托?！皭偂白x實例—tpo閱讀文章分析精講(存儲版)
【正文】 or real) kinship relationships說階級差異不明顯了什么的。第一段說明貿(mào)易是中東支柱，原因之后分別說明這樣的經(jīng)濟狀況在中東造成的四個影響三、確定文章大意中東貿(mào)易是中東地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟支柱，對中東的影響是階級差異淡化、自主管理制度發(fā)展、人們形成普遍的道德立場以及中東帝國政權(quán)不穩(wěn)定。還出現(xiàn)和第一段首句相似的開頭說明Reliance on trade had several important consequences. 確定段落大意：引入貿(mào)易帶來影響四→中東帝國政權(quán)不穩(wěn)定。due to, led to等詞顯示作者是分析了一些貿(mào)易繁盛的原因的。Trade and the Ancient Middle EastTrade was the mainstay of the urban economy in the Middle East, as caravans negotiated the surrounding desert, restricted only by access to water and by mountain ranges. This has been so since ancient times, partly due to the geology of the area, which is mostly limestone and sandstone, with few deposits of metallic ore and other useful materials. Ancient demands for obsidian (a black volcanic rock useful for making mirrors and tools) led to trade with Armenia to the north, while jade for cutting tools was brought from Turkistan, and the precious stone lapis lazuli was imported from Afghanistan. One can trace such expeditions back to ancient Sumeria, the earliest known Middle Eastern civilization. Records show merchant caravans and trading posts set up by the Sumerians in the surrounding mountains and deserts of Persia and Arabia, where they traded grain for raw materials, such as timber and stones, as well as for metals and gems.Reliance on trade had several important consequences. Production was generally in the hands of skilled individual artisans doing piecework under the tutelage of a master who was also the shop owner. In these shops differences of rank were b
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