【正文】 her.在我和室友羅伯的交易成功之后，我和波莉有了第一次約會。而我也能施予她足夠多的“智慧之珠”，讓她變得“談吐優(yōu)雅”。 The doctrine of logic,” I said, is a staple of clear thinking. Failures in logic distort the truth, and some of them are well known. First let39。I could see she was stumped. Polly, I explained, it39。這似乎不言自明，對吧？仔細聽好了：你不會說法語，羅伯也不會說法語，那么這所學校里好像是沒有人會說法語?！監(jiān)h, this is awful, awful, she whispered in a choked voice.“哇，這太可怕了，太可怕了，”她哽咽著輕聲說到。舉個例子：學生考試時應(yīng)該允許看課本，因為外科醫(yī)生在做手術(shù)時可以看 X 光片。”I still think it’s a good idea, said Polly.“我仍然認為這是一個好主意，”波莉說。s a little premature, don39。re not a cake. You39。Polly, I love you. Please say you39。“不過不要對它們太死板，我是說這都是些學術(shù)的東西。你是否能給我一個充足的理由，為什么要選擇跟他？””Wow, what presumption! I’ll put it in a way someone as brilliant as you can understand,”retorted Polly,her voice dripping with sarcasm.””Full disclosure I like Rob in told him to say yes to you so he should have your jacket!” “喔，這是什么假設(shè)??！為了讓像你這樣聰明的人能夠明白，我這么說吧，”波莉反駁道，聲音里充滿了諷刺，“事情的真相是——我喜歡羅伯穿皮衣。re irresistibly desirable, and they refuse to change this opinion even when they grow bald and their faces visibly wrinkle as they age.其原因是，男性和女性對外表的看法截然不同。s done all he can.我相信，大多數(shù)男性都不會對自己的相貌感到過分自傲。如果非要我猜測大多數(shù)女性對自己的相貌是如何評價的話，那肯定是：“還不夠好。要達到這樣的標準是很荒唐的，尤其是當我們想想那種洋娃娃的腰圍尺寸，就知道其相對尺寸對任何一個活人來說都是不可企及的。我曾經(jīng)看過一期《奧普拉脫口秀》，在節(jié)目中，超級名模辛迪?克勞馥和演播室里的觀眾分享了自己的化妝秘訣。t face the same societal focus purely on physical beauty, and they39。而事實是，大多數(shù)男性認為美麗不僅僅來自于口紅和香水，而且他們也不會去注意這些額外的細節(jié)。ll know you39。Unit 4Achieving sustainable environmentalism實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)性發(fā)展的環(huán)保主義Environmental sensitivity is now as required an attitude in polite society as is, say, belief in democracy or disapproval of plastic surgery. But now that everyone from Ted Turner to George H. W. Bush has claimed love for Mother Earth, how are we to choose among the dozens of conflicting proposals, regulations and laws advanced by congressmen and constituents alike in the name of the environment? Clearly, not everything with an environmental claim is worth doing. How do we segregate the best options and consolidate our varying interests into a single, sound policy?在上流社會，對環(huán)境的敏感就如同信仰民主、反對整容一樣，是一種不可或缺的態(tài)度。For example, preserving the atmosphere stopping ozone depletion and the greenhouse effect is an environmental necessity. Recently, scientists reported that ozone damage is far worse than previously thought. Ozone depletion has a correlation not only with skin cancer and eye problems, it also destroys the ocean39。美國中西部地區(qū)的糧食供養(yǎng)著全世界。比如，在自然是否友善的問題上，當下的環(huán)保主義采取了高度選擇性的片面的觀點，而這種觀點與自然造成的災(zāi)難這一現(xiàn)實是不相協(xié)調(diào)的。這其實是一個錯誤的非此即彼的主張。t have your cake and eat it too. And in the standoff of the welfare of caribou versus reducing an oil reliance that gets people killed in wars, I choose people over caribou every time.我像別人一樣喜歡馴鹿。有時候，為了更加根本的利益，我們不得不犧牲一部分生活中美的東西。s environment.只有當人類的命運與自然的命運密不可分時，人類才應(yīng)該作出讓步。Unit 5Speaking Chinese in America在美國說中文Once, at a dinner on the Monterey Peninsula, California, my mother whispered to me confidentially: Sausau (brother39。t.嫂嫂皺起了眉頭，“不要，真不要！”她一邊大聲說一邊拍著自己已經(jīng)吃得很飽的肚子。t breach the old rules of etiquette and say you want it, they won39。作者在文章中提到，中國語言與文化錯綜交織，使中文十分委婉和客套。d scold me.“艾米啊！”他們會這樣責備我。我父母向我提一連串的要求時，總是把一切都表述得清清楚楚：“你當然會成為著名的航空工程師，”他們會鼓勵我說，“對了，你業(yè)余時間還要做音樂會的鋼琴師。如果一個旁觀的外人聽我母親說英語，可能會得出結(jié)論，說她對過去和將來這樣的時間區(qū)別沒有概念，或者認為她對人的性別不加區(qū)分，因為她提到我丈夫時總是說“她”。t Americans appreciate such an honorary description?“你為什么要抱怨呢？”他們中有人問我。我擔心這種看似無害的成見實際會導(dǎo)致人們對中國人難以容忍，并成為中國人在高層管理職位或主要的司法及政府部門寥寥無幾的部分原因。說英文的人會認為中文極其難，因為中文用非常微妙的聲調(diào)變化就可以表示不同的詞語。d scold in Chinese. It39。As any child of immigrant parents knows, there is a special kind of double bind attached to knowing two languages. My parents, for example, spoke to me in both Chinese and English。”My uncle nodded and said he understood fully: Americans take things quickly because they have no time to be polite.我舅舅點點頭，說他完全理解：美國人待人接物快速迅捷，因為他們沒有時間客氣來客氣去。Full, I39。Sausau frowned. B39。The sentimental environmentalists will call this saving nature with a totally wrong frame of mind. Exactly. A sane and intelligible environmentalism does it not for nature39。我們應(yīng)該尊重自然，也可以開發(fā)利用自然。I feel similarly about the spotted owl in Oregon. I am no enemy of the owl. If it could be preserved at a negligible cost, I would agree that it should be biodiversity is after all necessary to the ecosystem. But we must remember that not every species is needed to keep that diversity. Sometimes aesthetic aspects of life have to be sacrificed to more fundamental ones. If the cost of preserving the spotted owl is the loss of livelihood for 30,000 logging families, I choose the families (with their saws and chopped timber) over the owl.我對俄勒岡州的斑點貓頭鷹的態(tài)度也是一樣。The US has just e through a war fought in part over oil. Energy dependence costs Americans not just dollars but lives. It is a bizarre sentimentalism that would deny oil that is peacefully attainable because it risks disrupting the birthing grounds of Arctic caribou.美國剛剛經(jīng)歷了一場戰(zhàn)爭，其部分原因就是為了獲取石油。在建立人類權(quán)威的過程中，這條原則會幫助我們梳理各種錯綜復(fù)雜的關(guān)于環(huán)境保護的爭議。它號召人類保護自然，但是是在人類自我生存得到保證的前提之下。而海洋生態(tài)是食物鏈的起點，人類則位于該食物鏈的頂端。奢侈品是指那些無需人類付出代價就能擁有的給人美好感受的東西。s appearance. This may be because you have shaving cream in your hair and inside the folds of your ears.不管怎樣，言歸正傳：如果你是一位男性，當有女士問你她看起來怎么樣時，你千萬不能說她看起來很糟糕，那樣肯定會使她立刻遷怒于你，這也是你咎由自取。但是，如此費力地去取悅男性而他們卻根本不會注意，同時又只是招致其他女性的指責，這樣做究竟有什么好處呢？Anyway, to get back to my original point: If you39。人們會鼓勵男性借助其他特征來提升自尊。I39。你肯定無法想象他會問別人說：“這個配飾的紫羅蘭色和這件外套配不配呢？”But women grow up thinking they need to look like Barbie dolls or girls on magazine covers, which for most women is impossible. Nonetheless, the multibilliondollar beauty industry, plete with its own aisle in the grocery store, is devoted to constant warfare on female selfesteem, convincing women that they must buy all the newest moisturizing creams, bronzing powders and appliances that promise to stimulate and restore their skin. I once saw an Oprah Show in which supermodel Cindy Crawford dispensed makeup tips to the studio audience. Cindy had all these middleaged women app