【正文】 sted parties and other participants. The core of the public trial is the conducting of trial activities, which are prised of presenting public prosecution bill and defense statement, questioning witnesses, verifying evidence and making last statement in courts. There are two requirements for the public trial in form: First, information shall be made public in advance including the name of the case, the criminal offense charged, the identity of the accused, the time and place of the court trial and the position of the court members。 The improvement of the public hearing of death penalty cases is necessary for the fair and public trial. A fair and public trial is conducive to the improvement of the overall criminal procedure system, to the further improvement of China’s legal system construction, to the implementation of provisions on safeguarding human rights in China’s constitution, and to the implementation of the international human rights and criminal justice standard. 。 pilation of cases has not been systemized in China, and the pilation is not structured and can not pletely reflect death penalty cases. With the popularization of the inter, publishing the judgment of death cases in the inter can avoid the disadvantages of the traditional modes mentioned above. any individuals shall be allowed to visit the court on the hearing and journalists shall be allowed to report the hearing. Participation in the public trial shall not be limited to certain types of people。 3，結(jié)論 各國(guó)應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)不同的國(guó)情來(lái)做不同的決定。在新聞上發(fā)表死刑案并不是一種正式的公開(kāi)方式，因?yàn)檫@通常是從新聞的角度選擇性的發(fā)表一 些案子，而且是節(jié)選部分宣判；在中國(guó)，對(duì)于案子的編輯并非是系統(tǒng)化的，沒(méi)有固定結(jié)構(gòu)，并不能完整地反映死刑案。對(duì)于被告人未委托辯護(hù)人的，告知被告人可以委托辯護(hù)人，或者在必要的時(shí)候指定承擔(dān)法律援助義務(wù)的律師 為其提供辯護(hù)； （三）將開(kāi)庭的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)在開(kāi)庭三日以前通知人民檢察院； （四）傳喚當(dāng)事人，通知辯護(hù)人、訴訟代理人、證人、鑒定人和翻譯人員，傳票和通知書至遲在開(kāi)庭三日以前送達(dá)； （五）公開(kāi)審判的案件，在開(kāi)庭三日以前先期公布案由、被告人姓名、開(kāi)庭時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。當(dāng)然，這只是一種考慮，取決于公眾是否想要保留死刑。在形式上，公開(kāi)審判有兩個(gè)要求：首先，包括案件名稱、起訴罪名、被告人身份、法庭審判的時(shí)間地點(diǎn)和出庭人員在內(nèi)的信息必須提前公布；其次，必須為公眾的旁聽(tīng)提供足夠的便利，任何人都應(yīng)當(dāng)被允許參加旁聽(tīng)，而記者也應(yīng)被允許對(duì)審判進(jìn)行報(bào)道。公眾聽(tīng)證制包括公開(kāi)審判和公開(kāi)宣判，兩者都包括幾個(gè)方面。 現(xiàn)今世界上一些國(guó)家沒(méi)有公布死刑的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。對(duì)宣判和死刑執(zhí)行的公布使案件受害者及其家人好友知道司法的公正并且罪犯已經(jīng)唄懲治；使公眾了解個(gè)案的執(zhí)行和國(guó)家死刑政策的總體情況；并且向那些想要犯罪的人現(xiàn)實(shí)法律的力量，促使他們停止犯罪。 ，公開(kāi)宣判的模式 起訴議案和死刑案宣判的透明度，尤其是宣判依據(jù)和所應(yīng)用的法律，不僅反映了公眾對(duì)被告人的看法，對(duì)法律的傳播和教育也起到了很大的作用。這意味著法律制定者認(rèn)為死刑 復(fù)核程序是審判程序的一部分。 people can only put forward their opinions after knowing about the truth, and then can the government know the true will of the people. There is an obvious inconsistency when a state invokes the public opinions on one hand。 In death penalty cases the accused, his relatives and friends, and the general public pay more attention to the trial, hence the information disclosed shall be more detailed, including the basic information of the death row prisoner, the details of the case, and the grounds and reasons for the judgment. Except for individual cases, the total number, the mutation and the execution of death penalty cases of the nation and each local area shall be disclosed so that the public can understand state death penalty policy and various reasons for the fair management of cases. 為了公正和公開(kāi)審判，死刑公眾聽(tīng)證制的完善是必要的。國(guó)外死刑案件的二審?fù)ǔ２惶幚硎聦?shí)問(wèn)題，而是法律問(wèn)題，尤其是程序和證據(jù)的收集是否合法。例如，法庭容量是有限制的，也許人們?cè)谂月?tīng)死刑案件的時(shí)候只能沒(méi)有座位，這顯然會(huì)印象公眾聽(tīng)證制的效果。當(dāng)政府一方面援引公眾意見(jiàn)，而另一方面卻故意向公眾隱瞞死刑作用的相關(guān)信息，這便自相矛盾了。被告人有權(quán)接到宣判文件，且被告人不能放棄或拒絕國(guó)家司法部門將案件結(jié)果公之于眾。死刑案的公眾聽(tīng)證制在維護(hù)司法公正性和保障人的權(quán)利有著重大的意義，并且早已獲得國(guó)內(nèi)外 的關(guān)注。在一些西方國(guó)家，普通刑事案件的被告可以放棄審判的權(quán)利，然而在死刑案件中，即使被告人有自證其罪的意愿，公開(kāi)審判仍是不可避免的。例如，依據(jù)法律，一個(gè)被判死刑的罪犯的罪行應(yīng)當(dāng)有更高一級(jí)的法庭進(jìn)行復(fù)核，或應(yīng)當(dāng)擁有尋求赦免或減刑的權(quán)利。所以，庭審記錄的公開(kāi)取決于判斷，志向那些有需要的人員公開(kāi)。在回收死刑復(fù)核權(quán)之后，最高院發(fā)布文件統(tǒng)一死刑復(fù)核程序。 and show some people who are likely to mit crimes the power and force of laws thus deterring serious of the Relevant Issues over Public Hearing in Death Penalty Cases in China Public hearing is the basic principle of China’s criminal justice system. Article 125 of China’s Constitution provides that “except in special circumstances as specified by law, all cases in the courts are heard in public.” Article 11 of China’s Criminal Law provides that “cases in the courts shall be heard in public, unless otherwise provided by this Law”. (4) to summon the parties and notify the defenders, agents ad litem, witnesses, expert witnesses and interpreters, and deliver the summons and notices no later than three days before the opening of the court session。 Open Court Records and Other Documents After all, only a limited n