會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)外文翻譯：中國(guó)建筑行業(yè)的成本控制-建筑結(jié)構(gòu)(完整版)
【正文】 y services, site investigation, design, construction supervision and supply of materials etc. The Tendering and Bidding Law of the PRC 2020, which was implemented on 1st January 2020 is the first set of Laws in China consolidating the legal provisions for the tendering and bidding system. The tendering system under this Law has certain salient features. Among others they include : It requires pulsory tendering for infrastructure facilities, public projects affecting social benefits and social security。 （ Peter . Ho， Cost Control in the Chinese Construction Sector，nse=trueamp。 然而在同一個(gè)類的承包商他們的方法的定價(jià)很相似。 臨時(shí)付款 招標(biāo)文件的代碼要求為所有的大、中型大小的建設(shè)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行資助的全部或者部分由政府是基于票據(jù)的根據(jù)大量準(zhǔn)備這份文件。然而這個(gè)體系所限制個(gè)人從投標(biāo)企業(yè)根據(jù)自身的資源優(yōu)勢(shì) ,例如使用一個(gè)或特殊類型的植物或熟練技工加速生產(chǎn)或減少招標(biāo)價(jià)格。這宣傳的邀請(qǐng)的方法是通過(guò)媒體公開(kāi)投標(biāo)的指定。 依照本法規(guī)定的投標(biāo)系統(tǒng)具有一定的顯著特征。臨時(shí)評(píng)估的基礎(chǔ)上還形成休學(xué)支付給金融資金流的承包商。這份文件是十分必要的支持提交的初步設(shè)計(jì)的政府計(jì)劃部門(mén)批準(zhǔn)。成本控制過(guò)程的五個(gè)關(guān)鍵階段 招標(biāo)投標(biāo)制度 如果初步估計(jì)超過(guò)預(yù)算設(shè)定在可行性估計(jì)也額外的資金是尋求或者修改版的設(shè)計(jì)必須減低估計(jì) ,在預(yù)算范圍之內(nèi)。 這些成本的評(píng)估是不估計(jì)的 ,而且他們的詳細(xì)測(cè)量但在整個(gè)施工期間連續(xù) ,并最終建立了決賽成本的作品。其中他們包括 : 它需要強(qiáng)制招標(biāo)這標(biāo)識(shí)和方案的評(píng)價(jià)來(lái)襲標(biāo)書(shū)必須清楚地把時(shí)間在招標(biāo)文件的投標(biāo)。作為一個(gè)結(jié)果 ,雙贏的其中軟件開(kāi)發(fā)者可以得到最優(yōu)惠的價(jià)格從最低的溫柔和一個(gè)高效的、能干的投標(biāo)者可以贏得一個(gè)溫柔的“以人為本”的是不能達(dá)到最低評(píng)標(biāo)價(jià) ,這是不符合本規(guī)則的國(guó)際球員競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的市場(chǎng)。 建設(shè)工程采用工程量清單的基礎(chǔ)上獲得投標(biāo)不 tofollow 代碼在制備、投標(biāo)價(jià)格 pretender 估計(jì) ,確定和調(diào)整的嬉皮士合同總價(jià)及工程決算帳戶。堅(jiān) 實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。對(duì) 大型項(xiàng)目投標(biāo)通常是足夠的能力在此基礎(chǔ)上使用所有利率成本數(shù)據(jù)的房子。ctid=433amp。imgname=433_Cost+Engineering+in+Chinese+Construction+ ） Cost Control in the Chinese Construction Sector Abstract China has been moving away from a planned economy system towards a market cost engineering system in China has also been evolving to suit this socialist economy system. The paper examined the recent development of some elements of cost engineering relating to the construction sectors as follows and provided some ments thereon : ? The cost control process 5 key stages of cost assessment ? Tendering and Bidding System ? Bills of Quantities and Allinrates ? Contract Forms ? Qualifications Control The Cost Control process – 5 key stages of cost assessment Due to the heavy capital investment, long construction period and plex nature of construction projects, the cost control process normally involves 5 key stages of cost estimating and assessment over the lifespan of a project, each using different calculation and estimating methods. Stage This is an important document for making decisions as to the feasibility of the project. It sets down the budget limit for a project which normally should not be exceeded. Due to the limited information available at this feasibility stage the estimate would just be a rough indication of costs based on historical data. Design Stage This estimate is an update of the Feasibility Estimate upon receipt of subsequent design development information. This document is essential in supporting the submission of the Preliminary design to the Government Planning Department for approval. If the Preliminary Estimate exceeds the budget set in the feasibility estimate either additional funding is to be sought or a revision to the design is required to bring d
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