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“Sometimes language stays static and sometimes language stays active. When language is active, it is beneficial to translation” “This would require this kind of intimate understanding, on the part of the translator, of its genius, its idiosyncrasies, its past and present, what it can do and what it choose not to do.” (Wang, 1991:94). Wang expresses the difficulties of verse translation. Frost’s ment is sufficient to prove the difficulty a translator has to grapple with. Maybe among literary translations, the translation of poems is the most difficult thing. Poems are the crystallization of wisdom. The difficulties of poetic prehension lie not only in lines, but also in structure, such as cadence, rhyme, metre, rhythm, all these conveying information. One point merits our attention. Wang not only talks about the times’ poetic art, but also the impact language’s activity has produced on translation. In times when the language is active, translation is prospering. The reform of poetic art has improved the translation quality of poems. For example, around May Fourth Movement, Baihua replaced classical style of writing, so the translation achieved earthshaking success. The relation between the state of language and translation is so 。cm34547020////施焊要求1. 焊前將待焊區(qū)域及附近20mm范圍內(nèi)的水分、油污及贓物去除干凈。 ?、胚m當(dāng)提高電弧電壓或減小焊接電流,以加寬焊道而減小熔深; ?、七m當(dāng)?shù)靥顫M弧坑并采用衰減措施減小冷卻速度; ⑶保證焊絲與母材合理匹配; ?、冗x擇合適的焊接參數(shù)、焊接順序,適當(dāng)增加焊接速度,需要預(yù)熱的要采取預(yù)熱措施。(4)焊機(jī)使用前應(yīng)檢查供氣、供水系統(tǒng),不得在漏水、漏氣的情況下運(yùn)行。當(dāng)焊件或焊絲表面存在油污等雜質(zhì)時(shí),焊接過程中就可能將雜質(zhì)帶入焊接熔池,從而形成焊接缺陷。奧氏體不銹鋼熱導(dǎo)率小,熱量不易消失,一般焊接所需的熱輸入比碳鋼低20%~30%。因?yàn)榱W(xué)性能并不完全取決于化學(xué)成分,它還與母材所處的組織狀態(tài)有很大的關(guān)系。1:手工電弧焊:: 母材材料為1Cr18Ni9Ti,屬于奧氏體不銹鋼。但焊工的操作技術(shù)水平對(duì)手工電弧焊質(zhì)量影響很大,因此焊工必須接受嚴(yán)格培訓(xùn),方能從事此種焊接工作。 3)能進(jìn)行全位置焊接適合焊接多種材料。: 作為儲(chǔ)氣壓容器的要考慮抗爆問題,也就是強(qiáng)度問題,應(yīng)控制焊縫成型和裂紋問題。然而,在采用這些類型的焊條時(shí),需要特別小心,因?yàn)樗酗w濺都具有軟鋼性質(zhì),在使用過程中焊縫會(huì)銹蝕。 工作原理 1)手工電弧焊:手工電弧焊屬于焊接方法中熔化焊的一種,是將兩個(gè)分離的金屬,在接頭處局部加熱或加壓,或者加熱時(shí)同時(shí)又加壓、熔化、冷卻后凝固成一個(gè)牢固的整體。裂紋將使結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度降低,甚至引起整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的忽然破壞,因此是完全不答應(yīng)的。4) 低溫脆化為了滿足低溫韌性要求,焊縫組織希望是單一相,成為完全面心立方結(jié)構(gòu),盡量避免相的出現(xiàn)。前面分析,用手工電弧焊和MIG焊進(jìn)行焊接時(shí),所選焊絲為H0Cr21Ni10,焊劑為HJ260。焊接工藝方法選定后,即可按照鋼材、板厚和對(duì)接性能的要求,選擇適用的焊劑和焊絲的牌號(hào)。大電流MIG焊時(shí),應(yīng)該用更大直徑的噴嘴,更大的保護(hù)氣體流量?! ?. 產(chǎn)生原因 ?、藕附右?guī)范選擇不當(dāng); ?、坪笜尳嵌炔徽_; ?、呛腹げ僮鞑皇炀殻弧 、葘?dǎo)電嘴孔徑太大; ?、珊附与娀]有嚴(yán)格對(duì)準(zhǔn)坡口中心; ⑹焊絲、焊件及保護(hù)氣體中含有水分; 2. 防止措施 ?、欧磸?fù)調(diào)試選擇合適的焊接規(guī)范; ?、票3趾笜尯线m的傾角; ?、羌訌?qiáng)焊工技能培訓(xùn); ?、冗x擇合適的導(dǎo)電嘴徑; ?、闪η笫购附与娀∨c坡口嚴(yán)格對(duì)中; ?、屎盖白屑?xì)清理焊絲、焊件;保證保護(hù)氣體的純度。 六、未熔合 ?、藕附硬课谎趸せ蜾P未清除干凈; ?、茻彷斎氩蛔悖弧 、呛附硬僮骷夹g(shù)不當(dāng)。5. 層間溫度控制在150℃以內(nèi)。 焊道層數(shù):雙層單焊道編制 李雪銀日期 校對(duì)日期審核日期附錄4焊接工藝評(píng)定報(bào)告2編號(hào)0910411502 工藝評(píng)定編號(hào)0910411502產(chǎn)品零部件名稱:液化氣干燥器環(huán)焊縫的焊接焊接方法: 手工電弧焊母材牌號(hào) 1Cr18Ni9Ti規(guī)格 20mm接頭形式焊接層焊前準(zhǔn)備。編制 李雪銀日期 校對(duì)日期審核日期附錄2焊接工藝指導(dǎo)書編號(hào)0910411502 工藝評(píng)定編號(hào)0910411502評(píng)定項(xiàng)目: 液化氣干燥器的焊接焊接方法 : 手工電弧焊 自動(dòng)等級(jí): 非自動(dòng) 焊接位置: 卷筒縱焊縫母材: 牌號(hào) 1Cr18Ni9Ti 規(guī)格 壁厚20mm焊接材料: 焊絲牌號(hào) H0Cr21Ni10 規(guī)格5mm接頭形式焊接層焊接接頭的力學(xué)性能σs/Mpaσb/Mpaδ(%)彎曲角度(d=3a沖擊實(shí)驗(yàn)缺口形式實(shí)驗(yàn)溫度/℃Akv/J 四、燒穿 ?、艧彷斎肓窟^大; ?、破驴诩庸げ划?dāng),焊件裝配間隙過大; ?、屈c(diǎn)固焊時(shí)焊點(diǎn)間距過大,焊接過程中產(chǎn)生較大的變形量; 操作姿勢(shì)不正確?! 。?)夾渣:接頭清理不良、焊接電流過小,運(yùn)條不適和多層焊時(shí)前道焊縫的熔渣未清除干凈等易產(chǎn)生夾渣。在根據(jù)焊接電流匹