機(jī)械安全設(shè)計(jì)的主要內(nèi)容與基本原則-文庫(kù)吧在線文庫(kù)
【正文】 機(jī)器危險(xiǎn)部件的需求 3）提供安全裝置使人難以接近機(jī)器的危險(xiǎn)部位 4）提供保護(hù)裝置或防護(hù)服 13安全設(shè)計(jì)的程序 1）考慮設(shè)備的本質(zhì)安全 2）對(duì)控制裝置的選擇 3）考慮機(jī)器的失效安全 4）考慮維護(hù)及隔離方法 5）定位安全 6）機(jī)器布置14FAA: Safety Order of PrecedenceDescription Priority DefinitionDesign for minimum risk.1 Design to eliminate risks. If the identified risk cannot be eliminated, reduce it to an acceptable level through design selection.Incorporate safety devices.2 If identified risks cannot be eliminated through design selection, reduce the risk via the use of fixed, automatic, or other safety design features or devices. Provisions shall be made for periodic functional checks of safety devices.Provide warning devices.3 When neither design nor safety devices can effectively eliminate identified risks or adequately reduce risk, devices shall be used to detect the condition and to produce an adequate warning signal. Warning signals and their application shall be designed to minimize the likelihood of inappropriate human reaction and response. Warning signs and placards shall be provided to alert operational and support personnel of such risks as exposure to high voltage and heavy objects.Developprocedures and training.4 Where it is impractical to eliminate risks through design selection or specific safety and warning devices, procedures and training areused. However, concurrence of authority is usually required when procedures and training are applied to reduce risks of catastrophic,hazardous, major, or critical severity.From FAA System Safety Hand book15種類(lèi) 優(yōu)先等級(jí) 詳細(xì)說(shuō)明最小風(fēng)險(xiǎn)設(shè)計(jì)1 設(shè)計(jì)中消除風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)的流程圖 5 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)定可以采用的方法： 1）對(duì)所見(jiàn)到的可能導(dǎo)致?lián)p傷和危害健康的各種危險(xiǎn)狀態(tài)逐一核 對(duì)采取的安全措施，評(píng)定是否達(dá)到了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)減小的目標(biāo)。這種概率與人員暴露于危險(xiǎn)中的頻次和面臨危險(xiǎn)的持續(xù)時(shí)間有關(guān)，與危險(xiǎn)事件出現(xiàn)的概率有關(guān)。 采取定性與定量相結(jié)合的方式。 包括： 1）機(jī)械限制的確定 機(jī)械的壽命、使用
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