【正文】 出了完善中國中小企業(yè)的擔(dān)保體系的的建議。商業(yè)擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)和互助性擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)享受再擔(dān)保服務(wù)并且分擔(dān)中小企業(yè)按照國家規(guī)定和條款應(yīng)承擔(dān)的風(fēng)險。市場經(jīng)濟(jì)越是發(fā)展，信用擔(dān)保體系越完善，以這種方式,將提供巨大的財政支持中小企業(yè)。政府擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)的的資金來源主要來源于金融資金，當(dāng)?shù)卣馁Y產(chǎn)還有補(bǔ)充的保障費(fèi)。除了人才缺乏，我國還沒有為違反擔(dān)保條約建立一個合適擔(dān)保資格和處罰機(jī)制。市場準(zhǔn)入、。由于安全費(fèi)用通常是不充分的賠償損失。4 Conclusion With the refining credit guarantee system and maturing guarantee institutions，adjusted operation modes of guarantee fund and improvement of relevant security laws and facilities，SME guarantee system will inevitably play a greater role in financing and financing difficulties will inevitably be improved，SME will develop and grow faster to make a greater contribution to national economy development．4 結(jié)論有了改善過的信用擔(dān)保體系，成熟的擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)，調(diào)整過的擔(dān)?；疬\(yùn)營模式和有關(guān)法律和設(shè)備的提高，中小企業(yè)擔(dān)保體系將必然在融資中扮演一個更好的角色，并且融資困難也會緩解，中小企業(yè)將發(fā)展的更快，為國家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展做出更大貢獻(xiàn)。3．4 To adjust operation mode of guarantee fund According to overseas experiences．credit guarantee system is impossible to operate well without cooperation of mercial banks．As guarantee institutions not only provide a credit guarantee for SME．but also reduces the credit risk of mercial banks，great support should be made for guarantee activities in mercial banks．Because of operation mode of guarantee funds and others．the domestic mercial banks are not positive to guarantee．To mobilize the enthusiasm of the mercial banks the following approaches can be taken．Government provides SME risk subsidies directly towards mercial banks regulate relations between the banks and guarantee institutions．make a clear risk—sharing ratio of banks and guarantee institutions, strengthen mercial banks inspection and evaluate the responsibility of SME loans and obligations of non—performing loans． 調(diào)整擔(dān)保資金的運(yùn)行方式根據(jù)國外成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)，信用擔(dān)保系統(tǒng)沒有商業(yè)銀行的協(xié)作是不可能操作好的，由于擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)不僅提供為中小企業(yè)提供信用擔(dān)保，也降低了商業(yè)銀行的信用風(fēng)險，在商業(yè)銀行擔(dān)?；顒颖仨氂袕?qiáng)大的支撐，由于保障資金的運(yùn)作模式及其它原因，國內(nèi)商業(yè)銀行對擔(dān)保業(yè)務(wù)并不積極，要調(diào)動商業(yè)銀行的積極性要做到以下幾點(diǎn)：政府直接向商業(yè)銀行提供中小企業(yè)風(fēng)險津貼，調(diào)整銀行和擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系，在銀行和擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)之間制作一個清晰的風(fēng)險分擔(dān)比例，加強(qiáng)對商業(yè)銀行的檢查，評估中小企業(yè)貸款的義務(wù)和不良貸款的的責(zé)任3．5 To formulate legal system to make credit guarantee observe laws China should learn from successful foreign experience of some developed countries to make SME credit guarantee law as soon as possible on the basis of domestic situation and continuous summary．We should make provision in guarantee qualification，access system，conduct codes，legal liability, risk．taking and so on to enable the SM E credit guarantee institutions regulate the operation．Prevent risks and protect their legitimate rights and interests in accordance with the law．At the same time SME bank regulations，SME developing funds regulations and Others related to SME financing should be considered to be stated and implemented．In such way it will perfect SME credit guarantee system under the protection of related provisions and give full play to the supporting role of SME．,使信用擔(dān)保遵守法律我國應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒國外成功經(jīng)驗(yàn),一些發(fā)達(dá)國家,使我國中小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保法律基于國內(nèi)形勢的基礎(chǔ)上,不斷總結(jié)。which is bined with SME Bank，SME Development Fund to bee an important ponent of SME financing counseling system． 建立中小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保資金中小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保資金主要由政府和其他機(jī)構(gòu)融資，組織和有關(guān)商業(yè)銀行設(shè)立專門機(jī)構(gòu),以保障貸款銀行，但是在金融市場直接增加了資金。中小企業(yè)促進(jìn)法以及由當(dāng)?shù)卣罁?jù)相關(guān)政策制定的部門規(guī)則和規(guī)范。一些機(jī)構(gòu)依照保證貸款利率的一半收取保證費(fèi)用,還有些機(jī)構(gòu)收取超過它。在市場經(jīng)濟(jì)中政府像微觀調(diào)控者和社會管理者樣的存在并且操作和規(guī)范市場，制定和維持市場規(guī)則，政府明顯沒有憲法基礎(chǔ)和能力去解決市場問題，另外，因?yàn)橹行∑髽I(yè)貸款缺口是一個市場現(xiàn)象，市場本身有機(jī)制、動機(jī)和能力來解決這個問題，就是說，私人資本給中小企業(yè)貸款市場提供了貸款擔(dān)保。,在3366個擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)服務(wù)中,%.1．2 The present situation of credit guarantees system abroadIn the world Japan has established the credit guarantee system for SME at the beginning．In 1 937 regional Tokyo Credit Guarantee Association was founded，In l958 the establishment of a national SME Credit Insurance Corporation and the national credit guarantee associations formed a national credit guarantee system for SME which bined the central and local governments to share risk．Guarantee and re—guarantee．Afterwards，the United States，Germany and Canada began to implement credit guarantee system for SME respectively in 1953．1954 and in 1961．So did Taiwan and Hong Kong respectively in l 974 and l 998．The more developed the market economy is．the more perfect the credit guarantee system will ,in such way it will provide tremendous financial support for SME. 外國信用擔(dān)保體系現(xiàn)狀日本是世界上最先建立中小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保體系的，1937年在東京建立東京信用擔(dān)保協(xié)會，1958年設(shè)立了國家中小企業(yè)信用保險公司和國家信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)，兩者組成了為中小企業(yè)服務(wù)的國家信用擔(dān)保體系，他們聯(lián)合中央和地方政府共同分擔(dān)擔(dān)保和再擔(dān)保的風(fēng)險。Keywords：SME(small and medium—sized enterprises)，credit guarantee system，credit guarantee fund1 IntroductionThe present situation of credit guarantee system in China China’s SME credit guarantees posed of One Body and Two Wings．One body refers to the city, provincial and national credit guarantee system．National SME credit re—guarantee institutions make services for the provincial SME credit guarantee institutions；provincial SME credit guarantee institutions offers services for the city SME credit guarantee agencies and city SME credit guarantee institutions do services and business for munity mutual institutions and mercial guarantee institutions．“Two Wings”refers to the mutual guarantee agencies and mercial guarantee agencies which make service for SME in urban and rural munities．Both are the foundation of SME engaging in direct guarantee business．Commercial guarantee agencies and mutual guarantee institutions enjoy the re—guarantee services and share the risk provided by SME agencies in accordance with state regulation and provision．1．介紹