【正文】 割裂了主句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)。再加上以 such as 為中心的長(zhǎng)主語(yǔ)距離系動(dòng)詞 remain 太遠(yuǎn)，更增加了本句的難度。因此，同學(xué)們的任務(wù)，就是通PAGES |2811 頁(yè) 過(guò)反復(fù)閱讀此類句子來(lái)熟悉這樣的英語(yǔ)。 ◎大寶考研版權(quán)所有，拒絕轉(zhuǎn)載◎ yghvCiYjF8 意群訓(xùn)練： Although qualitative variance among nerve energies was never rigidly disproved, the doctrine was generallyabandoned in favor of the oppsing view, namely, that nerve impulses are essentially homogeneous in quality and are transmitted as mon currency throught the nervous system ◎大寶考研版權(quán)所有，拒絕轉(zhuǎn)載◎ 4p6kyNIBg8 14. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size， number， arrangement， and interconnection of the nerve cells， but as far as psycho neural correlations were concerned， the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences. （ 4 ） 盡管其他實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示在神經(jīng)細(xì)胞的大小、數(shù)量、排列和相互連接上有一些小的差異，但是就心理 神經(jīng)的關(guān)系而言，這些感官區(qū)域彼此之間的明顯的相似性看起來(lái)比 起微小的差異更為令人注目。 ◎大寶考研版權(quán)所有，拒絕轉(zhuǎn)載◎ 56ZWWLStGJ 意群訓(xùn)練： Although some experiments show that， as an object bees familiar， its internal representation bees more holistic and the recognition process correspondingly more parallel， the weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis， at least for objects that are not notably simple and familiar. ◎大寶考研版權(quán)所有，拒絕轉(zhuǎn)載◎ 16. In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement， historians have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status of women in various periods. （ 3+） ◎大寶考研版權(quán)所有，拒絕轉(zhuǎn)載◎ 在很大程度上，由于女權(quán)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)（ feminist movement）的緣故，史學(xué)家近年來(lái)匯聚了大量的注意力，來(lái)更為準(zhǔn)確 地確定婦女在各個(gè)歷史時(shí)期的地位。其實(shí) and 前后就是兩個(gè)句子，只不過(guò)作者省略了后面的句子中與前面相同的引導(dǎo)詞 that 和謂語(yǔ) bee。 ◎運(yùn)用前面所說(shuō)的用合理化原則中的取非讀法，可以很容易的讀出作者在后半個(gè)分句中想說(shuō)前面的那種觀點(diǎn)被反對(duì)了。 however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its condition was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits. ◎大寶考研版權(quán)所有，拒絕轉(zhuǎn)載◎ dULqXcbe39 13. Although qualitative variance among nerve energies was never rigidly disproved， the doctrine was generally abandoned in favor of the opposing view， namely， that nerve impulses are essentially homogeneous in quality and are transmitted as mon currency throughout the nervous system. （ 4） 盡管在神經(jīng)能量上存在著質(zhì)的不同，這一點(diǎn)從來(lái)都沒(méi)有在嚴(yán)格的意義上被反對(duì)過(guò)，但是以上教條通常被拋棄掉，而轉(zhuǎn)向相反的觀點(diǎn)，即：神經(jīng)沖動(dòng)從根本上本質(zhì)相同，而且被當(dāng)作“一種普通流”在整個(gè)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中傳播。 意群訓(xùn)練： His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States， but his definition of racial prejudice as raciallybased negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic petition， can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe.◎大寶考研版權(quán)所有，拒絕 11. Such variations in size， shape， chemistry， conduction speed， excitation threshold， and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience. （ 5）難免類型：復(fù)雜修飾 譯文：類似于這些已經(jīng)被在神經(jīng)細(xì)胞中證明的在大小、形狀、化學(xué)過(guò)程、產(chǎn)生的速度、興奮閾值及其類似的方面上所發(fā)生變化，當(dāng)他們被用來(lái)與大腦的體驗(yàn)以可能的方式聯(lián)系起來(lái)的時(shí)候，他們?cè)谥匾陨先匀皇俏⒉蛔愕赖摹Ｗ詈笠粋€(gè)逗號(hào)后面的部分是修飾前面的 black heritage 的同位語(yǔ)。本句的另外一個(gè)特征是其中充斥著專有名PAGES |289 頁(yè) 詞。這是文學(xué)市評(píng)論題材的文章的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)。 意群訓(xùn)練： Hardy39。 A give way to B，是 A 讓位于 B，而 A be given way to B， 則是 A 取代 B。 A、 這句話讀起來(lái)別扭的第一個(gè)原因，是因?yàn)樗揪筒皇且粋€(gè)句子。 難句類型：倒裝、省略 a 本句的正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)當(dāng)是： That sex ratio which maximizes the number of descendnts an individuall will ◎ have and hence the number of gene copies transmited will be That sex ratio 之后的以 which 引導(dǎo)的修飾它的定語(yǔ)從句，如果按照以上語(yǔ)序，則有頭重腳輕之感。 C: 警察也和其他人一樣不知所措和無(wú)能為力。開(kāi)關(guān)一開(kāi) , 就可以看到電視劇、電影、歌劇 , 以及其他各種各樣的文藝節(jié)目。 they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insecteating ◎animals.◎ (22) 假如沒(méi)有那些以昆蟲(chóng)為食的動(dòng)物保護(hù)我們 , 昆蟲(chóng)將吞噬我們所有的莊稼 , 害死我們的牛羊家畜 , 使我們不能生存于世。 C. 得為他們提供大量更為詳盡的信息 , 作更多的指導(dǎo)。 C. 由于它總是跟其他元素結(jié)合在一起 。 其后 , 這種愛(ài)好變得成熟起來(lái) , 我們開(kāi)始對(duì)歷史這出“戲劇”的多樣性和復(fù)雜性 , 對(duì)歷史上的輝煌成就和悲壯失敗也感興趣 。 D. 將這些已知礦源和儲(chǔ)量將消耗殆盡的時(shí)間。 C. 幫我們開(kāi)動(dòng)電冰箱 。另外 , 還有兩個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)作插入語(yǔ) : for example, with almost unlimited entertainment available,其中第二個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ) , 修飾 to sit fortably at home. ity.◎ 第 2ably at home. 綜合上述翻譯方法，這個(gè)句子我們可以翻譯為： ◎大寶考研版權(quán)所有，拒絕轉(zhuǎn)載◎ CufYKxV1iZ 譬如 , 對(duì)于一個(gè)四口之家來(lái)說(shuō) , 舒舒服服地在家中看電視 , 就能看到幾乎數(shù)不清的娛樂(lè)節(jié)目 , 這比到外面別的地方去消遣又便宜又方便。 (2) 該句共有五個(gè)謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) , 它們的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分別為 suggest, is raised, are, develop, experience 等 , 這五個(gè)謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系為 : Behaviorist suggest thatclause 結(jié)構(gòu)為主句 。 (3) 語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)層次多。長(zhǎng)句在科技性的文體中的出現(xiàn)極為頻繁 , 因此也就成為研究生入學(xué)考試的重點(diǎn) , 通過(guò)對(duì)近年來(lái)試題的分析我們可以看出 , 所考查的絕大多數(shù)劃線的部分都是長(zhǎng)句。 (3) 分析從句和短語(yǔ)的功能 , 例如 , 是否為主語(yǔ)從句 , 賓語(yǔ)從句 , 表語(yǔ)從句等 ,若是狀語(yǔ) , 它是表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、還是表示條件等等 )。 which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses 為定語(yǔ)從句 , 所修飾的先行詞為 stimuli。在英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)句的翻譯過(guò)程中 , 我們一般采取下列的方法。上述五層意思的邏輯關(guān)系以及表達(dá)的順序與漢語(yǔ)完全一致 , 因此 , 我們可以通過(guò)順序法 , 把該句翻譯成 : 即使在我們關(guān)掉了床頭燈深深地進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)時(shí) , 電仍在為我們工作 : 幫我們開(kāi)動(dòng)電冰箱 , 把水加熱 , 或使室內(nèi)空調(diào)機(jī)繼續(xù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。她們沒(méi)有任何特點(diǎn) , 因而無(wú)法成為具有個(gè)性的人 。 例 6. If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction, and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment , they would not be so hurt, and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it. 如果做父母的對(duì)這種青少年的反 應(yīng)有所準(zhǔn)備 , 而且認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)顯示出孩子正在成長(zhǎng) , 正在發(fā)展珍貴的觀察力和獨(dú)立的判斷力的標(biāo)志 , 他們就不會(huì)感到如此傷心 , 所以也就不會(huì)因?qū)Υ擞袘嵑藓头磳?duì)的情緒而把孩子推到對(duì)立面去。按照漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣通常因在前 , 果在后 , 這樣 , 我們可以逆著原文的順序把該句翻譯成 : (7) 鋁總是跟其他元素結(jié)合在一起 , 最普遍的是跟氧結(jié)合 。 (12) 下面我們?cè)倥e幾個(gè)實(shí)例 : (13) 例 3. It is probably easier for teachers than for students to appreciate the reasons why learningEnglish seems to bee increasingly difficult once the basic structures and patterns of the languagehave been understood. (14) 一旦了解英語(yǔ)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和句型 , 再往下學(xué)似乎就越來(lái)越難了 , 這其中的原因 , 也許教師比學(xué)生更容易理解。例如 :◎ (24) 例 1. The number of the young people in the United States who can`t read is incredible about one in four. (25) 上句在英語(yǔ)中是一個(gè)相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的句子 , 但是如果我們按照原文的句子結(jié)構(gòu)死譯 , 就可能被翻譯成 : (26) 沒(méi)有閱讀能力的美國(guó)青年人的數(shù)目令人難以相信約為 1/4。 (37) (4) 綜合法。 (44) ◎ 例 3. Taking his cue from Ibsen`s A Doll`s House, in which the heroine, Nora, leaves home beca