【正文】
ischarge shall be effective on such date.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:對(duì)于此條款的理解,承包商在提交最終報(bào)表時(shí),要盡量提交一份結(jié)清單,并且要注明該清單生效的條件,這是對(duì)承包商自己利益的保護(hù),避免了業(yè)主不能給承包商全部結(jié)清工程款所帶來的不必要的麻煩。 Value EngineeringThe Contractor shall not make any alteration and/or modification of the Permanent Works, unless and until the engineer instructs or approves a Variation. The Contractor may, at any time, submit to the Engineer a written proposal which (in the Contractor’s opinion) will, if adopted, (i) accelerate pletion, (ii) improve the efficiency or value to the Employer of the pleted Works, or (iii) improve the efficiency or value to the Employer of the pleted Works, or (iv) otherwise be of benefit to the Employer.The proposal shall be prepared at the cost of the Contractor and shall include the items listed in SubClause (Variation Procedure).If a proposal, which is approved by the Engineer, includes a change in the design of part of the Permanent Works, then unless otherwise agreed by both Parties: (a) the Contractor shall design this part,(b) Subparagraphs (a) to (d) of SubClause (Contractor’s General Obligations ) shall apply, and (c) if this change results in a reduction in the contract value of this part, the Engineer shall proceed in accordance with SubClause (Determinations) to agree or determine a fee, which shall be included in the Contract Price. This fee shall be half (50%) of the difference between the following amounts: (i) such reduction in contract value, resulting from the change, excluding adjustment under SubClause (Adjustments for Changes in Cost), and (ii) the reduction (if any) in the value to the Employer of the varied works, taking account of any reductions in quality, anticipated life or operational efficiencies. However, if amount (i) is less than amount (ii), there shall not be a fee.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:本條款為“價(jià)值工程”,是在新版FIDIC合同中新加入的條款,有利于承包商的利益,但是涉及到承包商運(yùn)用增加建議法進(jìn)行報(bào)價(jià),需要承包商有很高的資質(zhì)進(jìn)行報(bào)價(jià),承包商在其中可以得到相應(yīng)的利益,業(yè)主也可以獲得應(yīng)得的報(bào)酬,這是一個(gè)雙贏的條款。 Payments to nominated SubcontractorsThe Contractor shall pay to the nominated Subcontractor the amounts which the Engineer certifies to be due in accordance with the Subcontract. These amounts plus other charges shall be included in the Contract Price in accordance with subparagraph (b) of SubClause (Provisional Sums), except as stated in SubClause (Evidence of Payments). 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:本條款中,明確指出指定分包商的工程款額應(yīng)由承包商支付,但是必須有資料證明該指定分包商已經(jīng)按照合同規(guī)定完成工程的有關(guān)工作,否則當(dāng)承包商提出證據(jù)證明指定分包商的工作不合格后,分包商可以拒絕支付該工程款額。 Contract AgreementThe Parties shall enter into a Contract Agreement within 28 days after the Contractor receives the Letter of Acceptance, unless they agree otherwise. The Contract Agreement shall be based upon the form annexed to the Contract Documents. The costs of stamp duties and similar charges (if any) imposed by law in connection with entry into the Contract Agreement shall be borne by the Employer. 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:承包商在收到中標(biāo)函后的28天內(nèi)雙方必須簽訂合同協(xié)議書,在這28天內(nèi),原則上雙方不可以對(duì)合同做本質(zhì)性的更改,且承包商必須提供履約保函,以保證業(yè)主的權(quán)益,以避免承包商的違約行為,在這28天內(nèi)雙方可能會(huì)發(fā)生很多的事情。 Insuring Party附錄內(nèi)容:All risks and Third Party Liability Employer in joint nameContractor’s Plant and Equipment – Contractor Contractor’s Personnel and Statutory Worker Compensation Insurance Contractor.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:在投標(biāo)附錄中規(guī)定,所有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和第三方責(zé)任險(xiǎn)由業(yè)主負(fù)責(zé),承包商設(shè)備設(shè)施由承包商投保,承包商人員和工程勞動(dòng)力由承包商投保,在此條款看來,承包商需要承擔(dān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比較多,需要投保的設(shè)施和人員比較多,但是承包商必須這么做,因?yàn)檫@些都是跟承包商利益相關(guān)的,業(yè)主的責(zé)任是第三方責(zé)任險(xiǎn),業(yè)主也同樣有責(zé)任,所以,在保險(xiǎn)這一方面,雙方都有著各自的責(zé)任,都不能拒絕執(zhí)行,在工程中,保險(xiǎn)是在工程事故發(fā)生后能夠?yàn)楦鞣綔p少壓力,解決事情的一個(gè)途徑,如果工程的任何風(fēng)險(xiǎn)都有保險(xiǎn)公司參與,我想工程的進(jìn)展肯定會(huì)比現(xiàn)在的狀況要好,所以工程上的所有保險(xiǎn)都是有利于投保方的,工程的每一個(gè)參與方都應(yīng)該積極的參與,盡量避免自己的損失。 Interim Payments附錄內(nèi)容:In accordance with the Conditions of Contract風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:在投標(biāo)函附錄中說明,工程的期中支付按照合同中的規(guī)定執(zhí)行,合同中對(duì)于期中支付的規(guī)定如下:承包商應(yīng)按工程師批準(zhǔn)的格式在每個(gè)月末之后向工程師提交一式六份報(bào)表,詳細(xì)說明承包商認(rèn)為自己有權(quán)得到的款額,同時(shí)提交各證明文件,【進(jìn)度報(bào)告】,提交當(dāng)月進(jìn)度情況的詳細(xì)報(bào)告;在證明文件中,對(duì)于已完工程的估算價(jià)值應(yīng)該根據(jù)條款12以及投標(biāo)函附錄中對(duì)于價(jià)格調(diào)整的規(guī)定進(jìn)行估算,這一條款與新版FIDIC合同比較相似,承包商沒有什么風(fēng)險(xiǎn),對(duì)于承包商和業(yè)主都是比較公平的,如果現(xiàn)實(shí)的工程與理論估計(jì)的有所不一樣的時(shí)候,承包商與業(yè)主可以再就實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行商談。 Total advance payment附錄內(nèi)容:Not applicable風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:,但是前提是在頭便函附錄中沒有約束,在本投標(biāo)函附錄中,明確說到?jīng)]有工程預(yù)付款,那么承包商就不能在業(yè)主這里得到工程的預(yù)付款,業(yè)主也就沒有義務(wù)為承包商提供預(yù)付款,那么對(duì)于工程而言,工程的啟動(dòng)資金就只有承包商自己承擔(dān)了,這就需要承包商有很大的財(cái)力支持,所以說本工程合同對(duì)于承包商的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)很大,承包商在業(yè)主那里得到的利益就很少,承包商需要承擔(dān)的經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就很大,如果融資的話,利息都需要自己支付,不能在業(yè)主那里得到預(yù)付款的支持,承包商在控制工程的過程中就只能靠自己了,所以說這條條款也是不利于承包商的。 Normal working hours附錄內(nèi)容:24 hours each day, 7 days per week風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:在投標(biāo)函附錄本條的規(guī)定中,業(yè)主明確的指出了正常的工作時(shí)間是每天24個(gè)小時(shí),一個(gè)星期7天,很明顯,這條合同規(guī)定的內(nèi)容是不人道的,無論是國外還是國內(nèi),每天的工作時(shí)間都不可能是24小時(shí),而且也不可能沒有休息日,所以,承包商必須跟業(yè)主進(jìn)行協(xié)商,24小時(shí)的工作時(shí)間是幾班倒,還是有加班費(fèi),對(duì)于法律規(guī)定的節(jié)假日如何進(jìn)行工作也必須進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的說明;此外,對(duì)于勞動(dòng)力是全部雇傭本地勞動(dòng)力,還是從承包商的國家雇傭都必須說明,中國對(duì)于勞動(dòng)時(shí)間是有明確規(guī)定的,如果是當(dāng)?shù)氐膭趧?dòng)力,承包商就必須很了解當(dāng)?shù)氐姆煞ㄒ?guī)對(duì)工作時(shí)間的規(guī)定,以免對(duì)工程造成影響。 Currency of Contract附錄內(nèi)容:Vietnam Dong ( VND)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:本工程一切支付款額適用的貨幣都是越南盾,對(duì)于這種貨幣承包商必須了解它的匯率的變動(dòng),向當(dāng)?shù)劂y行或者國際的其他金融機(jī)構(gòu)了解它的漲幅變動(dòng)率,越南盾匯率的變化將會(huì)影響承包商利潤(rùn)的大小,所以既然工程的貨幣形式已經(jīng)確定,那么承包商就必須做好貨幣匯率變化的預(yù)測(cè),以免損害自己的利益,增大子自己的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。合同風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析1 投標(biāo)函附錄的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析 Employer’s name and address,Contractor’s name and address,Engineer39。 Defects Notification Period附錄內(nèi)容:24 Calendar from practical pletion date .風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:本工程合同的缺陷責(zé)任期是24個(gè)月,在新版FIDIC合同中缺陷責(zé)任期是12個(gè)月,所以說本工程中,業(yè)主把自己的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)都轉(zhuǎn)移到了承包商的身上,增大了承包商的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),缺陷責(zé)任期的延長(zhǎng),增加了承包商的人員以及設(shè)備的維護(hù)費(fèi)用,并且增加了工程的責(zé)任時(shí)間,24個(gè)月的缺陷責(zé)任期是業(yè)主大大的減少了責(zé)任,也使業(yè)主獲得了一定的時(shí)間,減少了維修的費(fèi)用,所以承包商應(yīng)該和業(yè)主協(xié)商,或者在報(bào)價(jià)上抬高報(bào)價(jià),畢竟業(yè)主把屬于他的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移到了自己的身上,抬高報(bào)價(jià)是一種方式,如果能降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn),最好還是與業(yè)主協(xié)商,縮短缺陷責(zé)任期的期限,這也是對(duì)業(yè)主降低成本的一種考慮。 Contractor’s Representative附錄內(nèi)容:Details to be submitted to the Engineer for approval within 01 day after signing the Letter of Acceptance.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:承包商在簽訂中標(biāo)函后一天內(nèi)必須把承包商人員及代表的詳細(xì)情況提交工程師進(jìn)行審批,所以承包商必須按照合同的規(guī)定及時(shí)的進(jìn)行提交,如果延誤了就是承包商的責(zé)任,承包商必須承擔(dān)責(zé)任,所以說這是承包商的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),承包商必須很好的把握時(shí)間,以最大程度的降低自己的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 Adjustment for changes in Cost附錄內(nèi)容:Not applicable風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:,任何成本的變化都不予調(diào)整,所有成本造價(jià)的上升或者下降都已經(jīng)包括在合同總價(jià)中,而且所有的工程變更的決定或者調(diào)整都由工程師決定,同時(shí)所有的工程變更都必須包含在合同價(jià)款中,這也就把承包商的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增大了,工程中任何的成本造價(jià)的調(diào)整都不予批準(zhǔn),而且變更都是由工程師決定或者批準(zhǔn)的,對(duì)于承包商而言,工程的成本不給于調(diào)整,對(duì)于承包商的資金有一些限制,不利于承包商的資金安排,承包商應(yīng)該與業(yè)主進(jìn)行協(xié)商,爭(zhēng)取可以得到一些關(guān)于工程成本變動(dòng)的調(diào)整。 Limit of retention money附錄內(nèi)容:5 % of the Accepted Contract Amount風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:在這里規(guī)定了保留金的上限,保留金的款額是合同價(jià)格的5%,這與新版FIDIC合同的規(guī)定是一樣的,承包商沒有什么風(fēng)險(xiǎn),對(duì)于雙方都是比較合理的,雙方都能做到合理的安排資金的使用情況。最終支付是業(yè)主和承包商進(jìn)行最后的工程結(jié)算的時(shí)候,業(yè)主和承包商都應(yīng)該提供相應(yīng)的證據(jù)證明自己應(yīng)該得到該項(xiàng)工程款或自己不應(yīng)該支付該項(xiàng)工程款,如果有異議可以進(jìn)行協(xié)商,仲裁或者訴訟,但是不建議進(jìn)行仲裁和訴訟,能協(xié)商解決的最好雙方協(xié)商解決,以便于盡快的解決工程的所有問題,做到互不耽誤。 The documents forming the Contract are to be taken as mutu