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ented in circuit, EEPROM memory to save all the configuration of the system and the sequence of steps. For the execution of the main program, it offers plete resources as timers and interruptions. The list of resources of the controller was created to explore all the capacity of the microcontroller to make it as plete as possible. During the step, the program chooses how to use the resources reading the configuration string of the step. This string has two bytes for digital inputs, one used as a mask and the other one used as a value expected. One byte is used to configure the outputs value. One bytes more is used for the internal timer , the analog input or timeout. The EEPROM memory inside is 256 bytes length that is enough to save the string of the steps, with this characteristic it is possible to save between 48 steps ( Table 1) . The controller () has also a display and some buttons that are used with an interactive menu to program the sequence of steps and other configurations. . Interaction ponents For the real application the controller must have some elements to interact with the final user and to offer a plete monitoring of the system resources that are available to the designer while creating the logic control of the pneumatic system (): ?Interactive mode of work。除了微控制器之外 ,只有少量的零部件執(zhí)行一些如輸出,輸入,類比輸入 ,顯示接口和連續(xù)運(yùn)行的情況等功能。一般情況下,使用者可以在接口上運(yùn)行一個模擬程序?qū)ふ疫壿嬌系腻e誤同之前所述的一樣,新的編程允許每一步驟的結(jié)構(gòu)被分割。 6. 使用者變更例子規(guī)劃 氣流線圈在前面已經(jīng)詳細(xì)說明過:它可以讓我們了解到控制一個系統(tǒng)所需要的條件,那就是在系統(tǒng)的實(shí)際運(yùn)行中必須提供所有 的功能設(shè)施。但是現(xiàn)在還它還不是一個完整的系統(tǒng),因為它還缺少一些輔助設(shè)施,(圖中沒有顯示)。 D 可以充當(dāng)一個工具,在物體上的表面上打洞。它由四個主動器組成。一臺計算機(jī)的接口也可以用來升級使用程序。 ? 交互工作模式: 在主要的程序中,使用者可以根據(jù)指導(dǎo)發(fā)出信號來進(jìn)行具體步驟的操作 ? LCD 平臺可以顯示系統(tǒng)工作的狀態(tài),衡量輸入,輸出,計時器和運(yùn)行的數(shù)據(jù)等。它提供了項目所需要的所有的運(yùn)行,例如定時器和分岔等。 不同于傳統(tǒng)的 PLC,這種控制器的工作目的是成為特定領(lǐng)域設(shè)計的多用控制器。 先前提到的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)線路可以幫助設(shè)計人員定義系統(tǒng)的不同狀態(tài)和不同步驟的變化所帶來的不同環(huán)境。這是就需要另一種方法可以節(jié)省時間,產(chǎn)生清晰線路,能夠防止偶然的信號交疊和線路堵塞。這種控制器可以根據(jù)微控制器來制作。 PLC 的感應(yīng)器和開關(guān)是輸入端,而發(fā)動機(jī)的直接控制閥是輸 出端,其中有一個內(nèi)部程序操控所有運(yùn)行必需的邏輯,模擬其他的裝置如計算器、定時器等,對整個系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)進(jìn)行控制?,F(xiàn)在,大部分的系統(tǒng)邏輯操作的控制器都被程序邏輯控制器( PLC)所取代。 針對這種情況可行的一種辦法是創(chuàng)建一個可提供特定尺寸和功能的控制器[3, 4]。 對于一個簡單的運(yùn)動,系統(tǒng)自動程序 [1, 5]可以完成,但是對于間接或更加復(fù)雜的運(yùn)動,系統(tǒng)的程序就會產(chǎn)生復(fù)雜的線路和錯誤的信號。這也就是說發(fā)動機(jī)的每一次運(yùn)動變化都是系統(tǒng)的一個新的狀態(tài),而兩個不同狀態(tài)之間的轉(zhuǎn)變叫做步驟。 在編程之后,部件序列被內(nèi)部微控制器的記憶所儲藏,因此,他們是可讀的而且可以運(yùn)行。它有足夠的插孔,線路連續(xù)通訊 EEPROM 記憶解救系統(tǒng)的所有結(jié)構(gòu)和步驟的序列。 4. 1 交互作用 在實(shí)際運(yùn)行操作中,控制器需要有一些輔助設(shè)備幫助它和使用者進(jìn)行互動,可以提供可靠的操作監(jiān)控,同時 對氣流系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行邏輯控制。 4. 3 接口 程序運(yùn)行序列可以用控制器的接口來編程。 5. 電氣系統(tǒng)例子 這種系統(tǒng)不只是適應(yīng)于特定的機(jī)器。第四步,主動器 D 快速往返來回運(yùn)動一次。 利用他們我們可以用必需的邏輯語言設(shè)計整個的控制線路。 圖 7 電氣圖表舉例 圖 8 電氣圖表舉例 另外的一些輔助設(shè)施也包括在這個系統(tǒng)中 ,比如自動機(jī)械 / 手動調(diào)控器,他們可以使系統(tǒng)不斷的循環(huán)工作;兩個開始控制鍵 ,他們能讓操作員手動控制系統(tǒng)的開始和停止,這樣就減少了發(fā)生意外事件的危險。 那就是說,使用傳統(tǒng)的 PLC ,使用者清楚各個操作之間的關(guān)系。它不需要為了獲取微控制器里的資源而安裝外部記憶器或外部的定時器。 Programmable designed for electropneumatic systems controller This project deals with the study of electropneumatic systems and the programmable controller that provides an effective and easy way to control the sequence of the pneumatic actuators movement and the states of pneumatic system. The project of a specific controller for pneumatic applications join the stud y of automation design and the control processing of pneumatic systems with the electronic design based on microcontrollers to implement the resources of the controller. 1. Introduction The automation systems that use electropneumatic technology are formed mainly by three kinds of elements: actuators or motors, sensors or buttons and control elements like valves. Nowadays, most of the control elements used to execute the logic of the system were substituted by the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). Sensors and switches are plugged as inputs and the direct control valves for the actuators are plugged as outputs. An internal program executes all the logic necessary to the sequence of the movements, simulates other ponents like counter, timer and control the status of the system. With the use of the PLC, the project wins agility, because it is possible to create and simulate the system as many times as needed. Therefore, time can be saved, risk of mistakes reduced and plexity can be increased using the same elements. A conventional PLC, that is possible to find on the market from many panies, offers many resources to control not only pneumatic systems, but all kinds of system that uses electrical ponents. The PLC can be very versatile and robust to be applied in many kinds of application in the industry or even security system and automation of buildings. Because of those characteristics, in some