【正文】 re maintaining social order。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 文化；禮貌；用語差異 A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Polite Language Introduction Politeness is a very important topic in modern linguistics. With the development of the study of linguistics, a lot of people lay the emphasis on the study of polite language. It can be observed in all languages and cultures as a social phenomenon, which plays an important role in individuals39。 When they are not sure if they can make the same request, he will use more indirect expression, (such conversation: It39。s studies show that people determine their own politeness level on the basis of the following three factors. First, the social distance between speaks and listeners. This greater the distance is, the higher the degree of politeness is. For example, people are more polite when they speakers to strangers than to their friends. Second, the distribution of powers between the two sides,it decides the degree of politeness,the greater the listener39。d mind posting this letter for me on your way home, John? The Chinese may say:”I don39。m sorry” when they are a couple of minutes late for an appointment or when they realize they are in somebody39。 it is different. For example:”妹妹 /弟弟 ” can39。s elder or superiors, more respectful expressions are used than people of equal or Low status”. It is customary to use terms of humility or selfeffacing expressions. Otherwise, the speaker would be said to be illmannered and, therefore, impolite. In taboos What needs stressing is that when dealing with human is indispensable to respect others and to be polite to others. But the ways and stresses to express one39。s opening wider to the outside world and the drive to modernization. Naturally, cultivating students39。s title or occupation. Such as 王經(jīng)理，王校長 , but one seldom hears English speaker addressing others as Manager Wang Principal Wang. In English, only a few occupations or titles could be used: Doctoris mon for those who has qualified in the medical profession. And Judgefor those authorized to try cases in law courts。m sorry”, but not excuse me. But the (這里缺冠詞 ) Chinese 對不起 can be used for both of these English expressions. In greetings and farewells It39。t think there39。t like to do it. This can only make the person expressing thanks embarrassed. In request and replies When we want to request somebody for something, Just said Yes or No is insufficient, we must makes a choice to accept or reject somebody39。m sorry to say) and partial agreement (Yes, in a way, but) before disagreeing with others. Sympathy maxim explains why congratulations and condolences are courteous speech acts. The signification of politeness39。請認真修改。文化不同，語用禮貌也會有所不同。 （設(shè)計）中的抄襲、剽竊、弄虛作假等違反學(xué)術(shù)規(guī)范的行為將嚴肅處理。 （設(shè)計）所使用的相關(guān)資料、數(shù)據(jù)、觀點等均真實可靠；無抄襲、剽竊或不正當引用他人學(xué)術(shù)觀點、思想和學(xué) 術(shù)成果，偽造、篡改數(shù)據(jù)的情況。禮貌與文化有著密切的關(guān)系。s fondness and importance of his particular linguistics device. Also, in culture of English and has the same social functions in these two different cultures, but they are different in practical use. 小孫，你論文的英語表達存在下例問題（見文中 黃色 字體部分）： 1）缺空格， 2）不應(yīng)空格而空格， 3）標點符號錯誤， 4）拼寫錯誤， 5）用詞錯誤， 6）語法錯誤， 7）語義表達不清 , 8）語義有邏輯錯誤， 9）觀點邏輯錯誤等問題。s better to express regret (I39。s my duty, he has to do it, but his real meaning is that he doesn39。 A: You look beautiful in your skirt. B: Thank you. .A: Whose hat do you like better, Mary’s or mine? B:I don39。s foot accidentally or colliding with others, it can only say sorry or I39。 personal names to address them. In short, names are the frequently used forms of address in English among family members and relatives. In addition, another mon Chinese form of address is the use of a person39。s home is private and sacred to him and no one should e in without permission. Here, privacy is sacredness itself. To ask question such as these mentioned above would be considered rushing or simply impolite. Sometimes we need to use euphemism in Chinese language, but it is not necessarily to use it in English. For example, about a feminine pregnanc y, the English regards as the news, even publicly discusses. And the girl also very happy, and said:” I’ll tell you something. I’m pregnant. Would you like to touch it?” A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Polite Language Conclusion The parison of pragmatic differences of politeness between Chinese and English demonstrates that this politeness phenomenon is universal in all cultures, but its expressions and implications are different from culture to culture. So a good understanding of pragmatic differences in politeness can undoubtedly contribute to the avoidance of pragmatic failures in crosscultural exchange so as to attain the goal in munication In recent years, China has seen an increase in the demand for foreign language education. As a matter of fact, English teaching as a FL has bee a key element in China39。s respect