【正文】 n in the world first time the puter two most cores part logic units and the controller, used the large scale integrated circuit technology integration on together the chip, called it the microprocessor (MICROPROCESSOR), also might be called the central processing element (to be called CPU). The microprocessor is applied to 1974 in the numerical control system. This is because miniputer function too strong, controlled an engine bed ability to have wealthily (therefore once uses in controlling the multi Taiwan engine bed at that time, called it group control), was inferior to used the microprocessor economy to be reasonable. Moreover then small machine reliability was not ideal. The early microprocessor speed and the function although insufficiently are also high, but may solve through the multiprocessor structure. Because the microprocessor is the generalpurpose calculator core part, therefore still was called the puter numerical control. In 1990, PC machine (personal puter, domestic custom had called microputer) the performance has developed to the very high stage, may satisfiedly take the numerical control system core part the request. The numerical control system henceforth entered based on the PC stage. In brief, the puter numerical control stage has also experienced three generations. Namely 1970 fourth generation of miniputer。 Third is renovates, for increases the precision, the efficiency and the automaticity, to the machinery, the electricity partially carries on renovates, reassembles the processing to the machine part, extensively recovers the precision。 Is advantageous for the operation and the service. When engine bed numerical control transformation should meet the above requirements as far as possible. Cannot think the numerical control installment and the ordinary engine bed connects in has met the numerical control engine bed requirements together, but also should carry on the corresponding transformation to the major ponent to enable it to achieve the certain design request, can obtain the anticipated transformation goal. skids guide rail Said to the numerical control lathe that, the guide rail besides should have the conventional lathe guidance precision and the technology capability, but also must have good bears the friction, the attrition characteristic, and the reduction but sends the dead area because of the friction drag. At the same time must have the enough rigidity, by reduces the guide rail to distort to processes the precision the influence, must have the reasonable guide rail protection and the lubrication. gear The mon engine bed gear mainly concentrates in the headstock and the gear box. In order to guarantee the transmission precision, on the numerical control engine bed uses the gear precision class is all higher than the ordinary engine bed. Must be able to achieve the ceaseless transmission in the structure, thus transforms time, the engine bed main gear must satisfy the numerical control engine bed the request, by guarantees the engine bed processing precision. skids the guide screw and the ball bearing guide screw The guide screw transmission relates directly to the transmission chain precision. The guide screw selects mainly is decided requests and drives the torque request in the job precision. Is not used by job precision request Gao Shike skids the guide screw, but should inspect the original guide screw attrition situation, like the pitch error and the pitch accumulative error as well as matches the nut gap. The ordinary circumstances skid the guide screw to be supposed not to be lower than 6 levels, the nut gap oversized then replaces the nut. Uses skids the guide screw relative ball bearing guide screw price to be low, but satisfies the precision high ponents processing with difficulty. The ball bearing guide screw rubs loses slightly, the efficiency is high, its transmission efficiency may above 90%。 The transformation three axle has used the roller lead screw and the gear drive organization on the machinery. The entire transformation work including the machine design, the electrical design, the PLC procedure establishment and the debugging, the engine bed overhaul, finally is the entire machine installment and the debugging. After the milling machine transforms, processing effective stroke X/Y/The Z axis respectively is 。 The manual speed is 400mm/Min。 The smallest motion unit is .數(shù)控機床改造1 數(shù)控系統(tǒng)發(fā)展簡史及趨勢 1946年誕生了世界上第一臺電子計算機，這表明人類創(chuàng)造了可增強和部分代替腦力勞動的工具。 計算機數(shù)控（CNC）階段（1970年～現(xiàn)在） 　　到1970年，通用小型計算機業(yè)已出現(xiàn)并成批生產(chǎn)。 　　到了1990年，PC機的性能已發(fā)展到很高的階段，可以滿足作為數(shù)控系統(tǒng)核心部件的要求。 　向高速化和高精度化發(fā)展 　　這是適應機床向高速和高精度方向發(fā)展的需要。 可以加工出傳統(tǒng)機床加工不出來的曲線、曲面等復雜的零件。 由以上五條派生的好處。其本質是，采用信息技術對傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)（包括軍、民機械工業(yè)）進行技術改造。 可實現(xiàn)多工序的集中，減少零件 在機床間的頻繁搬運。（3）引入故障診斷專家系統(tǒng) 　（4）智能化數(shù)字伺服驅動裝置 　 可以通過自動識別負載，而自動調整參數(shù)，使驅動系統(tǒng)獲得最佳的運行。PC機所具有的友好的人機界面，將普及到所有的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)。早期的微處理器速度和功能雖還不夠高，但可以通過多處理器結構來解決。人們不得不采用數(shù)字邏輯電路搭成一臺機床專用計算機作為數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，被稱為硬件連接數(shù)控（HARDWIRED NC），簡稱為數(shù)控（NC）。 Maximum speed X/Y/The Z axis respectively is 3000/1000/600 mm/Min。 The transformation two axes have used the roller lead screw and with the ambulacrum transmission system on the machinery. Entire transformation work including machine design, electrical design, engine bed overhaul and entire machine installment and debugging. After the lathe transforms, processing effective stroke X/The Z axis respectively is 。s model。 Movement vice between friction coefficient small, the transmission is ceaseless。s engine bed transformation industry, also enters from the old profession to by the numerical control technology primarily new profession. In US, Japan, Germany, have the broad market with the numerical control technological transformations engine bed and the production line, has formed the engine bed and the production line numerical control transformation new profession. In US, the engine bed transformation industry is called the engine bed regeneration (Remanufacturing) industry. Is engaged in the regenera