【正文】 as a sequence with 48 steps if all the resources for all steps are used, but it is possible to reach sixty steps in the case of a simpler system. The programming of the controller does not use PLC languages, but a configuration that is simple and intuitive. With electropneumatic system, the programming follows the same technique that was used before to design the system, but here the designer work s directly with the states or steps of the system. With a very simple machine language the designer can define all the configuration of the step using four or five bytes. It depends only on his experience to use all the resources of the controller. The controller task is not to work in the same way as a mercial PLC but the purpose of it is to be an example of a versatile controller that is designed for a specific area. Because of that, it is not possible to say which one works better。 the most important of them is the parallel circuit linked with all the others steps. That circuit should be able to stop the sequence at any time and change the state of the actuators to a specific position. This kind of circuit can be used as a reset or emergency buttons. The next Figs. 7 and 8 show the result of using the method without the controller. These pictures are the electric diagram of the control circuit of the example, including sensors, buttons and the coils of the electrical valves. The auxiliary elements are included, like the automatic/manual switcher that permit a continuous work and the two start buttons that make the operator of a machine use their two hands to start the process, reducing the risk of accidents. 6. Changing the example to a user program In the previous chapter, the electropneumatic circuits were presented, used to begin the study of the requires to control a system that work with steps and must offer all the functional elements to be used in a real application. But, as explained above, using a PLC or this specific controller, the control bees easier and the plexity can be increase also. Table 2 shows a resume of the elements that are necessary to control the presented example. With the time diagram, the step sequence and the elements of the system described in Table 2 and Figs. 5 and 6 it is possible to create the configuration of the steps that can be sent to the controller (Tables 3 and 4). While using a conventional PLC, the user should pay attention to the logic of the circuit when drawing the electric diagram on the interface (Figs. 7 and 8), using the programmable controller, described in this work, the user must know only the concept o f the method and program only the configuration of each step. It means that, with a conventional PLC, the user must draw the relation between the lines and the draw makes it hard to differentiate the steps of the sequence. Normally, one needs to execute a simulation on the interface to find mistakes on the logic The new programming allows that the configuration of the steps be separated, like described by the method. The sequence is defined by itself and the steps are described only by the inputs and outputs for each step. The structure of the configuration follows the order: 1byte: features of the step。 一種 非常簡單的機械語言能讓 設(shè)計者用四或五個位元組定義步驟所有結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成。序列被 25個位元組所定義。通過時間圖表 ,表 2 ，和圖 5 和 6描述了每一步驟的程序和系統(tǒng)的各個部件。那一個線路能夠隨時停止序列而且將主動器的狀態(tài)換成一個特定的位置。我們把每個步驟的所有運行統(tǒng)稱為 [2]. (A+) 表示主動器 A 向前推動，而 (A) 表示返回到開始的位置。第二步，當(dāng) A 完成了它的工作后，主動器 C 連同 B 一起開始盡可能多的產(chǎn)生電流圈，并受 B 的運行速度的限制，而 B 速度由一個流動的控制活瓣管理。 但是，如果想聯(lián)結(jié)電腦接口和控制器，至少應(yīng)該有一個儀器來保證數(shù)據(jù)的可靠性。更重要的是，應(yīng)該有預(yù)防運行故障和問題的解決方法。這個操作有兩個位元組位于電子輸入處。 它也有局限性，例如這種控制器有時會不執(zhí) 行指令，在同一程序指令下，會出現(xiàn)某一個運行的反復(fù)等等 ，但是這一個問題可以通過外部的邏輯運行解決。 這些步驟的所有過程都是在微控制器內(nèi)部進行的，并且以同樣的方式在運行著。 圖 1 氣壓系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準回路 圖 2 電控氣壓系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準回路 第一步是為每個步驟設(shè)計那些種標(biāo)準的線路。但是這種設(shè)計的主要優(yōu)點在于設(shè)計人員非 常了解自己的控制器，可以自由掌握控制器的大小尺寸，改變它的功能。 市場上的許多家公司都使用了常規(guī)的 PLC，它不僅可以用氣流系統(tǒng)來控制，還可以用各種電氣設(shè)備。*******大學(xué) 畢業(yè)設(shè)計 (論文 )外文資料翻譯 學(xué)院 (系 )： 自動化學(xué)院 專 業(yè)： 電氣工程及其自動化 學(xué)生姓名： ******* 班級學(xué)號： ********* 外文出處： Archive of Applied Mechanics 74（ 2020） 附件： ； 指導(dǎo)教師評語： 指導(dǎo)教師簽名： 年 月 日 應(yīng)用于電氣系統(tǒng)的可編程序控制器 此項目主要是研究電氣系統(tǒng)以及簡單有效的控制氣流發(fā)動機的程序和氣流系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)。 PLC 的用途廣泛，可以應(yīng)用于許多工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，甚至用于建筑物的安全和自動化系統(tǒng)中。這就意味著此項目有更多的獨特性，但同時系統(tǒng)的控制也由它的設(shè)計者所控制。第二步是聯(lián)編標(biāo)準的線路，最后一步是連接接收來自感應(yīng)器，開關(guān)和先前的運動信號，同時把空氣或電傳送給每個步驟的補給線。 部件的序列在控制器里被 5 個位元組規(guī)劃 。另外，這中控制器在沒有序列的系統(tǒng)上不能夠被應(yīng)用。一個位元組位于輸出端，