【正文】
個以上的營業(yè)地,則以與合同及合同的履行關系最密切的 營業(yè)地為其營業(yè)地,但要考慮到雙方當事人在訂立合同前任何時候或訂立合同時所知 道或所設想的情況; ?。ǎ猓┤绻斒氯藳]有營業(yè)地,則以其慣常居住地為準?! 〉诹鶙l 雙方當事人可以不適用本公約,或在第十二條的條件下,減損本公約的任何規(guī)定 或改變其效力?! 。ǎ玻┊斒氯藸I業(yè)地在不同國家的事實,如果從合同或從訂立合同前任何時候或 訂立合同時,當事人之間的任何交易或當事人透露的情報均看不出,應不予考慮?! 〉谒臈l 本公約只適用于銷售合同的訂立和賣方和買方因此種合同而產生的權利和義務?! 。ǎ常┰诖_定一方當事人的意旨或一個通情達理的人應有的理解時,應適當地考 慮到與事實有關的一切情況,包括談判情形、當事人之間確立的任何習慣作法、慣例 和當事人其后的任何行為?! 〉诙糠?合同的訂立 第十四條 ?。ǎ保┫蛞粋€或一個以上特定的人提出的訂立合同的建議,如果十分確定并且表 明發(fā)價人在得到接受時承受約束的意旨,即構成發(fā)價?! 〉谑藯l (1)被發(fā)價人聲明或做出其它行為表示同意一項發(fā)價,即是接受,緘默或不行 動本身不等于接受?! 。ǎ常┯嘘P貨物價格、付款、貨物質量和數量、交貨地點和時間、一方當事人對 另一方當事人的賠償責任范圍或解決爭端等等的添加或不同條件,均視為在實質上變 更發(fā)價的條件?! 〉诙龡l 合同于按照本公約規(guī)定對發(fā)價的接受生效時訂立。但是,一方當事人的行為,如經另一方當事人寄以信賴 ,就不得堅持此項規(guī)定。如果賣方在那個時間以前已移交這些單據,他可以在那個時間到 達前糾正單據中任何不符合同規(guī)定的情形,但是,此一權利的行使不得使買方遭受不 合理的不便或承擔不合理的開支。但是,買方保留本公約所規(guī)定的要求損害賠償 的任何權利。但是,如果這種權利或要求是以工業(yè)產權 或其它知識產權為基礎的,賣方的義務應依照第四十二條的規(guī)定?! 。ǎ常┤绻I方對違反合同采取某種補救辦法,法院或仲裁庭不得給予賣方寬限 期?! 〉谒氖藯l (1)在第四十九條的條件下,賣方即使在交貨日期之后,仍可自付費用,對任 何不履行義務做出補救,但這種補救不得造成不合理的遲延,也不得使買方遭受不合 理的不便,或無法確定賣方是否將償付買方預付的費用。 第五十條 如果貨物不符合同,不論價款是否已付,買方都可以減低價格,減價按實際交付 的貨物在交貨時的價值與符合合同的貨物在當時的價值兩者之間的比例計算。 第一節(jié) 支付價款 第五十四條 買方支付價款的義務包括根據合同或任何有關法律和規(guī)章規(guī)定的步驟和手續(xù),以 便支付價款?! 。ǎ常┵I方在未有機會檢驗貨物前,無義務支付價款,除非這種機會與雙方當事 人議定的交貨或支付程序相抵觸?! 。ǎ玻┏琴u方收到買方的通知,聲稱他將不在所規(guī)定的時間內履行義務,賣方 不得在這段時間內對違反合同采取任何補救辦法?! 〉诹邨l (1)如果銷售合同涉及到貨物的運輸,但賣方沒有義務在某一特定地點交付貨 物,自貨物按照銷售合同交付給第一承運人以轉交給買方時起,風險就移轉到買方承 擔?! 。ǎ玻┑?,如果買方有義務在賣方營業(yè)地以外的某一地點接收貨物,當交貨時 間已到而買方知道貨物已在該地點交給他處置時,風險方始移轉?! 。ǎ玻┤绻麜r間許可,打算宣告合同無效的一方當事人必須向另一方當事人發(fā)出 合理的通知,使他可以對履行義務提供充分保證?! 〉谄呤鶙l ?。ǎ保┤绻贤恍鏌o效,而貨物又有時價,要求損害賠償的一方,如果沒有 根據第七十五條規(guī)定進行購買或轉賣,則可以取得合同規(guī)定的價格和宣告合同無效時 的時價之間的差額以及按照第七十四條規(guī)定可以取得的任何其它損害賠償。 ?。ǎ常┍緱l所規(guī)定的免責對障礙存在的期間有效。 第八十二條 ?。ǎ保┵I方如果不可能按實際收到貨物的原狀歸還貨物,他就喪失宣告合同無效 或要求賣方交付替代貨物的權利。他有權保有這些貨物,直至賣方把 他所付的合理費用償還給他為止。他必須向另一方當事人說明所余款項。 ?。ǎ玻┌凑丈弦豢钜?guī)定就本公約第二部分或第三部分做出聲明的締約國,在該聲 明適用的部分所規(guī)定事項上,不得視為本公約第一條第(1)款范圍內的締約國?! 。ǎ常┳鳛楦鶕弦豢钏雎暶鲗ο蟮膰胰绻髞沓蔀榫喖s國,這項聲明從本 公約對該新締約國生效之日起,具有根據第(1)款所做聲明的效力,但以該新締約 國加入這項聲明,或做出相互單方面聲明為限?! 。ǎ矗└鶕竟s規(guī)定做出聲明的任何國家可以隨時用書面正式通知保管人撤回 該項聲明?! 。ǎ矗┓矠椤叮保梗叮茨旰Q镭浳镤N售公約》締約國并批準、接受、核準或加入 本公約和根據第九十二條規(guī)定聲明或業(yè)已聲明不受本公約第二部分約束的國家,應于 批準、接受、核準或加入時通知荷蘭政府聲明退出《1964年海牙貨物銷售公約》 。凡通知內訂 明一段退出生效的更長時間,則退出于保管人收到通知后該段更長時間滿時起生效。 or (b) when the rules of private international law lead to the application of the law of a Contracting State. (2) The fact that the parties have their places of business in different States is to be disregarded whenever this fact does not appear either from the contract or from any dealings between, or from information disclosed by, the parties at any time before or at the conclusion of the contract. (3) Neither the nationality of the parties nor the civil or mercial character of the parties or of the contract is to be taken into consideration in determining the application of this Convention. Article 2This Convention does not apply to sales: (a) of goods bought for personal, family or household use, unless the seller, at any time before or at the conclusion of the contract, neither knew nor ought to have known that the goods were bought for any such use。 or (b) if it was reasonable for the offeree to rely on the offer as being irrevocable and the offeree has acted in reliance on the offer. Article 17An offer, even if it is irrevocable, is terminated when a rejection reaches the offeror. Article 18(1) A statement made by or other conduct of the offeree indicating assent to an offer is an acceptance. Silence or inactivity does not in itself amount to acceptance. (2) An acceptance of an offer bees effective at the moment the indication of assent reaches the offeror. An acceptance is not effective if the indication of assent does not reach the offeror within the time he has fixed or, if no time is fixed, within a reasonable time, due account being taken of the circumstances of the transaction, including the rapidity of the means of munication employed by the offeror. An oral offer must be accepted immediately unless the circumstances indicate otherwise. (3) However, if, by virtue of the offer or as a result of practices which the parties have established between themselves or of usage, the offeree may indicate assent by performing an act, such as one relating to the dispatch of the goods or payment of the price, without notice to the offeror, the acceptance is effective at the moment the act is performed, provided that the act is performed within the period of time laid down in the preceding paragraph. Article 19(1) A reply to an offer which purports to be an acceptance but contains additions, limitations or other modifications is a rejection of the offer and constitutes a counteroffer. (2) However, a reply to an offer which purports to be an acceptance but contains additional or different terms which do not materially alter the terms of the offer constitutes an acceptance, unless the offeror, without undue delay, objects orally to the discrepancy or dispatches a notice to that effect. If he does not so object, the terms of the contract are the terms of the offer with the modifications contained in the acceptance. (3) Additional or different terms relating, among other things, to the price, payment, quality and quantity of the goods, place and time of delivery, extent of one party39。 (c) on execution or otherwise by authority of law?! ∠铝腥珯啻?,經各自政府正式授權,在本公約上簽字,以資證明?! 。ǎ叮楸緱l的目的,《1964年海牙訂立合同公約》或《1964年海牙貨 物銷售公約》的締約國的批準、接受、核準或加入本公約,應在這些國家按照規(guī)定退 出該兩公約生效后方始生效。 (5)撤回根據第九十四條做出的聲明,自撤回生效之日起,就會使另一國家根 據該條所做的任何相互聲明失效?! 〉诰攀鶙l 本國法律規(guī)定銷售合同必須以書面訂立或書面證明的締約國,可以隨時按照第十 二條的規(guī)定,聲明本公約第十一條、第二十九條或第二部分準許銷售合同或其更改或 根據協議終止,或者任何發(fā)價、接受或其它意旨表示得以書面以外任何形式做出的任 何規(guī)定不適用,如果任何一方當事人的營業(yè)地是在該締約國內。 ?。ǎ玻┐朔N聲明應通知保管人,并且明確地說明適用本公約的領土單位。 第九十條 本公約不優(yōu)于業(yè)已締結或可以締結并載有與屬于本公約范圍內事項有關的條款的 任何國際協定,但以雙方當事人的營業(yè)地均在這種協定的締約國內為限。如果賣方或受權代表他掌管貨物的人也在目的地 ,則此一規(guī)定不適用?! 〉诎耸龡l 買方雖然依第八十二條規(guī)定喪失宣告合同無效或要求賣方交付替代貨物的權利, 但是根據合同和本公約規(guī)定,他仍保有采取一切其它補救辦法的權利?! ∪绻擁椡ㄖ诓宦男辛x務的一方已知道或理應知道此一障礙后一段合理時間內仍未 為另一方收到,則他對由于另一方未收到通