【正文】 risons on game playing variables produced a lot of significant relation to gender swapping, there was clear evidence that adolescents engaged in significantly less gender swapping than adults (% adolescents versus %). One possible explanation may be that adolescents (who were almost all male in this sample) prefer very masculine type characters (. Warriors). They may be insecure about their own identity in the offline world and may still be developing their own one adolescent female (%) had ever played a male character pared to 39 adolescent males (%) who have played a female role. In the adult group over half of males (%) said that they had gender swapped pared to only % of female were significantly less likely to gender swap in both may because females do not want to contradict gender stereotypes surrounding aggression and violence. An examination of favourite and least favourite aspects of Everquest also revealed some very significant both groups’ favourite aspects related to the social aspects of playing, more adults (%) than adolescents (%) preferred these aspects (although this just failed to reach significance).The biggest difference between the groups was that significantly more adolescents than adults claimed their favourite aspect of playing was was also demonstrated in the least favourite aspects with significantly more adults than adolescents reporting that violence was their least favourite were no other significant differences between the groups. Given that the weekly play frequency for both groups was quite high, it was unsurprising that various aspects of their lives were over onefifth of both groups stated that nothing was sacrificed in order to play Everquest. However, this does mean that almost 80% of both adults and adolescents reported sacrificing at least one thing in their lives in order to play at the level that they were significantly more likely to sacrifice social events whereas adolescents were significantly more likely to sacrifice their education or this is a true reflection of what is sacrificed, then there is some cause for concern for the adolescent group as the sacrificing of education or work may have more severe repercussions than sacrificing other parts of their lives. Almost onefifth of both groups said they sacrificed sleep in order to too may have repercussions for both groups on productivity in other areas of their lives. The findings relating to excessive play here suggest that some online gamers may be experiencing addictive like experiences similar to findings in other types of video game play ( amp。大部分的原因是由于游戲中的暴力元素組成，玩 家需要戰(zhàn)斗升級(jí)獲得個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)。未成年女性有 %扮演過(guò)男性，對(duì)比來(lái)看， %的男性玩家扮演過(guò)女性。成年人犧牲的時(shí)間多是社交，未成年人則是學(xué)習(xí)和工作。 The Value of Virtual Assets – The Role of Game Characters in MMOGs Tony Manninen INTRODUCTION The seemingly virtual domains of massively multiplayer online games (MMOGs) have escaped the boundaries of cyberspace. Virtual economies, artificial currencies and intangible property are all inherent phenomena of contemporary virtual worlds that exist in the depths of the puter devices and works. The likes of science fiction authors William Gibson (1984), with his Cyberspace, and Neal Stephenson (1992), who used the term Metaverse, have long ago predicted the future of worked online munities. While the society has perceived these as mere fictional playgrounds,the virtual worlds have slowly evolved to places and spaces of – at least – halfreal assets. There are numerous examples of cases that illustrate the shift and crossover between virtual and real. Making a profitable business by selling virtual property (Anshe Chung Studios 20xx。制作可盈利的商業(yè)銷(xiāo)售虛擬財(cái)產(chǎn)，運(yùn)行“黃金農(nóng)民”這個(gè)公司，目的是在于收集出售虛擬資源和廣泛宣傳的游戲人物，都是虛擬經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)變 為社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的幾個(gè)實(shí)例?！暗诙松钡膬r(jià)值增值過(guò)程便是虛擬資產(chǎn)交易的活生生的例子。 指導(dǎo)教師審閱意見(jiàn)： 外文文獻(xiàn)選擇上比較注重學(xué)術(shù)性以及與本論文選題的相關(guān)性，內(nèi)容翻譯恰當(dāng)，語(yǔ)句通順，合乎畢業(yè)論文外文 翻譯的要求。同時(shí)，劉健（對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)）指出我國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲產(chǎn)業(yè)面臨極大威脅，第一是來(lái)自外國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的威脅，我國(guó)核心技術(shù)的把握不到位，網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲軟件開(kāi)發(fā)一直是我們的軟肋，如韓國(guó)游戲公司掌握了游戲引擎這樣的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，中國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲公司只能通過(guò)代理游戲或使用既定的游戲規(guī)則的方式研發(fā)游戲。 參考文獻(xiàn)： [1]黃石、丁肇臣、陳妍潔 .數(shù)字游戲策劃 [M].北京： 清華大學(xué)出版社， 20xx 年， 3282,216228 [2]萬(wàn)太平、代曉蓉 .游戲設(shè)計(jì)概論 [M]北京：電子工業(yè)出版社， 20xx 年： 111126 [3]Richard Rouse 著 尤曉東等譯 .Gamer Design:Theory and Practice 游戲設(shè)計(jì) —— 原理與實(shí)踐 [M]北京：電子工業(yè)出版社 20xx 年： 115 [4]鐘智錦 .網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲玩家的基本特征及游戲中的社會(huì)化行為 [J].現(xiàn)代傳播， 20xx 年第一期：111115 [5]楊鵬 .游戲、心理與環(huán)境：以系統(tǒng)思維綜合對(duì)待網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲成癮 [J].中國(guó) 青年研究， 20xx年 6 月： 812 [6]劉洋 楊學(xué)成 .中國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲玩家的消費(fèi)行為及其影響因素分析 [J].中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院學(xué)報(bào)， 20xx 年 5 月第三期： 8489 [7]王繼瑛 .網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲玩家的心理訴求 [J].南京郵電大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)（社會(huì)科學(xué)版）， 20xx 年 6 月第 13 卷第二期： 2024 [8]雷莎莎 .網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲中的虛擬經(jīng)濟(jì)解讀 [J].中國(guó)科教創(chuàng)新導(dǎo)刊， 20xx ： 100101 [9]Jesper Juul 文、關(guān)萍萍譯 .游戲、玩家、世界：對(duì)游戲本質(zhì)的探討 [J].文化藝術(shù)研究，20xx 年 5 月第 2 卷第 3 期 ： 220230 [10]劉秀峰 .淺析我國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) [J].價(jià)值工程 Value Engineering,20xx 年 02 期： 171172. 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