their weight in government work.　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：雖然女性確實(shí)在政界擔(dān)任較少工作，但這不意味著女性群體中所有的人都是這樣。　　例如：Many people say we need to exploit the outer space, a point which I believe is wrong, because there are so many poor people on Earth who hardly make ends meet.ve got to stop them from banning pornography. Once they start banning one form of literature, they will never stop. Next thing you know, they will be burning all the books!11. appeal to emotionYou attempted to manipulate an emotional response in place of a valid or pelling argument.Appeals to emotion include appeals to fear, envy, hatred, pity, pride, and more. It39。 therefore the authority that such a person or institution holds does not have any intrinsic bearing upon whether their claims are true or not.Example:s important to note that sometimes a logically coherent argument may inspire emotion or have an emotional aspect, but the problem and fallacy occurs when emotion is used instead of a logical argument, or to obscure the fact that no pelling rational reason exists for one39。 this fallacy is also known as the appeal to hypocrisy. It is monly employed as an effective red herring because it takes the heat off someone having to defend their argument, and instead shifts the focus back on to the person making the criticism.Example:t paid his parking fines, he said that he shouldn39。isn39。Accused on the 6 o39。t mean it39。Holly said that vaccinations caused autism in children, but her scientifically wellread friend Caleb said that this claim had been debunked and proven false. Their friend Alice offered a promise that vaccinations must cause some autism, just not all autism.。The medicine man rolled into town on his bandwagon offering various natural remedies, such as very special plain water. He said that it was only natural that people should be wary of 39。t allow for the many different variables, conditions, and contexts in which there would exist more than just the two possibilities put forth. It frames the argument misleadingly and obscures rational, honest debate.Example: Bob says that he knows a scientist who also questions evolution (and presumably isn39。Fine for parking here39。s probably not true.Complex subjects like biological evolution through natural selection require some amount of understanding before one is able to make an informed judgement about the subject at hand。re ultimately flawed, dishonest, and tend to make one39。isn39。s position. Everyone, bar sociopaths, is affected by emotion, and so appeals to emotion are a very mon and effective argument tactic, but they39。　　例如：Think of all the poor, starving African children! How could rich countries be so cruel as not to help them?　　 (Hasty Generalization)　　 (Dicto Simpliciter)　　例如：If God can do everything, can he make a stone so heavy that he can39?！　↑c(diǎn)評(píng)：因?yàn)殡娨曇呀?jīng)被發(fā)明了，對(duì)于過去的否定假設(shè)后所得出的結(jié)論都是邏輯上的錯(cuò)誤結(jié)論。ll be charging $40,000 a semester!2. The US s