chap14競爭市場中的企業(yè)(完整版)
【正文】 arcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 SouthWestern Quantity 0 Costs and Revenue MC ATC AVC MC 1 Q 1 MC 2 Q 2 The firm maximizes profit by producing the quantity at which marginal cost equals marginal revenue. Q MAX P = MR 1 = MR 2 P = AR = MR Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. The Revenue of a Competitive Firm 競爭企業(yè)的收益 For petitive firms, marginal revenue equals the price of the good. 對競爭企業(yè)來說， 邊際收益 等于 物品的銷售價格。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. 什么是競爭市場？ ?由于以上特點 , 完全競爭市場 具有以下結(jié)果 : ?市場上任何一個買者或賣者的行動對市場價格的影響都可以忽略不計。Firms in Competitive Markets 競爭市場中的企業(yè) Chapter 14 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 ?每一個買者和賣者都是價格的接受者 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. Profit Maximization for the Competitive Firm 競爭企業(yè)的利潤最大化 Profit maximization occurs at the quantity where marginal revenue equals marginal cost. 當邊際收益等于邊際成本時，企業(yè)實現(xiàn) 利潤最大化。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. 企業(yè)的短期停止營業(yè)決策 當決定退出時，企業(yè)考慮 沉淀成本； 當決定是否停止營業(yè)時企業(yè)應忽略沉淀成本。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. The Firm’s LongRun Decision to Exit or Enter a Market ?In the longrun, the firm exits if the revenue it would get from producing is less than its total cost. Exit if TR TC Exit if P ATC Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. The Long Run: Market Supply with Entry and Exit ?Firms will enter or exit the market until profit is driven to zero. ?In the long run, price equals the minimum of average total cost. ?The longrun market supply curve is horizontal at this price. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. 如果競爭企業(yè)獲得零利潤，為什么它們還在經(jīng)營？ ?利潤等于總收益減總成本。 ?物品的價格等于企業(yè)的平均收益和邊際收益。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. 小結(jié) ?在短期中，當企業(yè)不能收回其固定成本時，如果物品價格小于平均可變成本，企業(yè)將選擇停止營業(yè)。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. Summary ?To maximize profit a firm chooses the quantity of output such that marginal revenue e
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