【正文】 愿望。 與此句型容易混淆的還有一種結(jié)構(gòu) only if...,only 置于 if 前表示強調(diào) if 條件 ,意為 只要…… ,用于引導(dǎo)陳述語氣的真實條件句。had 。 Mr. and Mrs. Smith didn’ t expect the house _____ so well. A. to be decorated B. to decorate C. be decorated D. decorating A 動詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 如需指出不定式動作的發(fā)出者時（即邏輯主語時）要在不定式前用 for加名詞（或代詞）表示。 I never expected the shoes to be worn out so soon. 我從來沒想到鞋子這么快就穿破了。 get, leave 等詞也有 “讓 ”“叫 ”的意思，和使役動詞意思相近，但它們后面的不定式作賓語補足語必須要有 to。 以 be said, be reported, be known, seem, happen, prove, appear 等構(gòu)成謂語的句子中，動詞不定式通常也可看作主語補語。 We admire his ability to speak a foreign language so 門外語說得這么好。 不定式作定語時，有時與被修飾的名詞之間有意義上 的動賓關(guān)系，如果該不定式動詞是不及物動詞，它后面需加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。如： The question is too difficult for me to answer. 對我來說，這個問題很難回答。 如： I went to see him, only to find him out. The thief stole into the house, only to be caught by the owner. only 后接現(xiàn)在分詞， 多表示伴隨狀況或方式等， only 修飾現(xiàn)在分詞以加 強語氣。 The room is very fortable to live in. 這個房間住起來很舒服。 Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle. 他寧愿擠公共汽車也不愿騎自行車。 （ 6） 在出現(xiàn)并列的動詞不定式時，為了避免重復(fù)，后面的不定式符號 to 可省略。 You may go with them if you hope to. 如果你希望的話，你可以和他們一起去。 “It is +形容詞 +of somebody+不定式 ”： 句 中的形容詞表示人物性格和特 征。 To be frank, I don’t agree with what you said. 坦率地說，我不同意你說的話。而不僅僅是爬山動作的終止，所以 stop doing 。 4） .“五朵金花 ” need , demand, want, require 表示“需要” , be (well) worth doing”值得做 ”的用法 , 用主動形式來表示被動含義 ． Your shoes need cleaning. = Your shoes need to be cleaned. 你的鞋需要清洗 一下了。 I object to his （ him） making private calls on the office phone. 我反對他用辦公室的電話打私人電話。 You don’ t object _____ you by your first name, do you? A. for me to call B. me to call C. to my calling D. my calling C The students are looking forward to _____ their parents in winter vacation. A. see B. watch C. seeing D. being seen C （句中 to 是介詞） 七、動名詞 作介詞賓語， 經(jīng)常用在一些短語的后面。 He fot about _____ him to attend my wife’ s birthday party. A. I asking B. my asking C. me to ask D. mine to ask B。 regret to do sth. 對將要做的事感到遺憾。由題意可知，她到了山 頂，停下來在一個路邊的大石頭上休息。 9 常見的不定式短語可以作狀語修飾整個句子，也可以稱它們?yōu)椴迦胝Z。 It’s difficult for us to finish the work within two hours. 我們要在兩小時之內(nèi)完成工作是很難的。 She must go but you don’t have to. 她必須走，但你沒有必要。如： I’m afraid we have no choice but to take a taxi. 恐怕我們別無選擇，只好乘出租車了。如： Why spend so much money? 為什么花這么多錢？ Why not let her have a try? 為什么不再讓她試一試？ （ 3） had better（還是 …… 最好） had best（最好，頂好） would rather（寧可，寧愿） would rather…than （寧可 … 而不 … ） would sooner（寧可，寧愿） would sooner…than （寧可 … 而不 … ） cannot but（不得不，必然） cannot choose but（只得） cannot help but（不得不） 動詞原形 或 not +動詞原形 You’d better listen to your teacher’s opinion. 你最好聽一聽老師的看法。這時候，作句子主語的除了是表示人的詞外，還可以是表示物的詞。 “ only + 不定式 (短語 )”用法 “only + 不定式 (短語 )”這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常多表示主語意想不到的結(jié)果，而且這些結(jié)果多不令人愉快。 （ so as (not) to do 不可以置于句首。如： We students should have the courage to face any 。 （ 2） 常與不定式搭配的形容詞，其同源名詞一般可以帶不定式作定語，常見的有 ability, anxiety, eagerness, ambition 等。如： The young man was considered to have great promise. 這個年輕人被認為大有前途。 Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister. 盡管他經(jīng)常弄哭他的小妹妹，但今天他卻被他的小妹妹弄哭了。 ： 不定式可以和名詞或代詞一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作動詞的賓語，這時不定式被稱為賓語補足語。 Goodbye , Mr. Wang. I’ m pleased _____ you. A. to meet B .meeting C. to have been meeting D. to be met A Encouragement through praise is the most effective method of getting people _____ their best. 5 A. do B. to do C. doing D. done B 動詞不定式的被動式 當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是不定式所表示的對象時（或動作的承受者時），不定式一般要用被動式。should have 。 If only it clears up, we39。t the book). 2)If only I were younger! 要是我年輕點兒就好了 ! =How fine it would be if only I were younger! (but I am not younger) 3)If only my mother were here now! 要 是我母親現(xiàn)在在這兒就好了。 該句可改寫為： If he wereint in hospital,he would go abroadfor his summer vacatiom. f) If only ...這 是 一 種 特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu) 一、 If only...用于感嘆句中 ,是一個保留條件句 ,省略了主句的形式。 We would not live without water or air. c) 混合虛擬條件句 如果條件從句的動作和主句的動作不是同時發(fā)生，主句和從句的謂語動詞的形式應(yīng)分別根據(jù)各自所表示 的 時間加以調(diào)整。這種用法主要用于書面語，如： ： If I were you (=Were I you) , I would go with him. ： If I had had time then (=Had I had time then), I would have gone with you. ： If I were to visit/should visit/visited the Great Wall tomorrow, (=Were I to /Should I visit the Great Wall tomorrow), I would take my son with me. 注意：在否定句中 not 不可提至主語前，如： （誤） Weren’ t I here now, I would be in the bus. （正） Were I not here now, I would be in the bus. b).without 可以代替條件從句 ，我們就不能生存。 此句可改寫為： If they had not been so busy,we would haveinvited them to the dance. But that he is in hospital,He would go abroad for hissummer vacation. 要不是生病住院，他就出國度暑假了。 =How fine it would be if only I had the book (but I haven39。 如 :If only she would win!但愿她能贏 ! 二、 If only 有時也可引導(dǎo)陳述語氣的真實條件句 ,意思為 只要?? 。s pale face suggested that she ill and her parents suggested that she ______ a medical examination. 。 動詞不定式由 不定式符號 to 加動詞原形構(gòu)成。 It made us very angry to hear him speak to his mother like that. 聽到他那樣跟他媽媽說話我們很生氣。 They make the baby go to bed at 7:00 . every 7： 00 上床睡覺。 含有此類復(fù)合賓語的句子變成被動語態(tài)時，不定式同樣被稱之為主語補足語。 My wish to be a teacher is quite understandable. 我想成為一個教師的愿望是可以理解的。如： person, man, thing, something, anything, nothing, time, way, reason, chance, courage, opportunity 等。 He got up very early this morning so as not to be late for school again. 今天早上他起身很早以免上學(xué)再遲到。 He is too anxious to know the examination results. 他很急切地想知道考試結(jié)果。 4).另外， hard, difficult, easy, fit， fortable 等詞也可以接動詞不定式。 （ 2） 在 why 引起的一些疑問句中，疑問詞直接跟動詞原形或 not + 動詞原形。 What else do you like to do besides swim? （ 5） 如 but 之前沒有 do，其后的不定式則一般要加 to。 f. 動詞不定式的 替代詞 ： 上文中出現(xiàn)了某一動詞或動詞短語，下文中再遇到此動詞的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)時，往往要省略動詞不定式，但通常省略動詞原形或短語而保留不定式符號 to，一般有下面幾種情況 ： 含有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞如 be going to, used t