【正文】 ，而且非常榮幸在過去的5年里能與你們共事。這些人沒受過教育、深陷于貧窮和暴力、平等機遇對他們而言，僅是一句空話。大學是人類把不可或缺的智慧世代流傳的殿堂。如果哈佛能找到勇氣來改變自己，它就能改變世界第三篇：哈佛大學校長北京大學演講2008年哈佛大學校長北京大學演講2008年北京大學演講哈佛大學校長 傅思德二〇〇八年三月許校長，各位尊敬的教授，各位同學，各位來賓：謝謝大家。在哈佛，就像在北大一樣，我們在短短幾十年里看到高等教育戲劇性的轉變。我的母親和祖母輩們沒有一位能進大學。目前我們的學生來自低收入家庭的人數遠遠超過以往，而我們正透過大量的學費補助，務使哈佛——不論是本科還是研究所——成為人人都上得起的學校?！苯裉煳蚁牒椭T位談談我的大學是如何因應新與舊的挑戰(zhàn)——我們如何追求真理，爲人師表，溫故而知新？在巨變的時代裏，這樣的努力對作爲四方表率的大學又意味什麼？長久以來，哈佛大學和“真理”這個字就有不解之緣。但“veritas”這個字總也不變。我們必須以挑戰(zhàn)、不安和懷疑的精神持續(xù)追尋——不論是智慧科學還是國家歷史，法學倫理，還是健保福利、都市計劃，宇宙源起，還是文學、哲學，藝術對人生本源的追溯。我們已經開始重新規(guī)劃基礎科學課程，以期學生在實驗室里不僅重復已知的結果，而且也能與他們的教授共同探尋有待解決的問題，從而學得技術與道理。對這些學生而言，我們正在創(chuàng)新課程，以使他們成為有想法，有見解的二十一世紀公民。就像我們用新的方法發(fā)現真理，我們也在新的場域發(fā)現真理。法學和經濟學的交會為我們對法律制度和政府政策的理解帶來新意。我們的神學院已經有將近四百年的歷史，當初訓練基督教傳教士，如今研究世界宗教——從佛教，伊斯蘭教，印度教，到它本身基督教公理會教派的根源研究。一百多年以前，當時還是北大創(chuàng)校的初期，哈佛的教授和學生必然與今天大不相同，他們教導，研究，和學習真理的方式也有顯著差別。t seem to have inspired an outbreak of hoodies, we certainly do have somecostumes in this audience see we are now handing out is a day of joy and celebration, of happy endings and new beginnings, of families andfriends, of achievements and is also a day when we as a university perform our mostimportant annual ritual, affirming once again the purposes that animate us and the values thatdirect and inspire want to speak today about one of the most important – and in recent months, mostcontested – of these is one that has provoked debate, dissent, confrontation, andeven violence on campuses across the country, and one that has attracted widespread publicattention and am, of course, talking about issues of free speech on university meaning andlimits of free speech are questions deeply embedded in our legal system, in interpretations ofthe First Amendment and its am no constitutional lawyer, indeed no lawyer atall, and I do not intend in my brief remarks today to address plex legal ,clearly, can I in a few brief minutes take on even a fraction of the arguments that have beenadvanced on this , I speak as one who has been a university president for adecade in order to raise three questions:First: Why is free speech so important to and at universities? Second: Why does it seem under special challenge right now?And, third: How might we better address these challenges by moving beyond just defensivelyprotecting free speech – which, of course, we must do – to actively and affirmatively enabling itand nurturing environments in which it can thrive?So first: Why is free speech so important to and at universities? This is a question I took upwith the newly arrived firstyear students in the College when I weled them at Convocationlast centuries, I told them, universities have been environments in which knowledge hasbeen discovered, collected, studied, debated, expanded, changed, and advanced through thepower of rational argument and pursue truth unrelentingly, but we must neverbe so placent as to believe we have unerringly attained is inspiration assume there is always more to know and discover so we open ourselves tochallenge and must always be ready to be wrong, so being part of a universitymunity requires courage and must be places open to the kind ofdebate that can change ideas and mitted to standards of reason and evidence that formthe bases for evaluating ideas or basking in intellectual orthodoxy independent of facts and evidenceimpedes our access to new and better ideas, and it inhibits a full and considered rejection ofbad at least the time of Galileo, we can see how repressing seemingly hereticalideas has blinded societies and nations to the enhanced knowledge and understanding on whichprogress more recently, we can see here at Harvard how our inattentiveness to thepower and appeal of conservative voices left much of our munity astonished –blindsided by the oute of last fall39。s speech is encouraged and taken freedom of speech is not just about allowing is about actively creating amunity where everyone can contribute and flourish, a munity where argument isrelished, not of speech is not just freedom from censorship。原文見：Installation address: Unleashing our most ambitious imaginings就職演講常常會羅列一些新校長的具體構想或是計劃。但我們的目的要比這些宏大得多，因此，要解釋我們的責任感，也更加困難。恰恰相反，我們追尋傳統，從某種程度上講，是“為了它們自身”，因為正是它們，千百年來界定了我們何以為人類，而不是因為它們可以提升我們在全球的競爭力。這是大學為未來承擔責任的核心。正如我們生活在田野與學科正在縮小差距的時代，我們所居住的是一個逐漸跨越國家的世界，在這個世界里，知識本身就是最有力的連接體。我們必須把彼此看作是相互負有責任的，因為由我們所組成的這個組織，反過來界定了我們的潛在價值?？履咸兀↗ames ）委托給哈佛檔案館保存下來的。如果“厄運的預言”證明了是錯的，如果有一位哈佛校長能活著讀到這封信，那么，柯南特就對哈佛的未來有信心。但我們同樣要對這所大學的目的和潛在發(fā)展保持一種不可動搖的信念，她終究會盡其所能地去設計從現在起之后的半個世紀內世界將會怎樣。與此同時，我也與你們大家一道，確認了我對哈佛現在和未來的責任。”“我們都想知道，”他繼續(xù)寫到，“自由世界在未來