兒童創(chuàng)傷急救(存儲版)
【正文】 nmon before adolescence青少年以下較少發(fā)生 ? 9 years usually upper cervicalspine injuries頭椎上受傷 ? 9 years usually lower cervicalspine injuries頭椎下受傷 ? Higher incidence of SCIWORA spinalcord injury without radiographic abnormality 可無 X光片異常 29 Trauma in Children 第二十九頁，共三十五頁。 2024 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Summary總結(jié) Good trauma care for children有效兒童創(chuàng)傷處理 Proper equipment良好裝備 Interact with frightened caregivers與受驚照顧者溝通 Know normal vital signs for various ages認(rèn)識不同年齡的生命表征正常讀數(shù) Reference chart Be familiar with mon injuries in children熟悉常見兒童創(chuàng)傷傷勢 Be active in prevention programs積極參與預(yù)防意外方案 33 Trauma in Children 第三十三頁，共三十五頁。最有效顯示傷者休克的征狀為持續(xù)的脈搏過快。如 1歲 , 20次 /分鐘。 2024 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Child Neglect and Abuse 疏忽照顧及虐待 A leading cause of death in . Be alert to signs注意征狀 Transport if suspected 如有疑心 ,送院冶理 Know local laws 行使法例 32 Trauma in Children 第三十二頁，共三十五頁。 2024 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ LifeThreatening Injuries Abdominal injury腹部創(chuàng)創(chuàng) Liver and/or spleen rupture肝、脾撕裂 Second leading cause of traumatic death 傷第二致死傷勢 Bleeding often contained within an 出血通常局限于器官之內(nèi) Difficult to diagnose難以診斷 Severe injury with minimal signs 嚴(yán)重傷勢可只有輕微征狀 Suspect with any abnormal abdominal assessment 假設(shè)有任何異常腹部征狀當(dāng)作嚴(yán)重傷勢處理 Be prepared to prevent aspiration. 預(yù)防氣道吸入異物 28 Trauma in Children 第二十八頁，共三十五頁。 Campbell,International Trauma Life Support, 6th Ed. 169。 Campbell,International Trauma Life Support, 6th Ed. 169。 2024 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Breathing Management呼吸處理 17 Effective BVM ventilation— 有效 BVM換氣 intubation is Trauma in Children 第十七頁，共三十五頁。 Campbell,International Trauma Life Support, 6th Ed. 169。 Campbell,International Trauma Life Support, 6th Ed. 169。 Campbell,International Trauma Life Support, 6th Ed. 169。 Campbell, International Trauma Life Support, 6th Ed. 169。 2024 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Overview Effective techniques to gain confidence有效增加信心的技巧 Injuries based on mechanisms of injury受傷機理 ITLS Primary and Secondary Surveys初步及進一步檢查 Consent and the need for immediate transport家長同意及需實時運送 Pediatric equipment needs適合兒童之器材 Various methods of SMR on child兒童脊椎固定方法 EMS involvement in prevention programs參與預(yù)防意外方案 3 Trauma in Children 第三頁，共三十五頁。 2024 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ Assessing Mental Status Initial level of consciousness最初清醒程度 Preschool child : sleeping vs. unconscious 幼兒 :疲倦 vs人事不醒 Most will not sleep through arrival of ambulance大部份沿途不會睡覺 Ask caregivers to wake child著照顧者弄醒傷者 Suspect hypoxia, shock, head trauma, seizure 疑心缺氧、休克、頭部受傷、癲癇 7 Trauma in Children 第七頁，共三十五頁。 2024 Pearson Education, Inc
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