【正文】 Decision Support Systems and IT (決策支持系統(tǒng)與 IT) Outline of Presentation(大綱 ) ?Supply Chain Capabilities(供應鏈能力 ) ?Logistics Network Design(物流網(wǎng)絡設計 ) ?Supply Chain Master Planning(供應鏈主計劃 ) ?Demand Planning(需求計劃 ) ?Inventory Planning(庫存計劃 ) ?Information Technology(信息科技 ) Capabilities required for supply chain excellence (優(yōu)越供應鏈的能力需求 ) ?Strategic work design(戰(zhàn)略網(wǎng)絡設計 ) ?Supply chain master planning(供應鏈主計劃 ) ?Operational planning(運營計劃 ) ?Operational execution(運營執(zhí)行 ) Capabilities required to achieve supply chain excellence (獲取供應鏈優(yōu)越的能力 ) *Forrester “Balancing supply and demand” March 2022 N e t w o r k D e s i g nD e m a n dP l a n n i n gS u p p l y C h a i nM a s t e r P l a n n i n g I n v e n t o r y P l a n n i n g F u l f i l l m e n tD e c i s i o n f o c u s I n f r a s t r u c t u r eF o r e c a s t amp。F o r e c a s t E r r o rR e s o u r c eu t i l i z a t i o n / c y c l es t o c k S a f e t y s t o c k C u s t o m e r S e r v i c eP l a n n i n g H o r i z o n 2 t o 5 y e a r s 1 1 2 m o n t h s 1 2 m o n t h s 1 m o n t h H o u r sA g g r e g a t i o n L e v e l F a m i l y I t e m C l a s s e s I t e m O r d e rF r e q u e n c y Y e a r l y M o n t h l y / W e e k l y M o n t h l y / W e e k l y M o n t h l y / W e e k l y R e a l t i m eR O I * 6 0 % t o 7 0 % ?? 1 5 % t o 2 0 % 5 % t o 1 0 % 1 % t o 5 %I m p l e m e n t a t i o n V e r y S h o r t M e d i u m S h o r t S h o r t LongU s e r s V e r y f e w F e w F e w F e w M a n yNetwork Design: Key Issues (網(wǎng)絡設計的關鍵問題 ) ?Pick the optimal number, location, and size of warehouses and/or plants (工廠、倉庫的設計 ) ?Determine optimal sourcing strategy(最優(yōu)的采購策略 ) ? Which plant/vendor should produce which product(什么樣的工廠制造什么樣的產(chǎn)品 ) ?Determine best distribution channels(最優(yōu)的配送渠道 ) ? Which warehouses should service which customers(什么樣的倉庫服務什么樣的顧客 ) Network Design: Key Issues (網(wǎng)絡設計的關鍵問題 ) The objective is to balance service level against (目標為平衡顧客服務水平與 ) ? Production/ purchasing costs(生產(chǎn) /采購成本 ) ? Inventory carrying costs(庫存持有成本 ) ? Facility costs (handling and fixed costs)(設備成本 ) ? Transportation costs(運輸成本 ) That is, we would like to find a minimalannualcost configuration of the distribution work that satisfies product demands at specified customer service levels. Network Design Tools: Major Components (網(wǎng)絡設計的工具 ) ? Mapping(映射，地圖化 ) ? Mapping allows you to visualize your supply chain and solutions(可視化供應鏈與解決方案 ) ? Mapping the solutions allows you to better understand different scenarios(更好理解不同的解決方案 ) ? Color coding, sizing, and utilization indicators allow for further analysis(各種指標可以進一步分析 ) ? Data(數(shù)據(jù) ) ? Data specifies the costs of your supply chain(成本總結 ) ? The baseline cost data should match your accounting data(與會計數(shù)據(jù)吻合 ) ? The output data allows you to quantify changes to the supply chain(輸出的數(shù)據(jù)能量化供應鏈的變化 ) ? Engine(引擎 ) ? Optimization Techniques(優(yōu)化技術 ) Mapping Allows You to Visualize Your Supply Chain(可視化供應鏈 ) Displaying the Solutions Allows you To Compare Scenarios(可視化解決方案 ) Key Drivers for Network Design (網(wǎng)絡設計的核心驅(qū)動 ) Profitability Competitiveness (利 潤競爭 力 ) Profits(利 潤 ) Assets(資產(chǎn) ) Revenue(收入 ) Expenses(成本 ) Service levels proximity to key markets Distribution channels Fixed cost of DC’s Fixed cost of Xdocks Fixed cost of plants Cost of private fleet Inbound transportation Outbound transportation location of facilities drives this cost Inventory costs Variable production and warehousing costs Typical Strategic Network Design Applications (戰(zhàn)略網(wǎng)絡設計應用 ) ? Evaluate the optimal distribution work to reduce costs and improve service(衡量最優(yōu)的配送網(wǎng)絡從而減少成本提高服務 ) ? Determine how to optimally consolidate tw