【正文】 來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)讓保險(xiǎn)政策是不明智的 。 沒有監(jiān)護(hù)權(quán) 的父母不能作為托管人。如果托管人有一項(xiàng)特殊的技能或?qū)ｉT知 識(shí)，那么他將被要求運(yùn)用之。 而非規(guī)定 有義務(wù)移交保管的財(cái)產(chǎn)，烏特馬應(yīng)進(jìn)行修改 使 未成年人達(dá)到必要的年齡 時(shí)，將所有權(quán)以及人身保險(xiǎn)單的占有權(quán)自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)交給未成年人。 但是直到烏特馬被修改，律師處理離婚和子女撫養(yǎng)權(quán)訴訟 時(shí) 應(yīng)當(dāng)詢問(wèn)未成年人 是否為 烏特馬 法規(guī)下 的物主 或者壽險(xiǎn)受益人，如果是這樣，確保 在保單中列的托管人會(huì)保護(hù)未成年人的最大利益 ，并在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候轉(zhuǎn)讓 保單 或收益。如果未成年人是唯一的受益人，財(cái)產(chǎn)監(jiān)護(hù)人或許會(huì)投資或在保單上投入很多保費(fèi)。 在 estra 訴 estra 案中，根據(jù)康涅狄格州 烏特馬法規(guī) ，一位母親為其女兒創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)投資賬戶，并作為其托管人管理這些資產(chǎn)。 這就 要求托管人聯(lián)絡(luò) 合適的 保險(xiǎn)公司，并完成必要的形式。此外，職業(yè)家庭法的律師應(yīng)當(dāng)注意烏 特馬法規(guī)下的托管人通過(guò)不在適當(dāng)時(shí)候轉(zhuǎn)交財(cái)產(chǎn)來(lái)濫用或違反其義務(wù)事實(shí)發(fā)生的潛在性。 20 of the UTMA would be to add the following wording: To the extent the custodial property is a life insurance policy, no conveyance or delivery to the minor or to the minor’s estate is necessary to terminate the powers or rights of the custodian upon the minor’s attainment of the statutory age, or upon the minor’s death. Until such an exception is made, insurance panies should continue to require cus todians to plete transfer of ownership forms upon minors attaining the statutory age. Further, attorneys practicing family law should be aware of the potential for custodians under UTMA to abuse or violate their dutiesby failing to transfer UTMA property at the appropriate involved with divorceor child custody proceedings would do well to inquire whether any UTMA property exists and if so to ensure that the named custodian is reliable and willing to protect the best interests of the minor. If there is any doubt about a custodian’s willingness to properly exercise his or her duties, an attorney should consider taking preventative steps by having the custodian removed and a succes sor custodian named. 14 CONCLUSION The UTMA can be an effective way for people to transfer property to minors. Nevertheless, life insurance policies require a custodian to plete a misleading transfer of ownership form to transfer possession of intangible personal property rights to a minorturned adult. This forces minors to face the possibility of having to bring a lawsuit against custodians to pel them to transfer possession, which threatens minors with the additional possibility of losing their right to possession entirely by failing to bring an action within the statute of limitations. Furthermore, insurance panies could easily record the termination date of a custodian’s authority over an insurance policy. Given the underlying purpose of the UTMA to promote the safe transfer and possession of property to minors, the UTMA should be modified to allow an exception for possessory interests in insurance policies to be automatically transferred from custodians to minors upon minors attaining the requisite statutory age. Until the UTMA is modified, family law attorneys involved in divorce and child custody proceedings should be vigilant and ascertain whether UTMA property exists and if so ensure that a suitable person is named as custodian. 。如果 發(fā)生 任何關(guān)于托管人愿意適當(dāng)?shù)匦惺蛊渎氊?zé) 的 疑問(wèn) ，律師應(yīng)該通過(guò)撤換和任命新的托管人等方式來(lái)采取防范措施。如果剛成年的人在管轄范圍的實(shí)效內(nèi)未能成功的采取措施來(lái)反對(duì)托管人，那么他們可能一并失去這個(gè)政策的占有權(quán)。法院根據(jù) 烏特馬法規(guī) ，托管人有義務(wù)在未成年人達(dá)到法定年4 齡時(shí)將其占有的財(cái)產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移給該未成年人，但這種交付不是自動(dòng)完成的?！薄皯?yīng)當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)交”一詞表明，在烏特馬法規(guī)下被轉(zhuǎn)讓保單的財(cái)產(chǎn)監(jiān)護(hù)人有肯定得義務(wù)將保單所有和控制權(quán)在未成年人達(dá)到規(guī)定的年齡是轉(zhuǎn)交。這可以 通過(guò) 托管人辭職 或任命 后繼者托管人或通過(guò)訴請(qǐng)法院 來(lái) 完成 。 家庭 法律師應(yīng)該詢問(wèn) 烏特馬法規(guī)下 物產(chǎn)是否存在 烏特馬法規(guī) 要求一旦未成年人達(dá)到要求年齡 , 托管人肯定地把監(jiān)護(hù)的財(cái)產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移 到未成年人。所以，一個(gè)財(cái)產(chǎn)監(jiān)護(hù)人也許應(yīng)該確切的表述為，代表未成年人利益而擁有保單財(cái)產(chǎn)性利益，而非擁有真正的所有權(quán)或所有權(quán)利益。但法院認(rèn)定托管人沒有將所有權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)移不會(huì)影響到未成年女子對(duì)于股份的訴訟請(qǐng)求權(quán)。第二， 沒能成功地促使托管人去完成所有制形式轉(zhuǎn)讓的剛成年的人必須 要 付 昂貴的訴訟 費(fèi) 。 建議 對(duì) 烏特馬 法規(guī) 進(jìn)行 修改 為了保護(hù)未成年人的最佳利益，并為參與的所有團(tuán)體得到更權(quán)益的商業(yè)行為，應(yīng)該做個(gè)在烏特馬法規(guī)下托管人責(zé)任下做出轉(zhuǎn)讓財(cái)產(chǎn)的例外，在未成年人達(dá)到必要的年齡后，自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)讓保險(xiǎn)政策所有權(quán)應(yīng)該獲得準(zhǔn)許。 or an insurance pany may be unable to reach the custodian or minorturned adult due to outdated contact information. Second, a minorturned adult who is unsuccessful in getting a custodian to plete a transfer of ownership form may have to resort to costly litigation. Given the generally small death benefit amount of policies under the UTMA, it may not be cost effective for the minorturned adult to bring an action against the custodian to force the custodian to transfer possession or “ownership” of the policy. Third, requiring a custodian to plete a transfer of ownership form to transfer an insurance policy is inexpedient for custodians, minors, and insurance panies. It requires custodians to contact the proper insurance pany and plete the necessary form. It places a burden on minorsturned adults to contact and force uncooperative custodians to plete transfer of ownership forms if they forget or 12 refuse to plete the forms, whether by litigation or otherwi