【正文】 w to use these idioms about which I’m sure. 3. 根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配習慣，請體會： . 1949 was the year in which the . was founded. 5. Whose從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為 “ of +關(guān)系代詞 ” 型，如： ，要表示先行詞的一部分時，可用 “ 數(shù)詞 /代詞 + of + 關(guān)系代詞 ” 的結(jié)構(gòu)，如： . They live in a house, whose door opens to the south. They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south. . There are 50 students in our class, twothirds of whom have been to Beijing. 1. The knife _____ we used to cut the bread is very sharp. A. which B. with that C. with it D. with which 2. The beautiful dress______ Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers. A. in which B. worn by C. wearing which D. that 3. I have two ballpens,______ writes well. A. neither of them B. none of them C. neither of which of which D A C 四、關(guān)系副詞 when, where, why的用法 關(guān)系副詞都等于一個適當?shù)?介詞＋ which， 在從句中作 狀語 you still remember the day when(on which) we went to visit the museum together? When=in/at/on/…+which。 who。 ? 2 語氣的種類 a. 陳述語氣：表示動作或狀態(tài)是現(xiàn)實的、確定的或符合事實的，用于陳述句、疑問句和某些感嘆句。 May you succeed!祝您成功！ ? 二．虛擬語氣在條件從句中的用法。如： If I were you, I should(would ,could, might)tell him the truth. 要是我是你，我就會告訴他真相了。如： If it should rain, the crops would(could, might)be ，莊稼可能就收獲了。 ? 。 ? 注：在表示與將來事實可能相反的條件從句中，were to + 動詞原形比較正式，常用于書面語中。（事實上她沒有時間） ? 2 表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)和結(jié)果。如果假設(shè)的情況可能發(fā)生，是真實條件句，這種情況下謂語用陳述語氣。 Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙嗎？ How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老師啊！ ? b. 祈使語氣：表示說話人對對方的請求或命令。 which,that B C 11. The theory he’s stuck ________ us that earthquakes can be forecast. A, to prove to B. to proves to C. proves to D. which proved 12. It was at the school _________ was named after a hero _____________ he spent his childhood. A. which。 Why=for /…+which is the factory where(in which)my father once worked. is the reason why(for which) he was late. 五、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定從中的不同成分 a、 This is the place where he works. This is the place which(that)we visited last year. b、 That was the time when he arrived. Do you still remember the days that (which)we spent together? c、 This is the reason why he went. The reason that (which)he gave us was quite reasonable. is the hotel_______ we will stay at. is the hotel_______ we will stay. is the hotel__________ we will stay. is the hotel_________we will visit. hotel is_______________ we will stay at. hotel is_______________ we will visit. hotel is___________ we will stay. hotel is___________ we will visit. that where at which that,which the one that the one that where what 定語從句中需注意事項 of+復數(shù)名詞 +關(guān)系代詞 +動詞復數(shù) the (only) one of +復數(shù)名詞 +關(guān)系代詞 +動詞單數(shù) The Great Wall is one of the worldfamous building that draw lots of visitors. He is the only one of the students who know Russian in our school. ? ， 但 what從句可與 that定語從句互換 。先行詞前有 only, any,few,little,no,all,one of,the same,the very修飾時： ? The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. ? 7. 有兩個定語從句，其中已有一個關(guān)系詞which時： ? Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. 只用 which ? 。 hear ? C. Not having received。 ? 2。 held D. Held 。 stolen D. lying。 seeing D. Seen 。 tiring D. tired 。 如： ? 隨著時間的推移 ， 他的頭發(fā)變花白了 。 如： ? His father died, leaving him a lot of money. ? 她非常生氣 ， 把玩具扔在地上 ， 把它摔成了碎片 。 ? I met an old man on my way here. ? The book I lost was found under the desk. 1. 不定冠詞的位置： a/an一般放在名詞短語的最前端，但有例外： 1）。 a./n.+as +主 +be, 2。before, after, till/until, since。如： 1 . take place、 happen、 break out等。例如： Mathilde only has a small cold room to live in . ( Mathilde是 to live in的邏輯主語 ) He bought some magazines to read . ( He是 to read的邏輯主語 ) 3 . 當不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞，是及物動詞的直接賓語，而間接賓語是不定式的邏輯主語時。例如： Your suggestion is still under discussion . He is said to be under arrest for stealing . The house under repair is our classroom building . ? 常見的這類 under短語還有： ? under attack在進攻中， under arrest在關(guān)押中，under consideration在考慮中， under construction在建設(shè)中， under contact在聯(lián)系中， under discussion在討論中， under examination在審查中， under investigation在調(diào)查中， under repair在修理中，under review在審議中 under treatment在醫(yī)治中，under trial在受審中 ? 還有一些介詞，如 in , on , for , above , beyond , past , out of , within等，也可以構(gòu)成表示動作的介詞短語。這種介詞短語在句中常作表語，也可作補足語或定語。 ? The water is fit to drink . ? The picture is pleasant to look at . 2 . 當不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是動詞的賓語，而句子的主語也是不定式的邏輯主語時。 (四 ) 有些動詞不及物動詞，只有主動形式，常視為主動表被動。時間狀語從句 引導詞： when, while, as 。 no matter what,whatever…. 1. as,though引導的從句的倒裝： Young as he is, he knows a lot. Boy as he is, he knows a lot. Much as I like it, I can’t but take it. Fast as you run,you can’t catch up with him. Try as he does, she will never find it. Search as they would,they could find no sign of the boy. 1。強調(diào)聽話人所取的態(tài)度。 ? Many of us, being so excited, couldn’t go to sleep that night. ? ③ –ing分詞短語作 結(jié)果狀語 。 ? ⑥ “with/without+n.(賓格 )+ing”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語 ， 表示伴隨情況或時間 、 原因等 。 tiring C. tiring 。 seeing C. Seeing 。 stealing C. lay。 holding C. Having held 。 主語其邏輯必須與句子的主語一致 。 hear B. Not received。先行詞是 all, much, little, sth, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等代詞時： ? You should hand in all that you had. ? We haven’t got much that we can offer you. ? 6。 Where=in/at/on/…+which。 that D. who。如： ? There are two sides to every 題都有兩個方面。 條件從句有兩類，一是真實條件句，另一是虛擬條件句。（事實上我不是你） If she had time, she would(could, might)help ，她就會幫我了。 What would happen if I put the paper on the fire? It would burn. 我若把只放在火上會怎么樣？ 紙會