【正文】 Wide Web by Sir Tim BernersLee (The Web at 25). The report covers experts? views about advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics, and their impact on jobs and employment. The previous reports in this series include: ? A February 20xx report from the Pew Research Center?s Inter Project tied to the Web?s anniversary looking at the strikingly fast adoption of the Inter and the generally positive attitudes users have about its role in their social environment. ? A March 20xx Digital Life in 2025 report issued by the Inter Project in association with Elon Univ ersity?s Imagining the Inter Center focusing on the Inter?s future more broadly. Some 1,867 experts and stakeholders responded to an openended question about the future of the Inter by 2025. One mon opinion: the Inter would bee such an ingrained part of the environment that it would be “l(fā)ike electricity”—less visible even as it bees more important in people?s daily lives. ? A May 20xx Digital Life in 2025 report on the Inter of Things from Pew Research and Elon University examining the likely impacts of the Inter of Things and wearable and embedded worked devices. A majority of the more than 1,600 respondents said they expect significant expansion of the Inter of Things, including connected devices, appliances, vehicles, wearables, and sensorladen aspects of the environment. ? A July 20xx report on Threats to the Open Inter from Pew Research and Elon University canvassing a number of experts and other stakeholders on what they see as the major threats to the free flow of information online. A majority of these experts expect the Inter to remain a place where people can freely access and share content, even as they anticipate a number of potential threats to this freedom in the ing years. This report is a collaborative effort based on the input and analysis of the following individuals. Aaron Smith, Senior Researcher, Pew Research Center’s Inter Project Prof. Janna Anderson, Director, Elon University’s Imagining the Inter Center Lee Rainie, Director, Pew Research Center’s Inter Project Find related reports about the future of the Inter at 2 PEW RESEARCH CENTER g About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping America and the world. It does not take policy positions. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. The center studies . politics and policy views。 the ing wave of innovation threatens to upend whitecollar work as well. 2) Certain highlyskilled workers will succeed wildly in this new environment—but far more may be displaced into lower paying service industry jobs at best, or permanent unemployment at worst. 3) Our educational system is not adequately preparing us for work of the future, and our political and economic institutions are poorly equipped to handle these hard choices. Some 1,896 experts responded to the following question: The economic impact of robotic advances and AI—Selfdriving cars, intelligent digital agents that can act for you, and robots are advancing rapidly. Will worked, 5 PEW RESEARCH CENTER g automated, artificial intelligence (AI) applications and robotic devices have displaced more jobs than they have created by 2025? Half of these experts (48%) envision a future in which robots and digital agents have displaced significant numbers of both blue and whitecollar workers—with many expressing concern that this will lead to vast increases in ine inequality, masses of people who are effectively unemployable, and breakdowns in the social order. The other half of the experts who responded to this survey (52%) expect that technology will not displace more jobs than it creates by 2025. To be sure, this group anticipates that many jobs currently performed by humans will be substantially taken over by robots or digital agents by 2025. But they have faith that human ingenuity will create new jobs, industries, and ways to make a living, just as it has been doing since the dawn of the Industrial Revolution. These two groups also share certain hopes and concerns about the impact of technology on employment. For instance, many are concerned that our existing social structures—and especially our educational institutions—are not adequately preparing people for the skills that will be needed in the job market of the future. Conversely, others have hope that the ing changes will be an opportunity to reassess our society?s relationship to employment itself—by returning to a focus on smallscale or artisanal modes of production, or by giving people more time to spend on leisure, selfimprovement, or time with loved ones. A number of themes ran through the responses to this question: those that are unique to either group, and those that were mentioned by members of both groups. JP Rangaswami, chief scientist for , offered a number of reasons for his belief that automation will not be a displacer of jobs in the next decade: “The effects will be different in different economies (which themselves may look different from today39。 will have to be involved on a large scale. Just as aircraft have to have pilots and copilots, I don39。s number and even send flowers, but an app can39。m not sure that jobs will disappear altogether, though that seems possible, but the jobs that are left will be lower paying and less secure than those that exist now. The middle is moving to the bottom.” Stowe Boyd, lead researcher at GigaOM Research, said, “As just one aspect of the rise of robots and AI, widespread use of autonomous cars and trucks will be the immediate end of taxi drivers and truck dri