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鋼箱梁橋設(shè)計(jì)_橋梁工程畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(存儲(chǔ)版)

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【正文】 ................... 31 小結(jié) .......................................................................................................................................... 33 參考文獻(xiàn) .................................................................................................................................. 34 致謝 .......................................................................................................................................... 35 XX 大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 2 附錄 A ...................................................................................................................................... 36 BRIDGE TO THE FUTURE .................................................................................................... 36 橋梁走向未來 .......................................................................................................................... 45 XX 大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 3 1. 緒 論 世界上第一鋼 箱梁橋是 1850 年英國建造的 britania 鐵橋路橋。因而,薄的翼緣也能很好的抵抗彎曲應(yīng)力。 ⑷ 從箱梁的結(jié)構(gòu)來看,無論是承受豎直偏心荷載 ,都能作為一個(gè)空間結(jié)構(gòu)來抵抗外力,能發(fā)揮各個(gè)桿件的理學(xué)性能,沒有所謂的零桿。 ⑻ 由于加勁桿、橫聯(lián)、節(jié)點(diǎn)板等幾乎全設(shè)置在內(nèi)部,箱梁外部顯得很平滑。 設(shè)計(jì)具體分為以下幾步: ⑴ 橋式方案的比選及施工方案擬定 ; ⑵ 上部結(jié)構(gòu)截 面形式及截面尺寸的擬定; ⑶ 上部結(jié)構(gòu) 截 面幾何特性計(jì)算; ⑷ 上部結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算圖式及有限元單元的劃分; ⑸ 上部 結(jié)構(gòu) 永久作用效應(yīng)的 計(jì)算( 一期橫載、二期橫載分開計(jì)算 ); ⑹ 上部結(jié)構(gòu)可變作用效應(yīng)的計(jì)算; ① 影響線計(jì)算及繪制; ② 影響線加載; ⑺ 上部結(jié)構(gòu) 內(nèi)力組合的計(jì)算及包絡(luò)圖的繪制; ⑻ 主梁 的各項(xiàng)檢算 ① 承載能力極限狀態(tài)強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 ② 正常使用極限狀態(tài)應(yīng)力計(jì)算 說明: 本設(shè)計(jì)中影響線的繪制是通過 spap90 來進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn), 通過本次設(shè)計(jì),對(duì)以前和專業(yè)知識(shí)進(jìn)行了一次系統(tǒng)的復(fù)習(xí),加深了我的理論知識(shí)和水平,但由于時(shí)間關(guān)系,設(shè)計(jì)中還存在不少問題,懇請(qǐng)各位老師斧正 。 圖 21 橋梁計(jì)算圖示 截面尺寸及擬定 截面形式及梁高 主梁高度通常是通過技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)比較確定的,應(yīng)考慮經(jīng)濟(jì)、梁重、建筑高度以及凈空要求等,在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)計(jì)中還應(yīng)考慮標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化,提高梁 的 互換性。 箱梁高度的確定方法: h=l/25。以往的設(shè)計(jì)大都通過手工計(jì)算來完成,其方法雖然簡單但計(jì)算工作量很大,如果將這項(xiàng)工作編程通過計(jì)算機(jī)來完成,不僅可以把設(shè)計(jì)者從繁重的簡單計(jì)算中解放出來,而且 有助于設(shè)計(jì)者習(xí)慣于編程,同時(shí)也便于正確地應(yīng)用或檢驗(yàn)現(xiàn)有的一些橋梁設(shè)計(jì)軟件。 利用結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)( 力法原理 ) 可計(jì)算出等 截面 連續(xù)梁在恒載、活載等作用下的內(nèi)力。 一期集度計(jì)算: ?? Aq = =(為均布荷載集度) 1q —— 一期恒載集度; 一期恒載內(nèi)力 一期荷載內(nèi)力 由力法計(jì)算得出,其結(jié)果為下圖所示(圖 4- 1): ( a) 結(jié)構(gòu)體系 單位( m) ( b)剪力圖 單位( kN) XX 大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 10 ( c)彎矩圖 單位( kN 第二步應(yīng)用主梁內(nèi)力影響線,給 荷載乘以橫向分布系數(shù)。 ? ?1p i i iS m P y???? ?XX 大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 14 本設(shè)計(jì)加載的種類有 城- A 級(jí)。1QS —— 基本可變荷載中汽車(包括沖擊力)、人群產(chǎn)生的效應(yīng); 39。 10. 9 1. 4IJ G QS S S??39。339。從圖所示之加載情況中,按下式求支點(diǎn)反力 Fm 32100100 )( ???????????????? ? lylyvPA )=(- 在運(yùn)用上式計(jì)算時(shí),應(yīng)以集中輪重 P0代替 A0 在節(jié)間 m(m+1)內(nèi), θ 0地計(jì)算公式為: ? ? ? ? ? ?1010 ??????????? mmmmPA ? ? ????????? ??????????????????????? ?321 5 8 8 9 2 0 3 6 7 lylylym 上式中地 m,是加載節(jié)間支 點(diǎn)編號(hào)中數(shù)值較小的號(hào)數(shù)。 g20 PQ?—— 橋面板沿 x 方向單位寬度的水平輪壓。 1. 抗壓 應(yīng)力檢算 第一體系: 26 3m a x1 mm/ y NM ?? ????? (跨中) ?2? 26 3m a x mm/ y NM ?? ??? (支點(diǎn)) 第二體系: 239。 cm6 2 5 5 ????S 檢算點(diǎn)剪應(yīng)力: 28331 mm/ N??? ????? 折算應(yīng)力: 22222121s2 mm/????????? ??? 因此截面折算應(yīng)力檢算合 格 。我堅(jiān)信這次的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)所給我的啟示能幫助我在以后的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作生活中完美地完成每一件事。 藺 老師對(duì)學(xué)生要求嚴(yán)格,考勤到位,對(duì)自己同樣要求嚴(yán)格,每天都按時(shí)到設(shè)計(jì)室,了解我們的設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)度,輔導(dǎo)設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容,為我們提出設(shè)計(jì)的方法,并指出了我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)中的許多不足。 XX 大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 36 附錄 A Bridge to the Future The Chao Phraya River Bridge is designed to acmodate marine traffic. The 500 m main span will provid m of vertical clearance, and the two towers will be situated away from the main navigation channel. The final ponent of Thailand39。s two Ashaped towers will straddle the 500 m main span and will stand as stylized representations of the traditional Thai greeting, the hands steep led together. The superstructure is a steel frame posite with a concrete deck. Stay cables spaced at 12 m intervals along the edge girders are designed to carry the superstructure load. Three anchor piers on each side will provide stability. The bridge features a symmetrical profile and slopes XX 大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 38 no more than 3 percent. The bridge was designed for 208 KN loads from trucksloads 30 percent higher than those set forth by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials in the 16th edition of its Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges (1996). The hollow legs of the two 187 m high towers are made of reinforced concrete. A horizontal strut just below deck level provides lateral support for the slender legs and reduces deflection. The legs, each supported by two 24 by 24 by 4 m footings, join at the top to form a chamber for cable anchors. Decorative spheres 3 m in diameter and spires 8 m tall at the top of the towers will be gilded in traditional Thai style. The two towersone located in shallow water on the east bank, the other behind a wharf on the west bankwill be situated away from the main navigation channel to eliminate the possibility of collisions with the bridge and ensure that marine traffic and wharf operations can proceed unimpeded. The three anchor piers will be situated behind each tower on the bridge39。 and Parsons Brinckerhoff (PB), of New York City. Once the joint venture was formed, designers began a feasibility study of the Chao Phraya River crossing and set about determining the most suitable type of crossing. Tunnels and cablestayed bridges were developed and evaluated. Eventually, however, it became clear that a bridge would be more economical, would not interrupt marine traffic, and would best lend itself to the highway interchange. In 1999 engineers began to design the SOBRR. The Chao Phraya River Bridge design was led by PB and supported by AEC and TEC. Conceptual and preliminary designs were prepared by PB39。 經(jīng)過四年美好的大學(xué)生活,我對(duì)交大的感情與日俱增,在即將畢業(yè)離校之際,深感留戀,忠心感謝學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和老師的悉心培育,使我不斷成長、成熟。 在這兩個(gè)多月設(shè)計(jì)期間,學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)密切關(guān)注我們的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的進(jìn)度與質(zhì)量,許多老師花費(fèi) 了大量的時(shí)間及精力,親歷監(jiān)督和指導(dǎo)。 接下來的日子基本上都是在設(shè)計(jì)中度過的,遇到的困難可謂空前,首先,有限元法我們只知道皮毛,而我們的設(shè)計(jì)起步就要用到有限元法進(jìn)行單元的劃分來計(jì)算各個(gè)截面的幾何特征,同樣的工作重復(fù)了幾次下來給人的感覺用大學(xué)里最時(shí)髦的話來說就是郁悶的不得了,最終理 智還是戰(zhàn)勝了一切;,這也是我們的設(shè)計(jì)能最終完成的關(guān)鍵一步。 腹板計(jì)算高度邊緣處同時(shí)受到較大的正應(yīng)力和剪應(yīng)力時(shí),鋼材處于復(fù)雜受力狀態(tài),故取腹板邊緣為檢算點(diǎn)。 m) 合計(jì) (kN539。 M0=( 2)縱肋的活載支點(diǎn)彎矩 M0計(jì)算 計(jì)算 作用于寬度 2c 的 后輪荷載所產(chǎn)生的彎矩: 2m a x,0 149 ???????????
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