九年級(jí)化學(xué)下冊(cè)各單元基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)總結(jié)人教新課標(biāo)版(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 應(yīng)遵守：l．遵守質(zhì)量守恒定律；2．尊重客觀事實(shí)。問(wèn)題導(dǎo)思，產(chǎn)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣。及時(shí)反饋，了解教學(xué)目的完成情況。量筒不能用來(lái)加熱，不能用作反應(yīng)容器。添加砝碼時(shí)，先加質(zhì)量大的砝碼，后加質(zhì)量小的砝碼（先大后?。?）稱量結(jié)束后，應(yīng)使游碼歸零。試管夾的長(zhǎng)柄，不要把拇指按在短柄上。拿起試劑瓶，將瓶口緊靠試管口邊緣，緩緩地注入試劑，傾注完畢，蓋上瓶蓋，標(biāo)簽向外，放回原處。本課題共包含三大內(nèi)容：燃燒的條件、滅火的原理和方法以及易燃物和易爆物的安全知識(shí)簡(jiǎn)介。教學(xué)目標(biāo)：：①認(rèn)識(shí)燃燒的條件和滅火的原理；②了解滅火器的使用方法、適用范圍及易燃物和易爆物的安全知識(shí)。如將在酒精燈火焰上灼熱后的鐵絲，立即插到盛有氧氣的集氣瓶中卻能燃燒，其可能的原因是。作業(yè)布置：家庭小實(shí)驗(yàn)：點(diǎn)燃三根火柴，分是豎直向上、豎直向下和平放，比較三根火柴燃燒的情況，并分析其原因?課后習(xí)題4板書設(shè)計(jì)： 燃燒和滅火一、燃燒的條件（1）可燃物；（2）達(dá)到燃燒所需的最低溫度（也叫著火點(diǎn)）；（3）氧氣（或空氣）二、滅火的原理用心愛心專心（1）清除可燃物或使可燃物跟其他物品隔離；（2）隔絕氧氣（或空氣）；（3）使溫度降低到著火點(diǎn)以下。 found it difficult to settle and… friend in need is a friend are told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the English around the world in…ways 在…方面be different from 與…不同play a role/ part(in)在…中擔(dān)任角色；在…中起作用。Only yesterday did his father tell him the when his father came back did he go to bed.（從句無(wú)需倒裝，主句要倒裝） strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism。若形容詞修飾sb，: It’s kind of you to help me carry the Travel Journal oneway fare 單程票 roundtrip fare 往返票dream of/ about doing sth 夢(mèng)想做某事graduate from 從…畢業(yè)go for long bike rides 做長(zhǎng)途自行車旅行persuade sb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth 說(shuō)服某人做某事persuade sb not to do sth= persuade sb out of doing sth 說(shuō)服某人不做某事 get sb interested in 使某人對(duì)… 感興趣insist on(one’s)sth/ doing sth 一定要；堅(jiān)持要the best way of doing sth/ the best way to do sth 干某事的最好辦法 at an altitude of 在…海拔上attitude to/ toward(s)對(duì)…態(tài)度care about 憂慮，關(guān)心 care for喜歡，照顧care to do愿意/同意做某事change one’s mind 改變主意 to my mind = in my opinion make up one’s mind to do 決心干某事determine to do sth(動(dòng)作)/ be determined to do sth（心理）決心干某事 give in(to)投降；屈服；讓步give in(vt)上交give up 放棄give up doing/sth as usual 像往常一樣at midnight 午夜make camp 野營(yíng)，宿營(yíng)put up one’s tents 搭起帳篷sth be familiar to sb某事為某人所熟悉sb be familiar with sth某人熟悉某事can’t wait/ can hardly wait to do sth 迫不及待想干某事for one thing… for another（用來(lái)引出某事的理由）一則… 二則… take one’s breath away 使某人大吃一驚 was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong ：it is/ was….that….其中指人時(shí)可用who(主)，whom(賓) she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that we(should)find the source of the that….(should)+ v原形 堅(jiān)持要；堅(jiān)持要求 insist that….陳述語(yǔ)氣 堅(jiān)持說(shuō)；堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為 you ever seen snowmen ride bicycles?(metaphor) climb the mountain road was hard work but to go down the hills was great Earthquakeshave time to do 有時(shí)間做某事happen to do 碰巧做某事shake hands with sb 握手burst into tears/ laughter burst out crying/laughing 突然哭/笑起來(lái)in ruins 成為廢墟cut across 穿過(guò)、橫穿blow away 吹走、刮走fall down 倒塌rescue workers 救援人員be pleased to do 樂意做某事make/ give a speech 發(fā)表演說(shuō)judging….from 根據(jù)……來(lái)判斷tens of thousands of 成千上萬(wàn)dig out 挖掘a great/ large number of =a great many/good 大量的 be trapped in/ under 陷入……/ 陷在……下面the high school speaking petition 高中演講比賽have sb do sth= make sb do sth= let sb do sth 讓某人做某事e to an end(vi)= put/ bring sth to an end = put/ bring an end to sth 結(jié)束某事 be proud of / take pride in 以……而自豪 invite sb to do sth 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事think little of 對(duì)……評(píng)價(jià)低invite sb for/ to sth think highly of 對(duì)……評(píng)價(jià)高onethird 1/3 twothirds 2/3 seventyfive percent 75% agree with sb give out 發(fā)出（氣味等）；分發(fā)；耗盡 agree to sth give off 發(fā)出（氣味等）agree to do sth give away 贈(zèng)送；泄露agree on sth 達(dá)成一致意見give back 歸還right away= right now= at once= immediately 立刻 as you know 正如你所知道的be known as 作為……而知名as is known to all 眾所周知be known for 因……而出名as could be expected 正如可以預(yù)料到的it is useless doing sth 干某事是無(wú)用的 happen= take place= e about= break out 偶發(fā) 有計(jì)劃 偶發(fā) 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等爆發(fā), imagine there has been a big be 句型 ran out of the fields looking for places to seemed that the world was at an , food and electricity were hard to ：主語(yǔ)+ be + adj + to do 其中to do 用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義 hope was not 與not 連用 表示部分否定 ’s never too late to ，學(xué)到老。 would be grateful if you could give me some ，我會(huì)非常感謝的。③在實(shí)驗(yàn)室不慎碰翻酒精燈，酒精在桌面上起火。教學(xué)方法：多媒體教學(xué)法、探究實(shí)驗(yàn)法、演示法等。可能遇到的學(xué)習(xí)問(wèn)題有：對(duì)著火點(diǎn)的概念理解不夠，有的學(xué)生把降溫滅火的方法說(shuō)成是降低著火點(diǎn)。（六）儀器的洗滌：（1）廢渣、廢液倒入廢物缸中，有用的物質(zhì)倒入指定的容器中（2）玻璃儀器
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