分子生物學(xué)第九章蛋白質(zhì)合成(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 在轉(zhuǎn)錄物中第 1個(gè)堿基 2’－ O位置上添加一個(gè)甲基，由 2’一甲基一轉(zhuǎn)移酶 催化。 ?順反子間區(qū) Eukaryotic mRNA is modified by addition of a cap to the 5’ end and poly(A) to the 3’ end. Translation of eukaryotic mRNA expression of mRNA in animal cells requires transcription, modification, processing, nucleocytoplasmic transport, and translation mRNA的表達(dá)需轉(zhuǎn)錄、修飾、加工、核質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)和翻譯 . ?真核生物 mRNA只占整個(gè)細(xì)胞RNA的一小部分（質(zhì)量的 3％）。 corresponds to the sequence between inverted repeats 反向重復(fù) in duplex DNA. Stem is the basepaired segment of a hairpin. Transfer RNA is the adapter A tRNA has the dual properties of an adaptor that recognizes both the amino acid and codon. The adenosine腺苷 at 3’ end is covalently linked to an amino acid. The anticodon base pairs with the codon on mRNA. The tRNA cloverleaf三葉草結(jié)構(gòu) has invariant不變的 and semiinvariant bases, and a conserved 保守的 set of base pairing interactions. Transfer RNA folds into a pact Lshaped tertiary structure 三級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu) with the amino acid at one end and the anticodon at the other end. A spacefilling model shows that tRNA tertiary structure is pact緊密的 . The two views of tRNA are rotated by 90o. Photograph kindly provided by S. H. Kim. The meaning of tRNA is determined by its anticodon and not by its amino acid. A ribosome consists of two subunits亞基 . Messenger RNA is translated by ribosomes 核糖體 A polyribosome多核糖體 consists of an mRNA being translated simultaneously by several ribosomes moving in the direction from 5’3’ . Each ribosome has two tRNA molecules, one carrying the nascent amino acid初生氨基酸 , the second carryi
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