【正文】 conglomeration 集團(tuán)化，混合物，凝聚：The state of being conglomeratedeconomies of scale 規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)；因經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模擴(kuò)大而得到的經(jīng)營(yíng)節(jié)約oligopoly 寡頭式的壟斷，求過(guò)于供的市場(chǎng)情況（oligopolies）globalization 全球化：globalizeaudience fragmentation 受眾分析：（audience：聽眾，觀眾，讀者。前者主動(dòng)地傳播信息，后者被動(dòng)地接受信息。 Noble, Borders, and BooksAMillion.w Hot TopicThe power of puterAdvantage：Gather and store information，Process problems，Control working process，Design new products，Help manage hotels, schools, hospitals, banks and so on，TeachingDisadvantage：Violation of privacy，Computer crime，Unemployment，Lack of social interaction，Hackers，Porn，Make people lazy and dependent Chapter Three Newspapersw Key Wordsexecutive editor 執(zhí)行編輯（executive 執(zhí)行的、行政的；執(zhí)行者、經(jīng)理主管人員）front page 頭版（front 前面、開頭、前線；面對(duì)、朝向）newsstand 報(bào)攤、雜志攤subscription 訂閱（量）（捐獻(xiàn)、訂金、簽署、同意；subscriber） (annual subscription 年度訂閱，全年定費(fèi)；bulk subscriptions 大批訂閱)newsworthy 新聞價(jià)值；有報(bào)導(dǎo)價(jià)值的（news 新聞、消息、新聞報(bào)導(dǎo)；foreign news。 whether they are to have any property they call their own。 Current MethodProblem not resolvedTrend in the futureMy interest and opinion Chapter Four Magazinesonline magazine 在線雜志pictorial magazines 畫刊 newsstands 報(bào)攤targeted audience 目標(biāo)受眾 split runs 專門特刊circulation 發(fā)行量 subscription 訂閱singlecopy sale 單冊(cè)零售 controlled circulation 贈(zèng)閱發(fā)行webzines 網(wǎng)絡(luò)雜志 brand magazine 品牌雜志cable television 有線電視ad revenues 廣告收益online magazine 在線雜志 readership 讀者人數(shù)，讀者的身份 pictorial magazines 畫刊（pictorial 圖示的，畫報(bào)） newsstands 報(bào)攤，雜志攤 targeted audience 目標(biāo)受眾 split runs 專門特刊 circulation 發(fā)行量 subscription 訂閱singlecopy sale 單冊(cè)零售controlled circulation 贈(zèng)閱發(fā)行webzines 網(wǎng)絡(luò)雜志 brand magazine 品牌雜志cable television 有線電視ad revenues 廣告收益direct mail 直接郵件，直接投遞廣告advertorials 報(bào)道式廣告plementary copy 補(bǔ)充性內(nèi)容Chapter Five Filmw Key Wordsexhibition ( 電影) 上映（表現(xiàn)，展覽會(huì)，顯示）zoopraxiscope 幻燈片放映機(jī) persistence of vision 視覺(jué)慣性 （persistence 堅(jiān)持，持續(xù)） kinetograph 活動(dòng)影像攝影機(jī) emulsion 感光劑 replica image 圖像復(fù)制品（replica 復(fù)制品） montage 蒙太奇 factory studio 攝影棚，一般指電影制片公司（studio 工作制，演播室，攝影棚） budget nights 特價(jià)夜場(chǎng)（budget 預(yù)算，做預(yù)算，廉價(jià)的） concept film 概念電影 sample audience 抽樣觀眾(sample 樣品, 例子；取樣，采樣，嘗試)franchise film 系列電影（franchise 特權(quán)） movie tiein product 置入電影的產(chǎn)品廣告（tiein 搭賣的，搭賣的廣告） product placement 置入式產(chǎn)品廣告，軟廣告的一種形式 theatrical film 劇場(chǎng)廣告（theatrical 戲劇性的） microcinema 微型影院 online videoondemand 在線視頻點(diǎn)播 paidfor messages 有償信息 w History of the MoviesEarly newspapers were developed by businesspeople and patriots for a small, politically involved elite that could read, but the early movie industry was built largely by entrepreneurs who wanted to make money entertaining everyone. Unlike television, whose birth and growth were predetermined and guided by the already wellestablished radio industry, there were no precedents, no rules, and no expectations for movies.w The early stageWhen people watched the rapidly projected, sequential slides, they saw the pictures as if they were in motion. This perception is the result of a physiological phenomenon known as persistence of vision.w The big studiosIn 1908 Thomas Edison, foreseeing the huge amounts of money that could be made from movies, founded the Motion Picture Patents Company, often called simply the Trust. The new studio system, with its more elaborate films and bigname stars, was born, and it controlled the movie industry.The industry prospered not just because of its artistry, drive, and innovation but because it used these to meet the needs of a growing audience.w Change es to HollywoodAs was the case with newspapers and magazines, the advent of television significantly altered the movieaudience relationship.The movie business also survived the Depression because of its size and power, both residing in a system of operation called vertical integration. Using this system, studios produced their own films, distributed them through their own outlets, and exhibited them in their own theaters. w Movies and Their AudiencesThe movies are “l(fā)arger than life”, and movie stars are much more glamorous than television stars.What bees of film as an important medium, say the movies’ defenders, is pletely dependent on us, the audience.w Scope and nature of the film industryThe movie business today enjoys financial health for two reasons. The first is improvements in its three ponent systemsproduction, distribution, and exhibition. The second, is that the movie industry has learned to live with television.Chapter Six Radio and Sound Recordingw Key wordssound recording 音響設(shè)備 electronic mass medium 電子媒介 national broadcast medium 全國(guó)廣播媒介 new and emerging 新興的 public radio 公共廣播 narrow defined audiences 細(xì)分受眾 telegraph code 電報(bào)編碼 pointtopoint munication 點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)傳播 radio telephone 無(wú)線電話 recorder player 留聲機(jī)，唱機(jī) soap operas 肥皂劇 listenership 聽眾數(shù)量 playlist 播放單 Internet piracy 網(wǎng)絡(luò)盜版 Web radio 在線廣播 Webonly radio 僅在線廣播 streaming