decisionsupportsystemsandit（決策支持系統(tǒng)與it）(文件)
【正文】 ty(整合能力提高 ) ? XML, CPFR, RosettaNet ?Move to Application Service Provider (ASP) Deployment (應(yīng)用服務(wù)商部署 ) ?Fast ROI(快速的投資回報(bào)率 ) Information Technology (IT技術(shù) ) ?IT in SCM spans both internal and external systems connecting the firm to its customers and suppliers (IT橫跨供應(yīng)鏈的內(nèi)外部系統(tǒng)，聯(lián)結(jié)顧客與供應(yīng)商 ) ?Companies employ different systems that support different locations(公司采用不同的系統(tǒng)來支援地域的差異性 ) ? Warehouse management systems, (倉(cāng)庫(kù) 管理系 統(tǒng) ) ? Production planning, (生 產(chǎn)計(jì)劃 ) ? Transaction and sales processing (交易 與銷 售 處 理 ) ? Decision support systems (決 策支持系 統(tǒng) ) ? Communications systems: Email, Intras (通信系統(tǒng) ) Information Technology (IT技術(shù) ) ?In many businesses, petitive edge in the market is achieved through the use of IT(很多行業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)通過 IT技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn) ) ? Banking(銀行業(yè) ) ? Retail (Wal Mart)(零售業(yè) ) ? Airlines (American Airlines)(航空業(yè) ) ? Trucking and Shipping (FedEx)(卡車運(yùn)輸業(yè) ) Goals of IT in LSCM (供應(yīng)鏈物流管理中 IT的目標(biāo) ) ?Collect information on each product from production to delivery/purchase point and provide plete visibility for parties involved. (在每一個(gè)交易點(diǎn)收集相關(guān)信息提供全局可視性 ) ? Tracking (跟蹤 ) ? Alerting (報(bào)警 ) Goals of IT in LSCM (供應(yīng)鏈物流管理中 IT的目標(biāo) ) ?Access any data in the system from a single point of contact. This is plicated by the fact that one may need information which resides(從單個(gè)接入點(diǎn)獲取數(shù)據(jù)，但是往往這個(gè)比較麻煩因?yàn)閿?shù)據(jù)存在 ) ? in various locations within one pany(公司范圍內(nèi)的不同地點(diǎn) ) ? in different panies(不同公司 ) Goals of IT in LSCM (供應(yīng)鏈物流管理中 IT的目標(biāo) ) ?Analyze and plan activities based on total supply chain information.(基于供應(yīng)鏈信息分析以及計(jì)劃相關(guān)活動(dòng) ) ? Decision Support Systems(決策支持系統(tǒng) ) ? Advanced Planning Systems (高級(jí)計(jì)劃系統(tǒng) ) Goals of IT in LSCM (供應(yīng)鏈物流管理中 IT的目標(biāo) ) ?Collaborate with Supply Chain partners.(協(xié)同供應(yīng)鏈的合作伙伴 ) ? Alignment of IT systems (IT系統(tǒng)的協(xié)調(diào) ) ? Integration of business processes (業(yè)務(wù)流程的整合 ) ? Supply chain relationship management (供應(yīng)鏈關(guān)系管理 ) ? CPFR(協(xié)調(diào)計(jì)劃、預(yù)測(cè)以及補(bǔ)貨 ) How are these Goals Achieved? (如何達(dá)到這些目標(biāo) ) 1. Standardization (標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 ) 2. Infrastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 ) 3. Electronic Commerce (電子商務(wù) ) 4. Supply Chain System Components (供應(yīng)鏈系統(tǒng)部件 ) How are these Goals Achieved? (如何達(dá)到這些目標(biāo) ) 1. Standardization: ? The forces behind them: (標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化背后的推手 ) ? Market forces: cheaper to purchase and maintain (更便宜采購(gòu)與維護(hù) ) ? Interconnectivity(更方便連接 ) ? Reduced software costs(減少軟件成本 ) ? Economies of scale (規(guī)模效應(yīng) ) ? General standards (一般的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 ) ? Wintel ? Inter: HTML, XML ? Web services Emerging Standards (正在形成的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ) ?Supply Chain Operations Reference Model (SCOR) (供應(yīng)鏈參考模型 ) ?Collaborative Planning Forecasting And Replenishment (CPFR) (協(xié)同計(jì)劃、預(yù)測(cè)以及補(bǔ)貨 ) ?Rosetta(B2B的數(shù)據(jù)共享 ) ?ERPII How are these Goals Achieved? (Cont.) (如何達(dá)到這些目標(biāo) ) 2. Infrastructure: ?Many panies have implemented Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems which create an enterprisewide transaction backbone as well as tie in all the facilities into worldwide financial systems. (現(xiàn)有的 ERP系統(tǒng) ) ?IT infrastructure typically consists of the following ponents: (IT基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施主要包括 ) ? Interface/presentation devices (界面設(shè)備 ) ? Communications (通信設(shè)備 ) ? Databases (數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) ) ? System architecture (系統(tǒng)架構(gòu) ) How are these Goals Achieved? (cont.) (如何達(dá)到這些目標(biāo) ) 3. Electronic Commerce: ?EC refers to the ability to perform transactions electronically (電子商務(wù)是指商務(wù)活動(dòng)電子化 ) ?Examples of directsell to customers through the Inter: (互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的直銷 ) ? Dell Computer ? ? Table 1 Summary of Electronic Commerce levels (電子商務(wù)層次 ) Level n um ber Descr i ption Exam ple 1 One way m un ic at io n E m ai l, FTP, Br ow s i ng 2 Database acce s s Inqu i ries, Fo r m s, Purchase s, Track i ng 3 Data Exc ha ng e EDI, Cl earin gh ou se 4 Sh ari ng pr oces ses C P FR, Bu sines s co m m un it ie s Table 2 Comparison of ERP and DSS Implementation (E
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