【正文】 江漢大學(xué)機(jī)建學(xué)院2011年畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯The Numerical Control Engine Bed TransformsHarvey ackeyFirst numerical control system development summary brief history and tendency In 1946 the first electronic accounting machine was born in the world, this indicated the humanity created has been possible to strengthen and partially to replace the mental labor the tool. It with the humanity these which in the agriculture, the industry society created only is strengthens the physical labor the tool to pare, got up the quantitive leap, entered the information society for the humanity to lay the foundation. After 6 years, in 1952, puter technology applied to the engine bed , the first numerical control engine bed were born in US. From this time on, the traditional engine bed has had the archery target change. Since nearly half century, the numerical control system has experienced two stages and six generation of development. Numerical control (NC) stage (1952 ~ 1970) The early puter operating speed is low, was not big to then science putation and the data processing influence, but could not adapt the engine bed realtime control request. The people can not but use numeral logic circuit to build to bee an engine bed special purpose puter to take the numerical control system, is called the hardware connection numerical control (HARDWIRED NC), Jian Chengwei numerical control (NC). Along with the primary device development, this stage has had been through repeatedly three generations, namely 1952 first generation of electron tube。 1959 second generation of transistor。 1965 third generation small scale integration electric circuit. Computer numerical control (CNC) stage (in 1970 ~ present) In 1970, the general miniputer already appeared and the mass production. Thereupon transplants it takes the numerical control system the core part, from this time on entered the puter numerical control (CNC) the stage (which should have puter in front of the general two characters to abbreviate). In 1971, American INTEL Corporation in the world first time the puter two most cores part logic units and the controller, used the large scale integrated circuit technology integration on together the chip, called it the microprocessor (MICROPROCESSOR), also might be called the central processing element (to be called CPU). The microprocessor is applied to 1974 in the numerical control system. This is because miniputer function too strong, controlled an engine bed ability to have wealthily (therefore once uses in controlling the multi Taiwan engine bed at that time, called it group control), was inferior to used the microprocessor economy to be reasonable. Moreover then small machine reliability was not ideal. The early microprocessor speed and the function although insufficiently are also high, but may solve through the multiprocessor structure. Because the microprocessor is the generalpurpose calculator core part, therefore still was called the puter numerical control. In 1990, PC machine (personal puter, domestic custom had called microputer) the performance has developed to the very high stage, may satisfiedly take the numerical control system core part the request. The numerical control system henceforth entered based on the PC stage. In brief, the puter numerical control stage has also experienced three generations. Namely 1970 fourth generation of miniputer。 1974 five dynasties microprocessor and 1990 sixth generation (overseas was called PCBASED) based on PC. Also must point out, although overseas already renamed as the puter numerical control (namely CNC).　　Also must point out, although overseas already renamed as the puter numerical control (namely CNC), but our country still the custom called the numerical control (NC). Therefore we daily say numerical control, the materially already was refers to puter numerical control. the numerical control future will develop tendency open style continues to, to develop based on the PC sixth generation of direction The software and hardware resources has which based on PC are rich and so on the characteristic, the more numerical controls serial production factory can step onto this path. Uses PC machine to take at least its front end machine, processes the manmachine contact surface, the programming, the associationQuestion and so on net correspondence, undertakes the numerical control duty by the original system. PC machine has the friendly manmachine contact surface, will popularize to all numerical controls system. The longdistance munication, the longdistance diagnosis and the service will be more mon. approaches and the high accuracy development This is adapts the engine bed to be high speed and the high accuracy direction need to develop. develops to the intellectualized direction Along with the artificial intelligence in the puter domain unceasing seepage and the development, the numerical control system intellectualized degree unceasingly will enhance. (1) applies the adaptive control technology The numerical control system can examine in the process some important information, and the automatic control system related parameter, achieves the improvement system running status the goal. (2) introduces the expert system instruction processing The skilled worker and expert39。s experience, the processing general rule and the special rule store in the system, take the craft parameter database as the strut, the establishment has the artificial intelligence the expert system. (3) introduces the breakdown to diagnose the expert system (4) intellectualized numeral servo drive May through the automatic diagnosis load, but the automatic control parameter, causes the actuation system to obtain the best movement.Second, engine bed numerical control transformation necessity microscopic looks at the transformation the necessity From on microscopic looked below that, the numerical control eng