【正文】 theC./,the,/ earn 10dollars ____hours as ____supermarket cashier on , an ,a ,a ,the 32The sign reads ―in ease of___ fire ,break the glass and push _____red button‖ A./,aB./,the ,the ,a don’t like talking on ______telephone。（= If everything is taken into consideration, the plan seems to be more practical.）提示：表示時(shí)間、原因、條件的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般放在句首，并且不能保留連詞。= The girl hid her box and no one knew where it anyone noticing, he slipped through the ，從窗口溜走了。（兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行）The food cooked, the boy went to ，小孩去睡了。= As it is National Day today, the streets are very being no further business to discuss, we all went ，我們都回家了。1．動(dòng)詞不定式用主動(dòng)的形式在獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，動(dòng)詞不定式和它前面的名詞或代詞存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。例：⑴ Generally speaking, the rule is very easy to ，這個(gè)規(guī)則很容易懂。表狀態(tài)）Class over, we began to play ，我們開始玩籃球。有些非謂語(yǔ)形式已成為固定用語(yǔ)，用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)說(shuō)話內(nèi)容所特的態(tài)度。s working late．他不喜歡他妻子工作得很晚。如： Let him do 。(條件)His family was too poor to support him．他的家庭太窮，不能維持他的生活?，F(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)與過去分詞做狀語(yǔ)的最主要區(qū)別在于兩者與所修飾的主語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)關(guān)系的區(qū)別。There is nothing to worry about．沒有什么值得發(fā)愁的。t you remember seeing the man before?你不記得以前見過那個(gè)人嗎? You must remember to leave tomorrow．你可要記著是明天動(dòng)身。(注)動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中的現(xiàn)在分詞形式相同，但其所屬結(jié)構(gòu)迥異，進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作是由主語(yǔ)完成的。不定式短語(yǔ)通常用來(lái)表示一件未完成的事或目的。它 是一種考查學(xué)生語(yǔ)言能力，特別是語(yǔ)篇層次上交際能力的較難題型。學(xué)生通過大量的、專門的和綜合的語(yǔ)言練習(xí)，才能形成綜合的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力，同時(shí)這也包括了完形填空的能力，為以后的真實(shí)的語(yǔ)言交際運(yùn)用打下一個(gè)堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。要掌握常用的詞語(yǔ)搭配和詞語(yǔ)辨析?！窘谭ㄖ敢糠侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞包括不定式、ving形式和過去分詞，是高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的難點(diǎn)，也是高考考查的重點(diǎn)。2）如果主語(yǔ)是不定式（表示條件），表語(yǔ)也是不定式（表示結(jié)果）。The argument is very convincing．他的論點(diǎn)很令人信服。I didn39。He is always the first to e and the last to leave． 他總是第一個(gè)到來(lái)，最后一個(gè)離去。(2)動(dòng)詞不定式和分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別1)分詞作狀語(yǔ)一般表示伴隨，而不定式常常表示目的。如：When to start has not been decided．何時(shí)動(dòng)身尚未決定。There was nothing for them to do but to remain silent．除了保持沉默以外，他們沒有別有別的辦法。Seeing is 。其實(shí)，雖然叫做獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，并不是真正的獨(dú)立，它還是一種從屬分句，在句中有多種作用。還應(yīng)該注意，分詞結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是總和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，而是主句的其他成分。to be frank。(=If many trees,flowers,and grass are planted,our newlybuilt school will look even more beautiful.)B．ing形式“獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”動(dòng)詞的ing形式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)一般應(yīng)與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致。= As the book was written in simple English，English beginners were able to read workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly ，他們工作得更起勁了。B． with+名詞代詞+副詞Our school looks even more beautiful with all the lights ，我們的學(xué)?？瓷先ジ?。A．作狀語(yǔ)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)，其功能相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句或并列分句。He is the person with a lot of questions to be settled.(with 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作定語(yǔ),修飾the student)他就是有許多問題要解決的那個(gè)人。when success。4．表示伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明The strange man was walking down the street, with a stick in his ,手里拿著根手杖。The kid feels excited as there are so many places of interest to ：在with/without 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，多數(shù)情況下with 能省略，但without 不能省略。= He doesn’t like to sleep when the windows are stood in the rain, with his clothes ，衣服濕透了。（相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句If my health allows）4． 表示方式的ing形式作“獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his ，每個(gè)人胸前都帶著一張卡。t afford any ，有這多的作業(yè)要批，我真的抽不出時(shí)間。這些短語(yǔ)有：to be honest。（名詞＋不定式；表時(shí)間）五、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)的異同：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與分詞短語(yǔ)都可以轉(zhuǎn)化成狀語(yǔ)從句。這種結(jié)構(gòu)在形式上與主句沒有關(guān)系，通常稱為“獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”。間或也可用for + there to be表示（而且there后面的不定式只能是to be）。3)在do nothing／anything／everything but(except)結(jié)構(gòu)中。(原因)（3）下面一些句型是不定式做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)候應(yīng)該注意的：a：not/never too?to, too?not to , but/only too? to, too ready/eager/apt/inclined to 表示肯定意義b：做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的不定式只能出現(xiàn)在句子的末尾，常見的不定式動(dòng)詞有：find, hear, see, be told, form, give, make, produce 等。Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for ，他去找父母幫忙。John will do anything but work on a farm．除了農(nóng)活，約翰什么都愿意干。(已講過)I regret to have to do this，but I have no choice．我很遺憾必須這樣去做，我實(shí)在沒辦法。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞如excite，interest等都是及物動(dòng)詞，漢語(yǔ)意思不是“激動(dòng)”，“高興”，而是“使激動(dòng)”、“使高興”，因而現(xiàn)在分詞應(yīng)該是“令人激動(dòng)的”、“令人高興的”，過去分詞則是“感到激動(dòng)的”和“感到高興的”。(經(jīng)驗(yàn))(3）不定式做主語(yǔ)，一般用it當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)，把作主語(yǔ)的不定式短語(yǔ)后置。第二篇：2010高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)教案2010高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)教案專題八 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)【專題要點(diǎn)】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)主要用法如下：、賓語(yǔ)；；； ，且意義不同的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)；、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別；、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別； 、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別；； be 結(jié)構(gòu)的兩種非謂語(yǔ)形式；； ?？忌恼Z(yǔ)法知識(shí)越豐富，閱讀速度就越快，對(duì)文章的理解就會(huì)越深刻、全面。近些年來(lái)，情境意義的考查代替了明顯的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的考查，但是仍然會(huì)間接地考查語(yǔ)法，這就需要考生平時(shí)要不斷錘煉自身的辨析能力。【考綱要求】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞包括不定式、動(dòng)詞ing形式和過去分詞三種形式。It took me only five minutes to finish the ．不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別(1)不定式作表語(yǔ)1)不定式作表語(yǔ)一般表示具體動(dòng)作，特別是表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。所以，凡表示“令人??的”都是ing形式，凡是表示“感到??”都用ed形式。(未做但要做)You must try to be more careful．你可要多加小心。7）如果其動(dòng)詞要求用不定式做賓語(yǔ)，或者其形容詞要求不定式做補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，則相應(yīng)的名詞一般用不定式做定語(yǔ)。2）過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，過去分詞表示的動(dòng)作是句子主語(yǔ)承受的動(dòng)作，它們之間的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。c：不定式做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)一般為句子的主語(yǔ)，否則用for引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)。例如：Last night I did nothing but watch TV．昨天晚上，我除了看電視別的什么也沒有干。It39。二、功能：“獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”實(shí)質(zhì)就是帶有自己主語(yǔ)的非限定狀語(yǔ)從句。但是，獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換成狀語(yǔ)從句后，有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，與主句的主語(yǔ)不一致；而分詞短語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化為狀語(yǔ)從句后，從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)相同。to be sure。（＝Because I shall check so many exercisebooks tonight ,I really can39。（相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列分句and each wears a card in front of his chest）The boy lay on the grass, his eyes looking at the ，眼睛看著天空。= He stood in the rain, and his clothes were ：在“with+名詞代詞+形容詞”構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，也可用已形容詞化的ing形式或ed形式。Without a word more spoken, she left the meeting 。（= The strange man was walking down the street, and he carried a stick in his hand.）The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his ，手被捆在背后。that President Barack Obama is expecting the economy to show some _________ of recovery． just around the corner and you won’t miss ’s shop shop shop’ shop the expert has said and done will be _______ to the department valuable benefit small children some money as a gift during the Spring Festival is a mon ______ in China, which may seem strange to foreigners? recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the US would be higher than the number of English speakers by __ year , the, / , /, a you go by __ train, you can have a fortable journey, but make sure you get __ fast , theB./, a , aD./, / is often said that __ teachers have __ very easy ./, /B./, a, /, a can’t remember when exactly the Robinson left __ only remember it was __ , the, the, a, a you grow up in __ large family, you are more likely to develop __ ability to get on well with __ （共9頁(yè)）A./, an, the, the, /, an, the
。（Two hundred people died in the accident and many of them were children.）B．作定語(yǔ)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作定語(yǔ)，其功能相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。在形式上，“獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”可位于句首、句中或句尾，并通常用逗號(hào)與主句隔開。With his father wel