【正文】 chamber) and the spillway of the Teri hydraulic works (which operates with smooth dissipation of energy throughout the length of the tunnel).The initial design of the Rogunskii hydroelectric plant called for a chute as the terminus structure of the operational spillway。 1 VORTEXTUNNEL SPILLWAYS AND HYDRAULIC OPERATING CONDITIONS M. A. Galant, B. A. Zhivotovskii,V. B. Rodionov,and N. N. Rozanova Executive Summary Spillway tunnel is widely used in highpressure hydraulic engineering. Therefore, this type of spillway this study is an important and urgent task to help in the use of these types of hydraulic construction of spillway can help develop the best and reliable spillway structure. This is confirmed by vortex spillway tunnel in the design of a pressure fluctuation and intensity of turbulent energy dissipation process Keywords: vortex spillway energy dissipation Tunnel spillways are widely used in medium and highpressure hydraulic works. It is therefore an important and pressing task to improve the constructions used in these types of spillways and to develop optimal and reliable spillway this in mind, we would like to turn the reader39。 it was intended that the flow rate at the end of the chute was to reach 60 m/sec. Understandably, flow rates that are this high entail adoption of special measures to protect the streamlined surfaces of the spillway from cavitation damage and the stream course from dangerous degradation. To meet this need, the Tashkent Hydroelectric Authority, working with the Division of Hydrodynamic Research (now the Central Hydraulic Institute, Society of the Scientific Research Institute on the Economics of Construction), developed several alternative versions of spillway designs intended to dissipate a significant portion of the energy of the flow within the spillway and to substantially reduce the flow rate in the tailrace tunnel and at the point where the flow is discharged into the stream course. In one of the versions that were considered, the bend in the turning segment that is part of the traditional configuration of a shaft spillway was replaced by a tangential flow vortex generator. Similarly. vortextype flow is created throughout the entire length of the tailrace segment. Hydraulic studies were performed on a model that simulated a shaft spillway at a scale of 1:50 and consisted of a shaft measuring 13 m in diameter and 148 m in height, a tangential vortex generating device, and a tailrace tunnel. The studies that were performed showed that in the shaft which delivers water to the flow rotation node, an intermediate water level is maintained when the flow rate is less than the design rate. This bench mark depends on the magnitude of the escapage discharge and the resistance of the spillway segment situated at a lower level . In the constructions that have been considered here, maximum (design) flow rates through the shaft are achieved when the shaft is flooded and there is no access to the air. In the model nearly 5 plete entrapment of air from the water surface occurred with intermediate water levels in the shaft。 因此，流量 旋 渦旋式和軸向流經(jīng) 溢洪道 的 尾端 ，不 會 產(chǎn)生汽蝕損 害 。渦旋式溢洪道光滑或加速能量耗散的整個長度的水管道是最簡單和最有前途的各類液壓結(jié)構(gòu)。其目的在 保持其運輸能力時， 使 運作中的 水能自由下泄 ?；咎攸c是一個渦流發(fā)生器 位于 鋼筋混凝土距離隧道軸線為重心的 “ 關(guān)鍵 ” 的部分地區(qū)。mamskii 水利工程， Areq =；為 rogunskii 溢洪道，應(yīng) 安排為 ： Areq =。河床式溢洪道經(jīng)由壩身溢洪。 ④ 虹吸溢洪道。當(dāng)下泄水流不能直接歸入原河道時，還需另設(shè)尾水渠，以便與下游河道妥善銜接。情況是不同的，在案件的摻氣水流，這也是難以模型?？紤]到這些差異的基礎(chǔ)上的結(jié)果，實驗室研究 rogunskii 工作的溢洪道水力發(fā)電廠（包括消能室）和溢洪道的水力工程（泰瑞經(jīng)營著 具有均勻 的能量耗散 的 整個隧道）。液壓研 究進行了一個模型，模擬了豎井溢洪道在 1 : 50 的比例和包括一個軸測量直徑 13米，高 148 米，切渦流產(chǎn)生裝置，和尾水隧洞。作為 nonaerated 流進入尾管通過旋轉(zhuǎn)的節(jié)點，一個真空計壓力是建立在燃?xì)庹羝暮诵?，并在案件高度曝?。改造旋渦狀流入軸向流發(fā)生 。溢洪道的泄量，溢流前緣總寬度及堰頂高程的選定是水利水電工程的一個決定條件。 結(jié)論 我們考慮了溢洪道使我們有效的保證耗散過剩的動能和結(jié)構(gòu)整體可靠性。平等的離心加速度的自由落體加速度是一個必要條件的崩潰渦結(jié)構(gòu)的流動的隧道。由于 11 不對稱輸水進入渦流發(fā)生器在最初的部分，核心的流動是非圓，位于遠(yuǎn)離中心截面 的位置 。同樣的。溢洪道水力條件的部分。本部分將負(fù)責(zé)以下功能： 使 減少旋轉(zhuǎn)速度的 水流 進 入 消能室，均衡流量轉(zhuǎn)向最大軸部分的流動速率的中央部分，并減少其動態(tài)載荷在旋轉(zhuǎn)節(jié)點的流量 。為保護泄槽免遭沖刷和巖石不被風(fēng)化，一般都用混凝土襯砌。 ③ 井式溢洪道。前者用以宣泄設(shè)計洪水，后者用于宣泄非常洪水。應(yīng)該指出的是，渦流節(jié)點設(shè)計 =空調(diào)機作用， 其中 的幾何參數(shù) 是 該渦流 發(fā)生器需要維持所需的預(yù)旋流動 時間的數(shù)據(jù) 。這是負(fù)責(zé)運輸能 力和流動制度基本的 條件。 評