【正文】 ，現(xiàn)均已批量生產(chǎn)，并成為行業(yè)的主導產(chǎn)品。 閥組合－ －板式閥裝在立板上，板后管連接，與集成塊功能相同。對液壓油實行方向、壓力和流量調(diào)節(jié)。為此，原一機部于 1982 年組建了通用基礎件工業(yè)局，將原有分散在機床、農(nóng)業(yè)機械、工程機械等行業(yè)歸口的液壓、氣動和密 封件專業(yè)廠，統(tǒng)一劃歸通用基礎件局管理，從而使該行業(yè)在規(guī)劃、投資、引進技術和科研開發(fā)等方面得到基礎件局的指導和支持。據(jù)中國液壓氣動密封件工業(yè)協(xié)會 1998 年年報統(tǒng)計，液壓產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)銷率為 97 .5%（液力為 101%），氣動為 %，密封為 %。為了為了避免電流不平衡導致破壞原有的安全性，控制器之間的數(shù)據(jù)信號需通過信號隔離器，可以實現(xiàn)電氣信息的通斷連接。 Pneumatic industry output 419 million yuan, accounting for world No. 10. the current supply and demand profiles Through the introduction of technology, independent development and technological innovation, and highpressure piston pump, gear pumps, vane pump, General Motors hydraulic valves, tanks, Nonlubricated aerodynamic pieces and various seals of the first large technology products has increased 外文資料翻譯 5 noticeably. stability of the mass production may, for various mainframe products provide a level of assurance. In addition, hydraulic and pneumatic ponents of the CAD system, pollution control, proportional servo technology has scored some achievements, and is already in production. Currently, hydraulic, pneumatic and seals products total about 3,000 species, more than 23,000 specifications. Among them, there are 1,200 hydraulic varieties, more than 10,000 specifications (including hydraulic products 60 varieties 500 specifications)。s market place . Overall capacity, is already in oversupply situation, in particular the general low level of hydraulic, pneumatic and seals, the general oversupply。s annual output of hydraulic ponents have nearly 200,000 in 1973, machine tools, agricultural machinery, mechanical engineering industries, the production of hydraulic parts factory has been the professional development of more than 100 and an annual output more than one million. an independent hydraulic manufacturing industry has begun to take shape. Then, hydraulic pieces of fake products from the Soviet Union for the introduction of the product development and technical design bining the products to the pressure, Hypertension, and the development of the electrohydraulic servo valves and systems, hydraulic application areas further expanded. Aerodynamic than the start of the industrial hydraulic years later, in 外文資料翻譯 3 1967 began to establish professional pneumatic ponents factory, Pneumatic Components only as modity production and sales. Sealed with rubber and plastics, mechanical seals and sealing flexible graphite sealing industry, the early 1950s from the production ordinary Orings. rubber and plastics extrusion, such as oil seal sealing and seal asbestos products start to the early 1960s, begun production of mechanical seals and flexible graphite sealing products. 1970s, the burning of the former Ministry, a Ministry, the Ministry of Agricultural Mechanization System, a group of professional production plants have been established, and the official establishment of industries to seal industrial development has laid the foundation for growth. Since the 1980s, in the country39?，F(xiàn)場總線地下工作時需要特殊處理。另外，在液壓氣動元件和系統(tǒng)的 CAD、污染控制、比例伺服技術等方面也取得一定成果，并已用于生產(chǎn)。氣動工業(yè)的起步比液壓稍晚幾年，到 1967 年開始建立氣動元件專業(yè)廠，氣動元件才作為商品生產(chǎn)和銷售。 用戶購后只要將液壓站與主機上的執(zhí)行機構（油缸或油馬達）用油管相連，液壓機械即可實現(xiàn)各種規(guī)定的動作和工作循環(huán)。 液壓站的工作原理：電機帶動油泵轉(zhuǎn)動，泵從油箱中吸油供油，將機械能轉(zhuǎn)化為液壓站的壓力能，液壓油通過集成塊（或閥組合）實現(xiàn)了方向、壓力、流量調(diào)節(jié)后經(jīng)外接管路并至液壓機械的油缸或油馬達中，從而控制液動機方向的變換、力量的大小及速度的快慢，推動各種液壓機械做功。隨著國家進一步開放，三資企業(yè)迅速發(fā)展，對提高行業(yè)水平和擴大出口起著重要作用。據(jù)海關統(tǒng)計及有關資料分析， 1998 年液壓、氣動和密封件產(chǎn)品的進口額約 2 億美元，其中液壓約 億美元，氣動近 億美元，密封約 億美元，比 1997 年稍有下降。因此， “十五 ”期間行業(yè)產(chǎn)值的增長，決不能依賴于量的增長，而應針對行業(yè)自身的結(jié)構性矛盾，加大力度，調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構和產(chǎn)品結(jié)構，也就是應依靠質(zhì)的提高，促進產(chǎn)品技術升級，以適應和拉動市場需求，求得更