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issue常用替換詞(專業(yè)版)

  

【正文】 pulsory education 強(qiáng)制教育、義務(wù)教育selective,pulsory military service,minors 未成年人adolescence,teenager/teen,youth,youngster immature 不成熟的學(xué)習(xí)的好處?learn skills學(xué)習(xí)技能?acquire knowledge學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí),enrich knowledge豐富知識(shí), ?widen horizon開闊視野, ?inspire interest激發(fā)興趣, ?stimulate interest激發(fā)興趣, ?cultivate hobbies?develop potentials?conduce to mental development?lay a solid foundation for the future為將來打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)學(xué)習(xí)上的問題: ?lack discipline缺少約束力/persistence毅力, ?testoriented education應(yīng)試型教育,teachercentred education studentcentred education moneyorientedquality education 素質(zhì)教育?cram for examinations突擊考試, ?stuff 塞materials?memorise背, memorisation, ?rote learning死記硬背?Testtaking techniques應(yīng)試技巧壞處:?discourage critical thinking 打擊評(píng)判性思維?students stop questioning what they 2 are being taught?學(xué)生們不去質(zhì)問他們學(xué)習(xí)的東西?conduce to academic performance有助學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)?Adversely influence 負(fù)面地影響(動(dòng)作)Exert adverse/unfavorable influence on對(duì)。 range of / a series of / a string of: “一系列”,特別是后兩個(gè)單詞通常都可以用在消極概念前邊,可以用作修飾語(yǔ),增加文章長(zhǎng)度。 to do: “計(jì)劃,打算”,可以替代be going to等詞組,表達(dá)做事的意愿。 to do: “沒有能夠”,可以適當(dāng)替換帶有cannot的句子。: 作為名詞,含義是“損失、損失金額”,動(dòng)詞“損壞”的搭配能力非常強(qiáng),和表示物品或抽象概念的詞都可以放在一起使用,因此可以用來替代destroy。 afford to: “不應(yīng)當(dāng)做”,不純粹是我們說的“負(fù)擔(dān)不起”。 steep/steeply 急劇升降的167。 steady/steadily 穩(wěn)固的,堅(jiān)定不移的 167。 alert to something: “對(duì)…保持警惕”,后面接消極概念。: “衰退”,表示數(shù)字下降得比較緩慢,在圖表作文中根據(jù)圖表曲線的實(shí)際情況使用,替代我們使用的普通單詞decrease。: “經(jīng)?!保娲鷒ften,表示發(fā)生頻率很高。 investment into: “投資,投入”,投資是解決社會(huì)問題的一個(gè)核心方式,因此這個(gè)詞組在英語(yǔ)寫作中經(jīng)常會(huì)用到。: “減輕,緩解”,用于消極概念前,詞組為relieve somebody of something“消除某人的…。產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響?Emphasis on memorisation adversely influences one’s academic 創(chuàng)造性?Come at the expense/cost of creativity以犧牲創(chuàng)造力為代價(jià)?Lower/raise the standard of…降低了。有災(zāi)難性的影響?危害植物: ?vegetation植被?deforestation森林消失, ?landslide山體滑坡, ?危害環(huán)境: ?carbon dioxide二氧化碳, greenhouse gas emission destroy ozone layer ?acid rain酸雨(erode腐蝕)greenhouse effect溫室效應(yīng)(worsening, deteriorate, deterioration惡化)global warming全球變暖?ecological system=ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)?green belt綠化帶, sand storm沙塵暴,(filter )arouse people’s awareness/consciousness of environmental protection提高公眾的環(huán)保意識(shí)動(dòng)物:?vivisection 活體解剖?perform/conduct experiments on animals 在動(dòng)物身上做試驗(yàn) 1 ?animal rights 動(dòng)物權(quán)益?cruel and barbaric 殘忍和野蠻的?inhumane 不仁道的?alternative methods替代方式,其他方式?torture 折磨?right to live 生命權(quán)?lifethreatening diseases威脅生命的疾病?medical technique醫(yī)療技術(shù)?clinical research 臨床研究?vaccine 疫苗?anatomy解剖?學(xué)校:nursery托兒所?kindergarten幼兒園?primary school/elementary school小學(xué), ?secondary school中學(xué)教育?higher education高等教育 tertiary levelfurther education進(jìn)修?教育: parenting, schooling,?enroll 入學(xué)admit 招收,錄取?Parents are obliged to do…父母有責(zé)任、義務(wù)去做。: “發(fā)展,進(jìn)步”,可以同advance交替使用,以避免重復(fù),并可以替代development。: “教育”,名詞形式為instruction,同educate,education交替使用。 / factor: “方面,因素”,寫作時(shí)盡量避免使用element,這個(gè)詞中國(guó)人用得不是很好,aspect因?yàn)橛玫娜溯^多,也可以避免。: “目前”,用來替代now,nowadays。 / sensible: “合理的”,都可以替代reasonable。 sharp/sharply 銳利的,明顯的,急劇的 167。 gradual/gradually 漸進(jìn)的,逐漸的 167。: “其他的選擇或辦法”,比如an alternative is that… 就相當(dāng)于in addition(除此 之外)了。 / illustrate: “說明,表明”,用在圖表作文中替代show,reveal等單詞。 / novel: “新的”,比如fresh idea等,都可以用來替代我們經(jīng)常使用的new。: “問題”,中性詞,我們平常使用的problem是貶義詞,因此比如網(wǎng)絡(luò)問題等詞組都應(yīng)當(dāng)用issue來表達(dá)。: “一直處于某狀態(tài)”,后面一般使用形容詞。的水平工作:?Fulltime, parttime, casual job,whitecollar, bluecollar, semiskilled, selfemployed, freelancer, ?收入: ine, earnings, wages, salary,revenue職業(yè)好: enjoyable, pleasant, fascinating令人著迷的?Steady穩(wěn)定的?provide many opportunities for…提供各種。第四篇:雅思寫作替換詞建筑?architecture建筑, ?architectural style建筑風(fēng)格, ?traditional傳統(tǒng)的?modern現(xiàn)代的, ?postmodern后現(xiàn)代的?have aesthetic value有美學(xué)價(jià)值, ?energyefficient 節(jié)能的?function功能?functional 功能型的,實(shí)用的?historic site 歷史遺跡?cultural relics 文化遺跡?national identity 民族特征?skyscraper 摩天大樓?courtyard dwellings 四合院?wellstructured 結(jié)構(gòu)完好的?representation ?crystallization結(jié)晶/civilization 文明?exterior appearance 外表?interior 內(nèi)部的?eye sore 丑的東西?demolish, pull down 拆除?preserve保留, ?devastation破壞,:environmental protection 環(huán)境保護(hù)?environmentallyfriendly 環(huán)保的?preserve ,保存 conserve ?污染:?Pollute= contaminate, pollutant ?Pollution=contamination?垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter?處理: dispose of, burn, bury(landfill), dump,recycle ?plastic bags, drinking cans?biodegradable packaging可降解包裝, ?throwaway 可丟棄的?disposable 可丟棄的 ~ product ?discourage ?燃料?nonrenewable 不可再生的?fossil fuels礦石燃料: natural gas, coal, petroleum?limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然資源?alternative energy替代能源?replace=substitute (wind power, hydropower水電, ?solar(lunar)power太陽(yáng)能, ?nuclear power核能 tidal power潮汐?radioactivity ?use up, deplete, exhaust ,耗盡?conserve ,節(jié)約, ?consume less 危害動(dòng)物: ?poaching非法打獵,盜獵, ?damage natural habitat破壞自然棲息地, ?rare breed稀有物種, ?endangered species瀕危物種, ?extinct (die out, disappear), ?animal rights activist動(dòng)物權(quán)益保護(hù)者 , ?natural reserve(giant panda大熊貓)自然保護(hù)區(qū), ?protect wildlife保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物, ?disastrous災(zāi)難性的, devastation破壞, ?have disastrous effect on…對(duì)。: “好處”,這個(gè)詞本來是指經(jīng)濟(jì)上的利潤(rùn),但現(xiàn)在可以用來替代benefit,表示廣義的好處。 instance: “例如”,雖然這個(gè)詞組我們經(jīng)常見到,但很少有人在寫作文時(shí)用它來替代for example。expand: “擴(kuò)大”,后面接影響,范圍一類的詞匯。: “至關(guān)重要的”,用于替代已經(jīng)被用濫的important。: 名詞,“進(jìn)步,發(fā)展”,用來替代文章開頭經(jīng)常使用的development,progress。 significant/significantly 有意義的,重大的,重要的167。 slow/slowly 緩慢的,不活躍的 167。 / channel: “方法,手段”,用來替代我們經(jīng)常使用的一些簡(jiǎn)單詞匯,如method 等等。: “下降”,用來替代decrease。: “完成,取得”,記住以下詞組,fulfill the task, fulfill the dream, fulfill the role。 a campaign to do something: “大力開展…活動(dòng)”。 difference: “消除分歧,差異”,常用寫作詞組。的機(jī)會(huì), ?give me a sense of satisfaction/acplishment給我一種滿足感、成就感, ?apply what I have learnt to my job把我學(xué)的用在工作中, ?put my talent into full play充分發(fā)揮我的天分, ?improve my interpersonal and municative skills提高我的人際交往和交流能力, improve my independence獨(dú)立能力,?wellfare福利?benefit future development將來的發(fā)展, ?不好: ?demanding難做的, ?stressful有壓力的, ?tiring累人的, exhausting令人筋疲力盡的,?boring無聊的, ?routine work常規(guī)工作, ?repetitive重復(fù)性的, ?work overtime/extra hours加班?workaholic工作狂, ?repetitive strain injuries職業(yè)病, ?adverse conditions惡劣的工作條件, ?Personnel, human resources 人力資源,媒體?媒體: mediummedia:read newspapers?watch TV programs?surf the Internet?see movies?uptodate information最新的信息, ?access ?The internet enables people to have easy access to various :reporter, journalist, paparazzi 狗仔隊(duì)(復(fù)數(shù))tabloid ?讀者群Readership?觀眾audience?報(bào)道:n
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