【正文】 , oxides etc Hydrogen bond and electrovalent bond (4) Van Der Waals force – interactions between polar amp。 solubility in bath. (a) R?, surface activity?。 ? Detergency (洗滌作用 ) – this term, when applied to a surfactants, means the special property it has of enhancing the cleaning power of a liquid. ? Detergency – a bination of effects involving adsorption at interface, alteration of interfacial tension, solubilization, emulsification, and the formation and dissipation of surface charges。 , ?BOCos? 0, R 0, force imbalance, rollup and ??, ?? 90176。 . anionics: only S/B,O/B ? By mechanism work (作功卷離 )90176。 1. Introduction ? Cleaning process is a very plex process。 Complete removal of oil droplets from substrate Rupture and inplete removal of large oil droplets from substrate (2) Removal of solid soil (A) Mechanism (a) Liquefiable (可液化 ) soil – rollup (b) Particulate soil ? Wetting of the substrate and the soil particles by the bath ? Spreading coefficient particles SB/P=?PV ?PB ?BV 0 substrates SB/S=?SV ?SB ?BV 0 ? Additive pressure – gap capillary (間隙毛細(xì)管 ) ?P = ?LVCos?/R ? Adhesion of solid soil WSP= ?SB+ ?PB ?SP 0 (B) Potential curve DLVO theory V=VA+VR A state – adsorbed state B state – transition state C state – separating state Esoil removal energy barrier of soil removal Eresoiling energy barrier of resoiling 4. Suspension(懸浮作用 ) of the so