【正文】 點(diǎn)：2．1建筑節(jié)能 以目前的建筑態(tài)勢(shì)來(lái)看，低能耗已經(jīng)成為生態(tài)建筑的重要標(biāo)志之一。那么，什么樣的建筑可稱之為生態(tài)建筑呢? 生態(tài)建筑是將建筑作為一個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，其內(nèi)部各種物質(zhì)能源有序的循環(huán)使用，因而獲得高效率、低能耗、少污染的建筑環(huán)境，并與自然相平衡，以此達(dá)到與自然的和諧共生。福斯特兩位建筑大師的生態(tài)建筑思想和作品的比較，來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)和理解生態(tài)建筑，最后希望借助兩位大師的突出成就來(lái)引起我國(guó)建筑師對(duì)生態(tài)建筑的重視和思考。1 生態(tài)建筑的概念 所謂生態(tài)建筑，就是根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)刈匀簧鷳B(tài)環(huán)境，運(yùn)用生態(tài)學(xué)、建筑技術(shù)科學(xué)的原理和其他相關(guān)學(xué)科知識(shí)，合理地安排并組織建筑與其他領(lǐng)域相關(guān)因素之間的關(guān)系，使其與環(huán)境形成一個(gè)有機(jī)結(jié)合的整體，且適合人類的棲居。2．3建筑資源再利用在整個(gè)世界的能源消耗中有50％是在建筑的建造、維護(hù)和使用中所消耗的，所以對(duì)資源的高效利用、循環(huán)利用和降低對(duì)自然環(huán)境的影響是建筑資源利用在生態(tài)建筑這一領(lǐng)域中有待迅速提高的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)。3托馬斯他的生態(tài)建筑思想是將人類和所有的人工制造物達(dá)到一個(gè)自然和人造自然的親切和睦的境地。托馬斯福斯特的生態(tài)建筑思想 在現(xiàn)今存在的一些對(duì)生態(tài)建筑的介紹以及許多建筑師對(duì)生態(tài)建筑的創(chuàng)作思路上，絕大多數(shù)集中在對(duì)建筑外部環(huán)境的物質(zhì)層面的利用和適應(yīng)上，如太陽(yáng)能、地下水的利用等等。因此，通過(guò)最高效的人工技術(shù)手段來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)以上目標(biāo)或達(dá)到各要素之間的平衡就成為福斯特不懈追求的方向。諾曼正如托馬斯 ■參考文獻(xiàn)刁文怡．法蘭克福商業(yè)銀行大廈．華中建筑，1999(3)：48—51．奚于成．建筑The interior design should try to return to nature, such as natural lighting,natural ventilation, use of solar energy, the ideal indoor green。 emphasized in man and nature,architecture and nature harmony on the basis of up to create a morefortable working and living environment of mankind。s, aesthetic orientation to achieve the perfect bination ofecology and art。 through the establishment of mechanisms to encourage and promote the development of ecobuilding . Many developed countries areor have already done so, and have achieved good results. ReferencesDiao Wenyi. Frankfurt Commercial Bank Building. Central building, 1999 (3):4851.Xi Yu cheng. Construction, ecological building, digital ecobuilding. Huazhong Architecture, 2005 (5) :6869.3 jin cheng. Ecological studies of Mistakes Architecture, 2001 (5): 184 Zheng Wei mai the ecological hightech construction. Huazhong Architecture 1999 5 wan yuan books of contemporary Western architectural aesthetics. Nanjing: Southeast University Press. 2 () 01.6 for Thomas Herzog Architecture +technology. Li Baofeng translated Beijing: China Architecture amp。 he stressed that ecoconstruction is not anarchitectural form, butEcology as an attitude and spirit throughout the design process and its life。 maximize natural ventilation (to reduce air conditioning energy consumption). However, under different climatic conditions different focus and approach of the above three elements. Thus, by the most efficient artificial means to achieve these objectives, or to achieve a balance between the various elements of Foster39。stheories and works of ecological buildings to learn and acknowledge ecological buildings，this articIe wants to stimuIate Chinese architect s’ attention and consideration of ecological buildingsby the Outstanding achievement of the two masters．Key Words Thomas Herzog，Norman Foster， EcologicaI building， Expressjon form of ecological building，Theory Of ecological bullding．Ecological estheticNow, with the people continue to enhance the prevention of environmental pollution and maintaining ecological balance awareness, as well as urban greening, increasing development, to create low energy, sustainable development of ecobuilding environment of the new building research, more and more attention and respected. So, what kind of building could be called ecobuildings? 1The concept of ecobuilding The socalled ecobuilding, according to the local natural environment, the use of the principle of ecology, building technology, science and other relevant subject knowledge, reasonably arrange and organize the relationship between buildings and other relevant factors in the field and the environment form an organic bination ofoverall, and suitable for human dwelling. Ecological building must meet the following four points: first, to be coordinated with the surrounding environment, and has protective effects on the surrounding ecological environment。結(jié)合我國(guó)自身的情況，筆者認(rèn)為可以從以下幾點(diǎn)去嘗試：一是加強(qiáng)生態(tài)意識(shí)及生態(tài)建筑的宣傳，從而喚起全民的重視，培養(yǎng)生態(tài)意識(shí)；二是組織生態(tài)建筑科研機(jī)構(gòu)，進(jìn)行生態(tài)建筑及其相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究和開發(fā)，為中國(guó)建筑師的實(shí)踐提供有力的支持；三在高校建筑學(xué)教育的大綱中增加生態(tài)建筑知識(shí)和設(shè)計(jì)課程的比重；四是通過(guò)建立機(jī)制來(lái)鼓勵(lì)和推動(dòng)生態(tài)建筑的發(fā)展。其實(shí)，中國(guó)也不乏適應(yīng)自然環(huán)境的建筑精品，如：西北的窯洞——純粹的綠色建筑，低能耗、低污染、冬暖夏涼、環(huán)境宜人，還有大草原上的氈房、新疆的風(fēng)塔等等。5．2不同點(diǎn)托馬斯福斯特除了以上關(guān)注點(diǎn)外還十分注重建筑物內(nèi)部的微觀氣候，他對(duì)建筑微觀氣候的關(guān)注可以具體歸納為三方面：一是適宜的室內(nèi)溫度和濕度(滿足人體熱舒適及健康的要求)；二是盡可能最多地獲得自然采光(減