【正文】 ard time for operation. n Collected from time study. stations: = Cycle time / Rvalue Average cycle time: n = Cycle time / stations 1 2 3 4 2023/9/26 19 SMT Training for Productivity Items for Assembly Line Balancing Table % Load: Tell how busy each work station is pared to the busiest work station. % Load = Avg. cycle time / highest avg. cycle time. Highest avg. cycle time (100% station) is the bottleneck. 100% station is reduced by 1%, then we will save 1% for all stations. The less percent loaded, the more desirable to be subassembled or bined. 5 2023/9/26 20 SMT Training for Productivity Items for Assembly Line Balancing Table Hours / 1000 : The hours per 1000 units produced. Choose the bottleneck station. = (Avg. cycle time / 60 mins) x 1000 For more than one workers at the station, “hrs/1000” = workers x “hrs/1000” of bottleneck. Because everyone on an assembly line must work at the same rate. Pcs. / hr : Number of units produced hourly by one worker at the station. = 1 / “Hrs/1000” X 1000 6 7 2023/9/26 21 SMT Training for Productivity Improve Assembly Line Balancing ? Calculate the Line Balance rate ? Reducing the bottleneck station. ? Combining the bottleneck station with an operation in front or behind. ? Combining other operations to eliminate one of them. 2023/9/26 22 SMT Training for Productivity Example: Original Line Balance No. Operation RValue (mins) Cycle time (mins) stations Avg. cycle time (mins) % Load Hrs / 1000 Pcs. / hr 1 Place bottom housing on line and lubricate 1 80 240 2 Assemble parts 3, 4, 5 1 100 240 3 Assemble parts 6 7 together and place subassembly in housing 2 61 120 4 Drive 6 bolts holding subassembly in bottom housing 3 80 80 5 Get vent cover cement in place assembly to bottom housing 1 79 240 6 Get top housing, apply cement assemble to bottom housing 2 58 120 7 Place in carton in master carton (6 per) and aside to pallet 3 83 80 Total 13 ? Producing new plastic charger。 getting a drink. ? Contingency allowance ? It is a small allowance of time which may be included in a standard time to meet expected items of delays. ? Occurs infrequently or irregularly. ? Example: interruptions by supervisors。 move them down, not up. Eg. Use a chute to transport the products by its own gravity. 2023/9/26 34 SMT Training for Productivity Applying the Principles of Motion Economy 6. Try to set your chair or desk at the most fortable position and make sure your lighting is bright enough and at a good angle. 7. If you utilize your legs and feet, you can lighten the load on your arms and hands. 2023/9/26 35 SMT Training for Productivity Applying the Principles of Motion Economy 8. Sidetoside eye movements are less tiring than upanddown ones. 9. Whenever possible, bine procedures, using your tools as extensions of your hands and feet. Try to bine two or more tools into one. 2023/9/26 36 SMT Training for Productivity Various types of charts ? Used as record techniques ? Outline process charts: ? Overview of a process with graphical representation. ? Show principal operations (○ ) and inspections (□ ). ? Assist in the plant layout design, design of product, or machinery processes. 2023/9/26 37 SMT Training for Productivity Various types of charts ? Flow process chart: ? Activities of men, material or equipment. ? Two or more subjects can be presented alongside each other to show their interdependence. ? Activities are divided by 5 functions, operation (○ ), transport (?), storage (?), delay (D), inspection (□ ). ? Only the activities of particular subject, either man, material, or equipment, are recorded on a single chart. 2023/9/26 38 SMT Training for Productivity ? Example, Flow process chart: Inspecting and marking ining parts (original method) 2023/9/26 39 SMT Training for Productivity ? Example, Flow process chart: Inspecting and marking ining parts (improved method) 2023/9/26 40 SMT Training for Productivity Various types of charts ? Towhanded process