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高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)大全(完整版)

  

【正文】 in the lab yesterday evening.強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間: It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when)強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn): It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening. 2)It is ten years ___ Miss Green returned to Canada. A. thatB. whenC. sinceD. as答案C. 考點(diǎn)是連詞用法。She does like this 。t / oughtn39。t we?6)陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是used to 時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分用didn39。t you?8)陳述部分有would rather +v.,疑問(wèn)部分多用 wouldn39。t you?10) 陳述部分有must 的疑問(wèn)句,疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。t it?12)陳述部分由neither… nor, either… or 連接的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定。t think he is bright, is he?We believe she can do it better, can39。t do that again, will you?Go with me, will you / won39。He must be there now, isn39。t +主語(yǔ)had better + v.hadn39。2) 集體名詞(Collective Nouns):表示若干個(gè)個(gè)體組成的集合體,如:family。如:a dollar, two dollars。 d. 以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書(shū)名,劇名,報(bào)紙,雜志名,也可視為單數(shù)。 (可數(shù))b. 當(dāng)物質(zhì)名詞表示該物質(zhì)的種類(lèi)時(shí),名詞可數(shù)。 如:sports meeting 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì) students readingroom 學(xué)生閱覽室 talks table 談判桌 the foreign languages department 外語(yǔ)系 2) man, woman, gentleman等作定語(yǔ)時(shí),其單復(fù)數(shù)以所修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。s,如the boy39。4) 在表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時(shí),名詞所有格的后面常常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞,如:the barber39。s room(兩間)John and Mary39。1) 表示一個(gè),意為one;指某人或某物,意為a certain。3)指世上獨(dú)一物二的事物:the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth 4)單數(shù)名詞連用表示一類(lèi)事物,如:the dollar 美元。8)用在某些由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國(guó)家名稱(chēng)、機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體、階級(jí)、等專(zhuān)有名詞前:the People39。X。The black and the white cats are 。2) 定冠詞位置定冠詞通常位于名詞或名詞修飾語(yǔ)前,但放在all, both,double,half,twice,three times等詞之后,名詞之前。 d. 還可以用by+倍數(shù),表示增加多少倍 The production of grain has been increased by four times this year. 今年糧食產(chǎn)量增加了4倍。s me.)說(shuō)明:在上面兩例句中,her和me分別作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。He is taller than I/me.He is taller than I am.2) 主格代替賓格a. 在介詞but,except 后,有時(shí)可用主格代替賓格。 (賓格賓格)代詞的指代問(wèn)題 1)不定代詞 anybody,everybody,nobody,anyone, someone, everyone,no one, 及whoever和person在正式場(chǎng)合使用時(shí),可用he, his, him代替。b. 在長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)晚輩,長(zhǎng)官對(duì)下屬說(shuō)話時(shí),如長(zhǎng)官為第一人稱(chēng), 如:I and you try to finish it.c. 并列主語(yǔ)只有第一人稱(chēng)和第三人稱(chēng)時(shí),d. 當(dāng)其他人稱(chēng)代詞或名詞被定語(yǔ)從句修飾時(shí)。b. 作賓語(yǔ),例如:I love my motherland as much as you love yours.我愛(ài)我的祖國(guó)就像你愛(ài)你的祖國(guó)一樣深。 Please help yourself to some 。(錯(cuò)) Myself drove the car.(對(duì)) I myself drove the 。說(shuō)明:傳統(tǒng)語(yǔ)法認(rèn)為,相互關(guān)系存在于兩個(gè)人或物之間用each other, 存在于兩個(gè)以上人和物之間用one another。 b. 作賓語(yǔ)I like this better than that.我喜歡這個(gè)甚至那個(gè)。(this指物,可作賓語(yǔ))說(shuō)明2:That和those可作定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞,但this和 these不能,同時(shí),在作先行詞時(shí),只有those可指人,試比較:(對(duì)) He admired that which looked 。what, which, whose還可作限定詞。(該句中whom既代表先行詞the girl,又在從句中作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)。s changed. He39。all 通常不與可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)連用,如:不說(shuō) all the book,而說(shuō) the whole book。其謂語(yǔ)采用就近原則。t sing,nor dance,nor skate.none, few, some, any,... 一、 none 無(wú)1) none作主語(yǔ),多與of 構(gòu)成短語(yǔ) none of。A certain (some) person has seen you break the rule.某些人不同意你的看法。當(dāng)句中含有任何的意思時(shí),any可用于肯定句。我想我該去買(mǎi)一頂。3) 一定范圍內(nèi)三者,一個(gè)用one,另一個(gè)用one (another),第三個(gè)可用the other,a third。2.no one 和nonea)none 后跟of短語(yǔ),既可指人又可指物,而no one只單獨(dú)使用,只指人。3)every 只作形容詞,不可單獨(dú)使用。其位置都在be 動(dòng)詞之后,行為動(dòng)詞之前或第一助動(dòng)詞之后。3) all (所有的,全部的人或物),any (任何一個(gè)), none (都不)。All of the students are there.所有的學(xué)生都在那。典型例題:Although he 39。大多數(shù)以a開(kāi)頭的形容詞都屬于這一類(lèi)。(錯(cuò))He is an ill man.(對(duì))The man is ill.(錯(cuò))She is an afraid girl.(對(duì))The girl is afraid. 這類(lèi)詞還有: well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。固定搭配:only a few (=few)not a few (=many)quite a few (=many)many a (=many)Many books were sold. Many a book was sold. 賣(mài)出了許多書(shū)高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全之形容詞和副詞形容詞及其用法 形容詞修飾名詞,說(shuō)明事物或人的性質(zhì)或特征。many, much Many,much都意為許多, many + 可數(shù)名詞,much + 不可數(shù)名詞。All the flowers are 。以上詞使用范圍為兩個(gè)人或物。 Every student has to take one. Each boy has to take one. Each of the boys has to take one.4)every不可以作狀語(yǔ),each可作狀語(yǔ)。None of you could lift it. 你們中沒(méi)有人可舉起它。5) 泛指別的人或物時(shí),用others當(dāng)在一定范圍內(nèi),除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部時(shí),也用others。I can39。五、one, ones 為復(fù)數(shù)形式ones必須和形容詞連用。(2)some用于其他句式中::說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為對(duì)方的答案會(huì)是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答時(shí)。 Are there any pictures on the wall? None.2) none作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)均可。She can39。all還可以與一些特殊的單數(shù)名詞連用,如 all China,all the city,all my life, all the way3)both都,指兩者。every, no, all, both,... [來(lái)源:]1)不定代詞有all , both, every, each, either, neither, more, little, few, much, many, another, other, some, any , one, no 以及some, something, anything, everything, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nothing , nobody, no one, none, everybody, 。在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中,that 可指人也可指物,見(jiàn)下:限定性非限定性限定性指人指物指人或指物主 格who which that賓 格 whom that that屬 格 whose of which/whose of which/whose 例如:This is the pencil whose point is broken. 這就是那個(gè)折了尖的鉛筆。what所指的范圍是無(wú)限的,而which則指在一定的范圍內(nèi),例如:Which girls do you like best? 你喜歡哪幾個(gè)姑娘?What girls do you like best? 你喜歡什么樣的姑娘?說(shuō)明2:Whom是who的賓格,在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中,它作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ),在口語(yǔ)中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可用who代替,但在介詞后只能用whom, 例如:Who(m) did you meet on the street?你在街上遇到了誰(shuí)?(作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ))Who(m) are you taking the book to?你要把這書(shū)帶給誰(shuí)?(作介詞賓語(yǔ),置句首)To whom did you speak on the campus?你在校園里和誰(shuí)講話了?(作介詞賓語(yǔ),置介詞 后,不能用who取代。(those指人)(錯(cuò)) He admired that who danced well.(that作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不能指人)(對(duì)) He admired those who danced 。 d. 作介詞賓語(yǔ)I don39。He put all the books beside one another. 他把所有書(shū)并列擺放起來(lái)。Charles and myself saw it.5)第二人稱(chēng)作賓語(yǔ),要用反身代詞。注:有些動(dòng)詞后不跟反身代詞, get up, sitdown, stand up, wake up等。d. 作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ),例如:The life I have is yours. It39。 apparently there was a broken glass on his desk. 約翰割破了手指,顯而易見(jiàn),他桌子上有個(gè)破玻璃杯。 Give the cat some food. She is 。 I wish to speak to Mary. 我想和瑪麗通話。人稱(chēng)代詞之主、賓格的替換 1) 賓格代替主格,當(dāng)人稱(chēng)代詞單獨(dú)使用或在not 后,多用賓語(yǔ)。分子大于1時(shí),分子的序數(shù)詞用單數(shù),分母序數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù):1/3 onethird ; 3/37 three and threesevenths高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)大全之代詞人稱(chēng)代詞的用法 1)人稱(chēng)代詞的主格在句子中作主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ),例如:John waited a while but eventually he went home.約翰等了一會(huì)兒,最后他回家了。[來(lái)源:] 數(shù)詞 表示數(shù)目多少或順序多少的詞叫數(shù)詞,數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。He raises a black and white 。K]We go to school from Monday to 。10) 用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前,表示一家人:the Greens格林一家人 (或格林夫婦)11) 用在慣用語(yǔ)中:in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening),the day after tomorrowthe day before yesterday, the next morning,in the sky (water,field,country)in the dark, in the rain, in the distance,in the middle (of),in the end,on the whole, by the way, go to the theatre 零冠詞的用法 1) 國(guó)名,人名前通常不用定冠詞:England,Mary;2)泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,表示一類(lèi)人或事物時(shí),可不用定冠詞;They are teachers. 他們是教師。 the living
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