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八、會(huì)展業(yè)與旅游業(yè)、會(huì)展旅游的關(guān)系方面的研究 郭蔓和傅云新在《試論會(huì)展與旅行社互動(dòng)發(fā)展》文中,以對(duì)會(huì)展與旅行社現(xiàn)有的互動(dòng)關(guān)系分析為鋪墊,借用外包理論,嘗試性構(gòu)建會(huì)展與旅行社互動(dòng)流程圖,同時(shí)分別針對(duì)會(huì)展前、中、后 3 個(gè)階段提出了會(huì)展與旅行社互動(dòng)發(fā)展的建議。實(shí)際上是旅行社經(jīng)營(yíng)戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整或?qū)嵤┒嘣?jīng)營(yíng)戰(zhàn)略的具體體現(xiàn)?!? 王保倫 (2021)從狹義的角度定義會(huì)展旅游:為會(huì)議和展覽活動(dòng)的舉辦提供展會(huì)場(chǎng)之外的、且與旅游業(yè)相關(guān)的服務(wù),并從中獲取一定收益的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)。 希望通過(guò)對(duì)產(chǎn)品化的研究探索出一條適合旅行社會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)的道路,從而有利于旅行社業(yè)的健 康發(fā)展。首先 , 要成立會(huì)展部。充分強(qiáng)調(diào)與旅游者的溝通 , 通過(guò)觸動(dòng)其內(nèi)在情感 , 來(lái)達(dá)到“體驗(yàn)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)”的目的。展覽活動(dòng)常常因?yàn)槠淙?流量大、群眾參與廣、帶來(lái)的社會(huì)效益大而受到政府的重視。 會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品缺乏市場(chǎng)細(xì)分 大部 分的旅行社沒(méi)有細(xì)分會(huì)展旅游市場(chǎng),并且仍將會(huì)展旅游與常規(guī)旅游合并在一起,只是把現(xiàn)有的旅游產(chǎn)品根據(jù)以往的經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的排列組合,產(chǎn)品具有普遍適用性,產(chǎn)品同質(zhì)化現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重,這不僅導(dǎo)致會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品融入程度低, 產(chǎn)品缺乏特色、針對(duì)性差、有效性低 ,而且同質(zhì)化的會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品,使旅行社之間競(jìng)爭(zhēng)加劇 ② 。 我國(guó)雖然已經(jīng)擁有了一定數(shù)量的會(huì)展公司 , 但這些公司規(guī)模很小 , 特別是私營(yíng)會(huì)展公司 , 雇傭人數(shù)一般為 2 至 8 人 , 往往是一位員工身兼數(shù)職 , 根本無(wú)法勝任大型會(huì)展業(yè)務(wù)中的組織、接待等工作。每年兩屆的“廣交會(huì)”,不僅本身 的成交總額超過(guò) 200 億美元,而且給當(dāng)?shù)氐南嚓P(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)帶來(lái) 20 多億元人民幣的收入,會(huì)議期間該市的餐飲業(yè)收入增長(zhǎng) 50%以上 ① 。 本文采用廣義的會(huì)展旅游概念,它是社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展到一定階段,伴隨著會(huì)展業(yè)和旅游業(yè)服務(wù)功能的細(xì)分化而出現(xiàn)的一種旅游活動(dòng)類(lèi)型。 [關(guān)鍵詞 ] 旅行社 會(huì)展旅游 產(chǎn)品化 基于旅行社的會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品化研究 2 Convention And Exhibition Tourism Product Research Based On Travel Agency Abstract: Recently, many travel agencies bine tourism with conventions and exhibitions, and carry out conventions and exhibition traveling. MICE tourism as a new form, is a highmargin and highyield tourism. Travel agencies can develop conventions and exhibitions tourism products to solve their own difficulties, so as to create more efficiency. There are many problems for travel agencies to enter into MICE market. This article research the issue of products. Firstly, described the concept of MICE tourism and the characteristics of MICE tourism. Secondly, analysis of the need for travel agency to enter MICE market. Thirdly, analysis of the forms of conventions and exhibitions tourism products, and then raised the issue of conventions and exhibitions tourism products. Finally , made a number of countermeasures, for example, develop special tourism products、 innovate services、 bring up a professional team and so on. Key words: travel agencies conventions and exhibition tourism product 基于旅行社的會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品化研究 3 目錄 引言 .......................................................................... 1 一、會(huì)展旅游的概念及其特點(diǎn) .................................................... 1 (一)會(huì)展旅游的概念 ........................................................ 1 (二)會(huì)展旅游的特點(diǎn) ........................................................ 2 二、旅行社拓展會(huì)展旅游市場(chǎng)的必要性 ............................................ 3 (一)旅行社產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)單一,市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈,利潤(rùn)逐漸減少 ........................ 3 (二)會(huì)展旅游利潤(rùn)率高且市場(chǎng)前景廣闊 ........................................ 4 (三)旅行社具有開(kāi)展會(huì)展旅游業(yè)務(wù)的服 務(wù)優(yōu)勢(shì)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)勢(shì) ........................ 4 三、旅行社會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品的形式及其存在的問(wèn)題 .................................... 5 (一)旅行社會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品的形式 .............................................. 5 (二)旅行社會(huì)展旅游 產(chǎn)品存在的問(wèn)題 .......................................... 5 四、旅行社會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品化策略 .................................................. 6 (一)加強(qiáng)研究,開(kāi)發(fā)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品 ........................................ 6 (二)發(fā)揮優(yōu)勢(shì),完善“會(huì)展接待 +X”點(diǎn)菜式的產(chǎn)品 .............................. 7 (三)根據(jù)客戶需求,創(chuàng)新會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品 ........................................ 8 (四)組建會(huì)展部,培養(yǎng)會(huì)展旅游專(zhuān)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì) ...................................... 9 (五)各類(lèi)旅行社之間的分工與合作策略 ....................................... 10 五、 結(jié) 論 ................................................................. 10 參考文獻(xiàn) ..................................................................... 11 致 謝 語(yǔ) ..................................................................... 12 附錄一 文獻(xiàn)綜述 ............................................................. 13 附錄二 外文翻譯 ............................................................. 20 基于旅行社的會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品化研究 4 引言 隨著旅游業(yè)和會(huì)展業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展 , 許多旅行社將旅游與會(huì)展業(yè)務(wù)相結(jié)合 , 組織開(kāi)展會(huì)展旅游活動(dòng)。但現(xiàn)在旅行社組織會(huì)展旅游不盡如人意,如僅停留在接待服務(wù)上,產(chǎn)品化問(wèn)題突出。根據(jù)“國(guó)際大會(huì)和會(huì)議協(xié)會(huì)”( ICCA)的界定,國(guó)際會(huì)議的與會(huì)人數(shù)應(yīng)在 300 人以上。大多數(shù)旅行社 以低價(jià)進(jìn)行競(jìng)爭(zhēng),“ 大而全、小而全 ”的傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)營(yíng)模式, 使得旅行 社無(wú)法滿足旅游市場(chǎng)的多樣化需求,無(wú)法提供高質(zhì)量的專(zhuān)業(yè)化服務(wù),只能 采 取低價(jià)的惡性競(jìng)爭(zhēng), 最終導(dǎo)致市場(chǎng)局面混亂,資本運(yùn)作不暢,利潤(rùn)越來(lái)越低。旅行社不僅可以為展會(huì)人員安排接送 , 代訂客房、餐飲、票務(wù) , 組織參觀游覽、娛樂(lè)消遣活動(dòng) , 提供導(dǎo)游講解服務(wù) , 還可以根據(jù)實(shí)際需要適時(shí)提供一些建議以供選擇 ① 。旅行社由于缺乏專(zhuān)業(yè)人才 , 不能很好地組織策劃展覽會(huì),難以拓展會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品。 旅行社可以利用會(huì)展舉辦地獨(dú)特的城市風(fēng)光旅游和休閑資源,推出都市旅游項(xiàng)目,也可以擴(kuò)展到城市周邊游。例如 , 傳統(tǒng)的廣州一日游總共有“天河新貌、二沙島、陳家祠、西關(guān)大屋、越秀公園、西漢南越王博物館、珠江夜游”八個(gè)景點(diǎn) , 但由 于廣交會(huì)每年舉行兩次 , 很多人都去過(guò)一些地方 ,甚至有些人就住在天河或二沙島 , 即使他們?cè)敢庥斡[西關(guān)大屋、陳家祠、西漢南越王博物館和夜珠江 , 也不會(huì)選擇這個(gè)產(chǎn)品。從國(guó)內(nèi)外引進(jìn)精通會(huì)展旅游業(yè)務(wù)、了解中國(guó)國(guó)情的高層次的會(huì)展旅游管理人才 , 從中獲取先進(jìn)的會(huì)展旅游管理經(jīng)驗(yàn) ,推動(dòng)旅行社會(huì)展旅游業(yè)務(wù)的開(kāi)展 ① 。 在此,還要感謝學(xué)院其他老師以及同學(xué)、朋友在資料收集和論文寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中對(duì)我的幫助,以及感謝家人的關(guān)心與對(duì)我學(xué)業(yè)的支持 ! 最后,感謝各位評(píng)審及答辯老師! 基于旅行社的會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品化研究 16 附錄一: 文獻(xiàn)綜述 一、會(huì)展旅游的概念研究 1841 年 7 月,英國(guó)人托馬斯 吳信值在《會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)研究 — 以武漢市為》 文中提出,會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品的開(kāi)發(fā)條件、開(kāi)發(fā)主體、開(kāi)發(fā)模式、產(chǎn)品定位、開(kāi)發(fā)原則和產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)等基本的開(kāi)發(fā)理論,并對(duì)武漢市會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品的開(kāi)發(fā)條件、策略、模式選擇,以及產(chǎn)品的定位和設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了探索。 唐善茂和張鮮艷在《旅行社經(jīng)營(yíng)會(huì)展旅游探析 —— 以桂林為例》文中,在闡述旅行社經(jīng)營(yíng)會(huì)展旅游的必要性和 SWOT 分析后,提出旅行社經(jīng)營(yíng)會(huì)展旅游的策略。 is the facilities to host the event at the destination. Theoretically, then, the convention in itself is the attraction rather than the characteristics of 基于旅行社的會(huì)展旅游產(chǎn)品化研究 24 the destination as the propelling factor in attendance. All things being equal , the convention could be held in Singapore or Sioux Falls, and delegates would still attend because of their mitment to the purpose of the convention. In practical terms, factors such as distance ,cost, accessibility ,safety ,climate or downturns in the economy may affect the size of the convention or conference, but since conference anizers generally seek to maximize their attendance and/or serve their constituency, considerable care is taken in site selection. One study found that accessibility to the destination site was more important than the attractiveness of the site for convention tourists.(See also Fortin and Ritchie.) Conferences ,congresses and conventions involve a form of travel in which the meeting serves as the primary purpose for the travel .These meetings are distinct from corporate travel in that the primary purpose is not in