【正文】 uld )+動詞原形.Li Lei is now in a new jacket. He looks as if he were an American boy. (現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)The girl is giving us a vivid description of the moon. It seems as if she had been to the moon many times. （與過去事實(shí)相反）It looks as if it might rain. （與將來事實(shí)相反）但是，如果as if/though引導(dǎo)的表語從句所表示的與事實(shí)相符，從句則用陳述語氣。He has bee what he wanted to be ten years ago. 他已經(jīng)成為了他10年前想成為的。當(dāng)“及物動詞 + 賓語”較短時(shí)，也可用這種結(jié)構(gòu)。 noted。 surprising。 wonderful。(當(dāng)what引導(dǎo)的主語從句表示“…的東西”時(shí)，一般不用it作形式主語。That you will win the medal seems unlikely. 你想獲得獎牌看起來是不可能的。 如：The thought came to him that Tom might have returned the book.（二）引導(dǎo)詞1. The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.2. He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there. 3. The question who should do the work is being discussed at the meeting.4. I have no idea what the boy is doing in the next room now.5. We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation this year.6. I have no idea how I can get to the railway station. 7. I have no idea when he will be back．小結(jié)：① that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)無詞義，也不充當(dāng)任何成分，但通常不可以省略，如句1；② whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)意為“是否”，通常不能用if來代替, 如句2。以the way為先行詞的定語從句通常由in which, that引導(dǎo)，而且通常可以省略。s wedding.另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思 his brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時(shí)可省略。） 　 難點(diǎn)so+形容詞或副詞 so+形+a(an)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 so +many /few+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 so +much/ little+不可數(shù)名詞 so…that與such…that皆可引導(dǎo)目的地狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句。但如果不是說明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for。 知識擴(kuò)展1. It is …since 從….以來多長時(shí)間了It is five years since we met last time.2. It is …+before…(。例如： I worked until he came 。(從句的動作發(fā)生在主句之后，只能用when,并要注意時(shí)態(tài))He was about to leave, when the telephone rang.他正要離開，忽然電話響了。（as表示“一邊……一邊”） As we was going out, it began to snow. 當(dāng)我們出門時(shí)，開始下雪了。例如： When she came in, I stopped eating. 她進(jìn)來時(shí)，我在吃飯。一．時(shí)間狀語從句：在一個(gè)句子中作時(shí)間狀語的句子。如：　　He told me (that)they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. “是否（有，能，已經(jīng)……）”等一般疑問句的含義?！　。?）兩個(gè)表示陳述意義的賓語從句并列時(shí)，有時(shí)省去第一個(gè)從句的連詞that，但第二個(gè)從句的連詞that一般不可以省略。狀語的功用：狀語說明地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴隨狀況等，根據(jù)狀語的功能狀語從句可分為：時(shí)間狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、條件狀語從句。并且when有時(shí)表示“就在那時(shí)”。例如： We always sing as we walk. 我們總是邊走邊唱。( 從句動作發(fā)生在主句之前，注意時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)，只能用when )When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.(當(dāng))我到了電影院時(shí)，電影已經(jīng)開演了。并且要注意的是：如果主句中的謂語動詞是瞬時(shí)動詞時(shí)，必須用否定形式；如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞時(shí)，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表達(dá)的意思不同。例如： It is five months since our boss was in 。 　 I didn’t go, because I was afraid. 　 Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 2）由because引導(dǎo)的從句如果放在句末，且前面有逗號，則可以用for來代替。 so nice a flower　such a nice flower　 　　 so many / few flowers　 such nice flowers　　　so many people　 such a lot of people　 　 （ so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 雖相當(dāng)于 many，但 a lot of 為名詞性的，只能用such搭配。 指物，先行詞為物,在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時(shí)可省略This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that 指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。（他還有其他的哥哥）(1) he married her, as/which was natural.(2) he was honest, as/which we can see.2. as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一個(gè)主句；which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。this is the same book as i lost last week.注意：當(dāng)先行次由the same修飾時(shí)，偶爾也用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，但是和由as 所引導(dǎo)的定語從句意思不同 she wore the same dress that she wore at mary39。她穿著和她妹妹所穿的一樣的裙子。They were delighted at the news that their team had won.有時(shí)同位語從句可以不緊跟在被說明的名詞后面，而被別的詞隔開。主語從句1 由連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句: 引導(dǎo)詞that無含義,在句中不做成分,不可以省。That light travels in straight lines is known to all.=It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.眾所周知光沿直線傳播。 good。 worthwhile。 hoped。 found out,etc.。）連系動詞通常不用于被動語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中。(3)as if/though“好像”，引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)要注意語態(tài).如果句中的情況與事實(shí)不相符，從句多用虛擬語氣。Tom is no longer what he used to be. (what做表語)The problem is who is fit for this job. (who做主語)This is what I want to tell you. (what做賓語)The problem is whose work is the best. (whose做定語)：when/where/how/why，在表語從句中做狀語。(why 在定語從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語) (2) That is because(表語從句強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果)三. The reason (why…/for…)is /was that…. 四. 使用虛擬語氣的表語從句在表示建議、勸告、命令、計(jì)劃含義的名詞后的表語從句，謂語動詞需用“should+動詞原形”表示虛擬語氣，should可省略。That is because I got up late. 這是因?yàn)槲移鸫策t了。The reason is that he got up late.Why he is