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湖南高鐵院鐵道工程系畢業(yè)論文(存儲(chǔ)版)

2025-10-13 16:36上一頁面

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【正文】 駒過隙。 對(duì)護(hù)軌和心軌的測(cè)量; 我們?cè)诠らL的指導(dǎo)下對(duì) 26道岔、 12道岔磨耗直股護(hù)軌進(jìn)行更換,減少了有害空間的不平順,如出現(xiàn)心尖因磨耗造成低的可用 2mm3mm 薄膠墊進(jìn)行墊板 12塊即可,讓撤叉保持平 順。下面是實(shí)際現(xiàn)場(chǎng)操作整治病害圖 42。 ( 3) 整治標(biāo)準(zhǔn):以整個(gè)道岔群為整治單元, 20m 弦測(cè)量高低控制在 2mm 以內(nèi)。1mm 以內(nèi),單個(gè)軌向偏差控制在 2mm 以內(nèi)。1mm 。 14 、混凝土枕道岔病害分析及整治方案 病害 1:軌距超限。 ( 10) 滑床板及槽型護(hù)軌墊板開焊。 ( 2) 岔枕爬行、偏斜 。 ②當(dāng) L 圓 不是 5的整倍數(shù)時(shí): n為( L 圓 /t) +1取整,則其 樁點(diǎn)數(shù)量為 n+3 個(gè),分別為 f0、 f f??、 fn+ f0 。就一條曲線而言,其軌道結(jié)構(gòu)各部分變化周期也不相同,因此在日常養(yǎng)護(hù)中注意摸索每條曲線及曲線各部分變化周期,有計(jì)劃的進(jìn)行預(yù)防性修理,可減少維修工作量,而且可以避免曲線狀態(tài)的惡化。在對(duì)小半徑曲線技術(shù)性能改進(jìn)中鋪設(shè) Ⅲ 型軌枕及相應(yīng)的扣件是延長曲線養(yǎng)護(hù)及換軌周期最佳選擇。 8 、防止小半徑曲線產(chǎn)生病害的主要對(duì)策 、調(diào)整好小半徑曲線各部尺寸是基礎(chǔ) 日常養(yǎng)護(hù)維修中要做好小半徑曲線范圍內(nèi)的長平,消滅漫坑、小坑及低接頭。應(yīng)根據(jù)曲線整正的基本原則 : ① 曲線兩端直線方向不得改變 ,為此必須使撥道前和撥道后曲線正矢總和相等 ,即兩者正矢之差等于零 . ② 曲線兩端位置不得改變 ,為此必須使曲線頭尾撥量為零 ,即正矢差累計(jì)的總和為零 . 根據(jù)有關(guān)資料和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際分析,造成小半徑曲線病害多的原因是多方面的,有運(yùn)營條件方面的,如牽引種類、運(yùn)行速度、列車密度等,有軌道結(jié)構(gòu)方面,如鋼軌類型、坡度、半徑大小等,然而任何一種病害也是 由多個(gè)因素引發(fā)的,病害和因素之間沒有一一對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)系,只有主要因素和次要因素之分,主要因素和次要因素也不是永遠(yuǎn)不變的,它隨著條件的變化而變化,且絕大部分病害之間互為影響因素。這樣既能防止低接頭,又能消除高小腰、空吊版等病害,搗固后應(yīng)立即回填并夯實(shí)拍好,保持道床均勻飽滿。第四是將接頭處的道渣更換為粒徑為 20— 30 毫米的細(xì)石碴,以增大道床的阻力和彈性,便于搗固。做好接頭初始狀態(tài)的平順,消滅接頭錯(cuò)口錯(cuò)牙。 螺栓松動(dòng),彈性墊層變形,以及夾板和鋼軌頦部接觸面局部磨耗。 道床板結(jié)、溜坍沉陷、翻漿冒泥。 低接頭。鐵路線路類型、設(shè)備、零件隨時(shí)都在更新?lián)Q代,因此對(duì)于維修方法和技術(shù)要求也是越來越嚴(yán)格和科學(xué)。 關(guān)鍵詞 : 接頭 曲線 道岔 附帶曲線正失 病害 II Abstract Ordinary railway line, the rail joint is the weak link in line, rail joints disease seriously affect the line quality, eliminate the joint disease is the key line repair work. In the ordinary line, rail joint is one of the lines of the three weak links, the train through the joint generate strong impact force, joints have great influence to additional dynamic effect, the joint damage than other parts of the serious. Especially the joints of ballast deformation fastest, vulnerable to the formation of low joint. Rail joints disease seriously affect the quality of lines. Harm to the safety, the elimination of rail joints disease is one of the key line repair work. According to the mon diseases and causes of small radius curve analysis, proposed the daily maintenance of small radius curve, should take in the geometry size adjustment, strengthen the remediation technology and key measures of disease prevention, and continuous improvement of the measures have a little bit of. Curve is the weak link in the line equipment, and small radius curve is the weakest area, it is the disease focus, equipment status is not easy to control, a relatively large area of maintenance and repair, for small radius curve, everybody to go all the way, the small radius curve to strengthen preventive measures of all kinds, control of small radius curve make every attempt of the state, to extend the small radius curve repair cycle, reduce the cost of repair of small radius curve. The weak link switch is also the line equipment, is a linkage of the whole, which relates to a vehicle, engineering, electrical department, an error in a department, it will affect the train speed, heavy traffic interruption, will bring III direct losses to transport. Speedraising turnout is the basis of improving railway transport, how to repair the line equipment maintenance work, lay a solid foundation for the smoothness of railway transport safety is a responsibility, but also to ensure the safety of railway transportation is very important to. Keywords: Joint curve turnout with curve was losing disease 1 引 言 中國鐵路始建于 1876 年,鐵路運(yùn)輸線是我國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的大動(dòng)脈,在我國交通運(yùn)輸體系中居于主導(dǎo)的骨干地位,它在國家的建設(shè)中占有重要地位。 在普通的線路上,鋼軌接頭是線路三大薄弱環(huán)節(jié)之一,列車通過接頭時(shí)產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)大的沖擊力, 接頭部位受到很大的沖擊附加動(dòng)力作用,使接頭的破壞較其它部位嚴(yán)重。給安全行車帶來危害,消除鋼軌接頭病害是線路維修工作的重點(diǎn)之一。在當(dāng)今社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展的情形下,對(duì)鐵路運(yùn)輸?shù)男枨罅吭谥饾u增大,鐵路運(yùn)輸?shù)陌l(fā)展將偏向高速和重載運(yùn)輸。使得接頭發(fā)生形變。主要是軌頂面剝落、掉塊和螺栓孔裂紋。 通過對(duì)接頭受力后實(shí)際變形狀態(tài)的分析,產(chǎn)生沖擊動(dòng)力過程有三個(gè)因素:①軌縫
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