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exam.(還在進(jìn)行)學(xué)生們一直在準(zhǔn)備考試。livinglikereadtwo She has been with us since Monday.她從星期一就一直和我們在一起。She told me she would e again next week. 她和我說她下周還來。3)be to + 動(dòng)詞原形,表示安排、命令或肯定將會(huì)發(fā)生的事情;在問句中表示征求意見。(2)be going + 動(dòng)詞不定式1)這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示主體現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)硪瞿呈?。He is translating a novel. 他在翻譯一本小說。5)在某些以here, there 開頭的句子中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Autumn follows 。因此,了解謂語動(dòng)詞的形式及其變化規(guī)律非常重要。主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),用單三形式。4)在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。例如:They are learning English. 他們正在學(xué)習(xí)英語。我想可能會(huì)下雨。(不能用will替換)Can somebody help me? ?I will. 誰能幫我一些嗎?―?我來。 would not 和should not的簡略形式分別為wouldn’t 和shouldn’t.(2)過去將來時(shí)表示從過去某時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的事情,多用在賓語從句中。 2)表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),往往和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用,如today, these days, recently, now, lately, for…, since…, in the last/past two weeks/years/days/months, just 等。By six o’clock they had worked for eight hours. 到六點(diǎn)為止,他們已工作八小時(shí)了?,F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是由have/has+been+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成thisalwaysWe39。preparingtenI 表示“已經(jīng)去某地”要用 “have (has) gone”。2)were/was to + 動(dòng)詞原形,表示安排,命令或后來將要發(fā)生的事。4)be about + 動(dòng)詞不定式。I am going to meet Tom at the station at six. 我六點(diǎn)鐘要到火車站去接湯姆。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)構(gòu)成:由助動(dòng)詞be 的過去式 + 現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成。一般過去時(shí)(1)構(gòu)成:一般過去時(shí)通常由動(dòng)詞過去式表示。My father never takes a bus。(2) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)形式(簡稱現(xiàn)單三):主要用于主語為第三人稱單數(shù)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。謂語動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞一律由動(dòng)詞原形加ing構(gòu)成,規(guī)則如下表:詞尾變化舉例一般加inglooklooking, trytrying以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的詞,去掉e,再加ingwritewriting, dancedancing以一個(gè)輔音字母(x除外)詞尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞,先雙寫詞尾的輔音字母,再加ingbeginbeginning, swimswimming,runrunning, sitsitting以ie結(jié)尾的詞,變ie為y,再加ingtietying, lielying謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)表格:以do 為例,列表如下:時(shí)態(tài)一般進(jìn)行完成完成進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在時(shí)does。The plane takes off at six past five. 飛機(jī)將于六點(diǎn)零五分起飛。其中be有人稱和數(shù)的變化,有三種形式:第一人稱單數(shù)用am, 第三人稱單數(shù)用is, 其他用are。一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)動(dòng)詞表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。Be going to往往表示事先經(jīng)過考慮的打算;will多表示意愿,決心。第一人稱用should。以study 為例,其否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下:否定式疑問式I have not (haven’t) studied….Have I studied…?You have not (haven’t) studied….Have you studied…?He has not (hasn’t) studied….Has he studied…?否定疑問式簡單回答(肯定/否定)Have I not (Haven’t i) studied…?Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.Have you not (Haven’t you) studied…?Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.Has he not (Hasn’t he) studied…?Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.(2)用法:1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常強(qiáng)調(diào)過去動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果或影響。例如:She told me she had been there three times before. 她告訴我她以前到過那里三次。vestudentsfinished(可能在路上和已經(jīng)到加拿大).過去完成時(shí)(1)構(gòu)成:一律用had + 過去分詞構(gòu)成。如:He was about to say something more, but then checked himself. 他正要再說點(diǎn)什么,卻又打住了。馬上開始上課了。I am afraid I am going to have a bad cold. ?恐怕我要得重感冒。例如:The teacher was giving us a lesson when Tom walked into the room. 老師在給我們上課時(shí),湯姆走進(jìn)教室。The train arrived ten minutes ago. 火車十分鐘前就到了。The sun rises in the east. 太陽從東方升起。(