【正文】 語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中是相輔相成、相互促進(jìn)的。學(xué)生通過(guò)大量的、專門(mén)的和綜合的語(yǔ)言練習(xí)，才能形成綜合的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力，同時(shí)這也包括了完形填空的能力，為以后的真實(shí)的語(yǔ)言交際運(yùn)用打下一個(gè)堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。3．掌握閱讀技巧，提高語(yǔ)篇理解能力。它 是一種考查學(xué)生語(yǔ)言能力，特別是語(yǔ)篇層次上交際能力的較難題型。高中英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)重要考點(diǎn)，教師在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)備考中要注意重點(diǎn)突出、訓(xùn)練得當(dāng)，尤其是對(duì)以下要點(diǎn)的復(fù)習(xí)： 、現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞的用法區(qū)別；；；；；；；；；10.“(be+)過(guò)去分詞+介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)； be結(jié)構(gòu)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。不定式短語(yǔ)通常用來(lái)表示一件未完成的事或目的。To see is to 。(注)動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中的現(xiàn)在分詞形式相同，但其所屬結(jié)構(gòu)迥異，進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作是由主語(yǔ)完成的。They were very excited at the news．聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，他們非常激動(dòng)。t you remember seeing the man before?你不記得以前見(jiàn)過(guò)那個(gè)人嗎? You must remember to leave tomorrow．你可要記著是明天動(dòng)身。t mean to hurt your feeling．我沒(méi)想要傷害你的感情。There is nothing to worry about．沒(méi)有什么值得發(fā)愁的。(2)分詞作定語(yǔ)分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)有下面幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)：1)現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義，過(guò)去分詞一般表示被動(dòng)含意?，F(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)與過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)的最主要區(qū)別在于兩者與所修飾的主語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)關(guān)系的區(qū)別。They stood by the roadside talking about the plan．他們站在路邊談?wù)撝@個(gè)計(jì)劃。(條件)His family was too poor to support him．他的家庭太窮，不能維持他的生活。(主語(yǔ))I don39。如： Let him do 。（4）不定式與動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)和分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)1)不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)為：for +名詞(或代詞賓格)+ 不定式。s working late．他不喜歡他妻子工作得很晚。2)It is + no use, no good(fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore...)等名詞+doing is no use 。有些非謂語(yǔ)形式已成為固定用語(yǔ)，用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)說(shuō)話內(nèi)容所特的態(tài)度。如：表原因、表?xiàng)l件、表方式、表伴隨、表時(shí)間等，在句中通常起狀語(yǔ)作用。表狀態(tài)）Class over, we began to play ，我們開(kāi)始玩籃球。語(yǔ)法上稱作“依著原則”；有些分詞結(jié)構(gòu)在句子上找不到它的邏輯主語(yǔ)，語(yǔ)法上稱作“懸垂分詞”。例：⑴ Generally speaking, the rule is very easy to ，這個(gè)規(guī)則很容易懂。to make the matter worse等等。1．動(dòng)詞不定式用主動(dòng)的形式在獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，動(dòng)詞不定式和它前面的名詞或代詞存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。Being ill, he went ,他回家了。= As it is National Day today, the streets are very being no further business to discuss, we all went ，我們都回家了。= As their living conditions were greatly improved, the workers worked still was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the ，眼睛緊盯著黑板。（兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行）The food cooked, the boy went to ，小孩去睡了。= Our school looks even more beautiful if when all the lights are boy was walking, with his father ，小孩在后走著。= The girl hid her box and no one knew where it anyone noticing, he slipped through the ，從窗口溜走了。1．表示時(shí)間 Night ing on, we put ourselves up in a small ，我們?cè)谝患倚÷灭^住了下來(lái)。（= If everything is taken into consideration, the plan seems to be more practical.）提示：表示時(shí)間、原因、條件的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般放在句首，并且不能保留連詞。= He is the person who has a lot of questions to be can use a large plastic bottle with its top cut off.(with 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作定語(yǔ),修飾bottle)你可以使用一個(gè)頸被砍掉的大塑料瓶。I can find you ______bed in my ,a,/ ,the,/ you buy more than ten, they will knock 20 pence price price division between English –speaking Canadians and Frenchspeaking Canadians is _______major concern of the , /, a, the, / he left _____college ,he got a job as ______reporter in a newspaper ./, aB /, the, the， the most important thing about cotton in history is ___part that it played in ____Industrial ./,/,/ , the ,the he was investigating ways to improve the telescope Newton made _______discovery which pletely changed ____ man’s understanding of ,/ ,theC./, the ,a is ___world of wonders, _____world where anything can （共9頁(yè)）, a, aD./,/ Wilsons live in ______Ashaped house near the is _______17th century , /, theC./, the ,a owns ______larger collection of ______books than any other student in our ,/,/ ,theD./, the a long time they walked without saying was the first t break , a ,the ,/,/ was ____time _____I hated t go to ,that ,when ,that ,when you finish reading the book ,you will have ______better understanding of ______life., , theC./,the,/ earn 10dollars ____hours as ____supermarket cashier on , an ,a ,a ,the 32The sign reads ―in ease of___ fire ,break the glass and push _____red button‖ A./,aB./,the ,the ,a don’t like talking on ______telephone。that success；when。(without的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作定語(yǔ),修飾the road)= He was walking along the road that didn’t have any street lights on its both ：在這里我們討論了很多用連詞連接的兩個(gè)句子改為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的情況?！菊`】The moon appearing and they continued their way.【正】The moon appearing, they continued their ，他們繼續(xù)趕路。（= When all the guests were seated, they began their dinner.）With everything she needed bought, Grace took a taxi ，格雷斯打的回家了。= The little boy looks sad because he has so much homework to kid feels excited with so many places of interest to ，小孩很激動(dòng)。= He stood at the door, and a puter was in his sat at the desk, with a pen in his Vincent sat at the desk, pen in ，嘴里銜著一支筆。A． with+名詞代詞+形容詞He doesn’t like to sleep with the windows 。 ，他休了兩個(gè)月的假。（相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句If time permits)My health allowing, I will work far into the ，我愿工作到深夜。（= When he had seated himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine.）1． 表示時(shí)間的ing形式作“獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”Everyone being ready, the teacher began his ，老師開(kāi)始上課。（= As his mother is to e tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner.）——will you go to the concert tonight 你今晚去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)嗎？ —— many exercisebooks to check, I really can39。⑵ To make the matter worse, he locked his keys in the ，他把鑰匙鎖在車?yán)锪似摺⒎侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)在獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和它前面的名詞或代詞存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。有些固定短語(yǔ)是帶to的不定式，表明說(shuō)話人的立場(chǎng)和態(tài)度，在句中作獨(dú)立成分。(依著原則)⑵ When planting these flowers, care must be taken not to damage the root.(我們)種花時(shí)必須小心，不能碰壞花根。（借此結(jié)構(gòu)；表伴隨）The last guest to arrive, our party was ，我們的晚會(huì)開(kāi)始了。按其結(jié)構(gòu)形式分為：—ing 分詞獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；—ed分詞獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；無(wú)動(dòng)詞獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)等。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一、概念：“獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”是由名詞或代詞作為邏輯主語(yǔ)，加上分詞、形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或介詞短語(yǔ)作為邏輯謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。It is a great fun playing football．打籃球很有趣。這類詞主要有：absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel ,selfish, wicked, wrong等 It is very kind of you to help me．你幫助我太好了。(注)在表示人物性格、特性等的形容詞后面，常用of引出不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)。(注)：①上述感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞與使役動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)．其后的不定式一般需帶to，如： He was seen to e．The boy was made to go to bed early.②在動(dòng)詞find與help之后，不定式可帶to亦可不帶to，如: He was surprised to find the sheep(to)break fence at this season．他發(fā)現(xiàn)羊在此季節(jié)越出柵欄，感到驚訝。(賓語(yǔ))The difficulty was how to cross the river．困難在于如何過(guò)河。(結(jié)果)We are glad to hear the news．我們很高興聽(tīng)到這消息。(目的)2)分詞作狀語(yǔ)放在句子開(kāi)頭，除表示原因之外有時(shí)表示時(shí)間或條件。He went out shutting the door behind 。He rushed into the burning house．他沖進(jìn)了正在燃燒著的房子。6）不定代詞something, nothing, little, much, a lot 等習(xí)慣上用不定式做定語(yǔ)。4．不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別(1）不定式作定語(yǔ)1)不定式與其所修飾的名詞可能是主謂關(guān)系He was