【正文】
所以,承包商如果想得到工程預(yù)付款,首先必須提交銀行保函,而且要明確業(yè)主提供預(yù)付款的的時(shí)間與次數(shù),以便于調(diào)整自己的資金安排,盡量最可能的使資金利用率達(dá)到最大。 Commencement of Works The Engineer shall give the Contractor not less than 7 days’ notice of Commencement Date. Unless otherwise stated in the Particular Conditions, the Commencement Date shall be within 42 days after the Contractor receives the Letter of Acceptance. 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:在本條款中,指出了工程師和承包商雙方的責(zé)任和義務(wù),其中工程師應(yīng)該在開工前至少7天通知承包商,以便于承包商準(zhǔn)備開工的有關(guān)工作,如果工程師沒有履行,則承包商可以理解為開工延遲,對(duì)于設(shè)備、材料等增加的費(fèi)用,可以根據(jù)索賠條款向業(yè)主進(jìn)行索賠;此外,如果合同的專用條件中沒有明確說明,承包商應(yīng)該在接到中標(biāo)函后的42天內(nèi)開工,否則,則視為承包商違約,要承擔(dān)違約責(zé)任。 Objection to Nomination The Contractor shall not be under any obligation to employ a nominated Subcontractor against whom the Contractor raises reasonable objection by notice to the engineer as soon as practicable, with supporting particulars. An objection shall be deemed reasonable if it arises from (among other things) any of the following matters, unless the Employer aggress to indemnify the contractor against and from the consequences of the matter: a) there are reasons to believe that the Subcontractor (except for nominated Subcontractor named in the Contract) does not have sufficient petence, resources or financial strength, justified on the available known facts at the time of instruction in employing the Subcontractor。在業(yè)主的角度考慮的話,業(yè)主是為了自己能夠減少一些風(fēng)險(xiǎn),從而在合同條款中對(duì)承包商提出了一些不合理的要求,但是在他提出眾多的不合理的要求時(shí),業(yè)主就已經(jīng)把自己的工程造價(jià)提高了,如果承包商為了盈利,他一定會(huì)抬高報(bào)價(jià),每一個(gè)承包商都一樣,都不希望自己的利益受到損失,所以總體而言,一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的承包商對(duì)于這樣的條款肯定會(huì)抬高報(bào)價(jià)或者不承包工程,作為一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的業(yè)主,如果他能夠?yàn)樽约合氲脑?,在合同中有些屬于自己的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就不能強(qiáng)加給承包商,所以從投標(biāo)函附錄來看,這個(gè)合同的條款是有些不合理的,很大程度上損害了承包商的利益。 Payment of Retention附錄內(nèi)容:(50%) First moiety of retention will be paid after 14 days of issuance of Taking Over Certificate under clause (50%) Second moiety of retention will be paid after 56 days of issuance of Performance Certificate.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:在本投標(biāo)附錄中規(guī)定到,保留金的第一個(gè)50%是在頒發(fā)了竣工證書后的14天內(nèi)支付給承包商,保留金的第二個(gè)50%實(shí)在頒發(fā)了履約保函后的56內(nèi)支付給承包商,這個(gè)與新版的FIDIC合同是一樣的,承包商和業(yè)主都不存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn),機(jī)會(huì)都是平等的,總的來說,業(yè)主對(duì)于保留金的支付還是比較合理,比較人道的,不會(huì)影響承包商的利益。如果頒發(fā)的接收證書只是限于一個(gè)區(qū)段或工程的一部分,則應(yīng)就相應(yīng)百分比的保留金開具證書并給予支付。 Maximum amount of delay damages附錄內(nèi)容:Not applicable風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:在投標(biāo)附錄中規(guī)定的工程延誤費(fèi)用的支付是沒有上限的,也就是說無論承包商延誤多少天,%,所以承包商不能過多的延誤,假設(shè)有上限的話,超過一定的天數(shù)達(dá)到規(guī)定的上限,在延誤多少天也就不再支付延誤費(fèi)用,但是超過合同中規(guī)定的一定天數(shù),業(yè)主就有權(quán)終止合同,所以承包商應(yīng)該知道自己的延誤上限,但是作為承包商盡量還是不要延誤工程的進(jìn)度,承包商為的是得到錢,業(yè)主為的是得到工程,雙方都是有各自的目的,沒有延誤上限的話,對(duì)于承包商而言風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比較大,如果有上限的話,對(duì)于業(yè)主而言,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比較大。 Amount of Performance Security附錄內(nèi)容:10% the Accepted Contract Amount, in the currencies and proportions in which the Contract Price is payable. Validity shall be from 14 days after receiving the Letter of Acceptance until the date of issue of the Performance Certificate.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:對(duì)于承包商提交的履約保證金的金額,本合同是合同價(jià)格的10%,但是在新版FIDIC合同中規(guī)定的是中標(biāo)函的5%,這也就是說,本工程的履約保證金的金額比較大,對(duì)于承包商的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比較大,也不利于承包商的資金安排,履約保證金是業(yè)主要求承包商為保證其履行合同的提交的款額,履約保證金過多意味著承包商把自己過多的錢給了業(yè)主,業(yè)主反過來就可以利用承包商的錢為自己謀求了利益,所以作為承包商而言,應(yīng)該與業(yè)主進(jìn)行有效的溝通,盡可能降低履約保證金的金額,以降低自己的資金風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 SEAH Vietnam 9th level – OSIC Building08 Nguyen Hue Street, District 1 , H o Chi Minh city , Vietnam Tel : 84 8 8238 297 Fax: 84 8 8238 197.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:在本合同的投標(biāo)函附錄中,工料測(cè)量師是業(yè)主委托的另一家公司,和工程師合作,對(duì)工程進(jìn)行價(jià)值的估算或者測(cè)量的確定,測(cè)量工程師的公司也屬于越南的本地公司,對(duì)于工程的估算是受業(yè)主的委托,屬于專業(yè)的估算公司,承包商可以對(duì)其公司的資質(zhì)進(jìn)行調(diào)查,以便于了解工程估算的真實(shí)性,但是也不能排除業(yè)主和供料測(cè)量師的“幕后工作”,承包商在這個(gè)方面的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就比較大,承包商應(yīng)該適當(dāng)?shù)目刂谱约旱娘L(fēng)險(xiǎn)。s name and address:RSP Architects Planners amp。 Ruling language附錄內(nèi)容:English風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:本工程以及本合同適用的語言均是英語,但是在工程的圖紙上標(biāo)注的是英語和越南語,對(duì)于中國的承包商來說,這兩種語言都是陌生的,但是國際通用的是英語,所以要求在工程的施工和管理等階段,承包商必須派出最有經(jīng)驗(yàn),精通英語的承包商人員,要做到能與業(yè)主或者工程師進(jìn)行有效的溝通,對(duì)于這條投標(biāo)函附錄來說,業(yè)主和承包商都是平等的,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也是平等的,需要的就是雙方都必須熟悉的掌握英語交流,符合合同的規(guī)定。 Submission of Programme附錄內(nèi)容:Within 14 days after receiving Letter of Acceptance 。 Currencies and proportions附錄內(nèi)容:100% in VND風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:在投標(biāo)函附錄中規(guī)定到本工程用到的所有貨幣都是越南盾,作為承包商來說就必須了解越南盾與人民幣的匯率轉(zhuǎn)換的變化情況,要時(shí)時(shí)注意越南盾的匯率變化,因?yàn)楣こ痰墓て谑?2個(gè)月,工期比較長,越南盾的變化可能性比較大,所以承包商應(yīng)該向世界銀行或者有威望的金融機(jī)構(gòu)了解以往越南盾的匯率變化,以便于在投標(biāo)報(bào)價(jià)的時(shí)候可以提高報(bào)價(jià),降低自己的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),避免損失過多而影響自己的利潤。 Plant and Materials intended for the works附錄內(nèi)容:Not Applicable風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:在投標(biāo)函附錄中,規(guī)定到用于永久工程的永久材料和設(shè)備不被提供,【Plant and Materials intended for the Works】中所提到的一切情況也就不適用了,承包商不能夠得到這部分的支持,對(duì)于自己壓力就比較大,就需要承包商自己解決,或者與業(yè)主協(xié)商,為自己獲得一點(diǎn)材料或者設(shè)備的支持。 Settlement of dispute附錄內(nèi)容:In accordance with the Rules and Regulations of the Relevant Competent Court in Vietnam under the Laws of Vi etnam. The place of adjudication shall be in Vietnam.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:在投標(biāo)函附錄中規(guī)定,雙方最終解決問題的地方是越南的法院,而且在合同中規(guī)定,如果存在DAB,工程師可以扮演DAB組織里的一名成員,如果業(yè)主要替換工程師,那么業(yè)主必須向DAB提供自己關(guān)于替換工程師的詳細(xì)意見。 Instruction of the EngineerThe Engineer may issue to the contractor (at any time) instructions and additional or modified Drawings which may be necessary for the execution of the Works and the remedying of any defects, all in a accordance with the Contract. The Contractor shall only take instructions from the Engineer, or from an assistant to whom the appropriate authority has been delegated under this Clause. If an instruction constitutes a Variation, Clause 13 (Variations and Adjustments) shall apply. 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:在此條款中,工程師可以在任何時(shí)間向承包商發(fā)出工程有關(guān)修復(fù)等工作的變更指示,這里的任何時(shí)候也就是說是任何時(shí)間里都可以,它與合同中所說的“合理的時(shí)間”有所區(qū)別,合理的時(shí)間是指在沒有特殊情況下的正常時(shí)間,這要根據(jù)具體情況具體分析。 Rates or Wages and Conditions of LabourThe Contractor shall pay rates of wages, and observe conditions of labour, which are not lower than those established for the trade or industry where the work is carried out. If no established rates or conditions are applicable, the contractor shall pay rates of wages and observe conditions which are not lower than the general level of wages and conditions observed locally by employers whose trade or industry is similar to that of the Contractor.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析:在此條款中,對(duì)于勞動(dòng)力人員的支付,其風(fēng)險(xiǎn)全部轉(zhuǎn)移給了承包商,承包商必須在進(jìn)行施工前,認(rèn)真調(diào)查當(dāng)?shù)貏趧?dòng)力的價(jià)格以及當(dāng)?shù)貙?duì)于外來勞動(dòng)力是否有要求,所以承包商在報(bào)價(jià)時(shí)應(yīng)該認(rèn)真了解當(dāng)?shù)氐那闆r,不然可能會(huì)有很大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),造成不必要的損失。但是,在本條款中缺少(a)條內(nèi)容,則說明承包商可以少做一項(xiàng)工作,但是當(dāng)出現(xiàn)問題時(shí)是否可以免除自己的責(zé)任,那就要看雙方的協(xié)商了。 DischargeWhen submitting the Final Statement, the Contractor shall submit a written discharge which confirms that the total of the Final Statement represents full and final settlement of all moneys due to the Contractor under or in connection with the Contract. This discharge may state that it bees effective when the Contractor has received the Performance Security and the outstanding balance of the total, in which even this d