【正文】 advanced countries have already from the original is limited to port management development for and port related departments working integrated information management, some big pany already can through munication satellite worldwide for container executes tracking management. From the advanced countries 8 container transportation plete technology for development multimodal transport have laid a good foundation. (2) Began to enter into the multimodal transport and door to door transportation stage. Realize various transportation means bined transport is the development direction of modern transportation and container transportation in this aspect has a unique advantage. Advanced countries due to establish and perfect the container integrated transportation system, make container transport through the traditional transportation means port, to the port concept, the prehensive utilization of various transportation means advantage, for owner to provide door to door highquality transportation service, thus make container transportation advantage into full play. The door to door transport is a plicated system engineering, integrated transport internationally advanced countries in order to develop the container transportation, took this as specialized subject, and cultivate a large number of container transportation senior management personnel, business personnel and operator, make container transportation in theory and practice are gradually consummation. (1)Source anization According to a national about developing container transportation, Container of mating box loan source, some issues regulations stipulated in the optimum LCL for 12 categories, namely, electricity, instruments, small mechanical 39。 是指裝運集裝箱的貨車到貨場后需要辦理的卸車和向貨主辦理交付手續(xù)等工作，具體包括卸車作業(yè)，交付作業(yè)，鐵路貨運員根據(jù)車站的卸車計劃及時按排貨位、核對運單、貨票、裝載清單與集裝箱箱號、印封號是否 *致、需要逐箱檢查，卸車；完畢后填寫到達記錄 /最后，由貨運室通知發(fā)貨人。拼箱貨是指兩個以上發(fā)貨人貨物拼裝在一個集裝箱內(nèi)的貨物，拼箱貨的裝卸作業(yè)由 承運人 或有關(guān)運輸代理部門負責。一些先進國家已從原僅限于港區(qū)管理發(fā)展為與口岸相關(guān)各部門聯(lián)網(wǎng)的綜合信息管理，一些大公司已能通過通信衛(wèi)星在全世界范圍內(nèi)對集裝箱實行跟蹤管理。集裝箱運輸已遍及世界上所有的海運 國家，隨著集裝箱運輸進入成熟階段。碼頭堆場上輪胎式龍門起重機、跨運車等機械得到了普遍應用，底盤車工藝則逐漸趨于沒落。 集裝箱運輸 1966 年以前，雖然集裝箱運輸取得了一定的發(fā)展，但在該階段集裝箱運輸權(quán)限于歐美一些先進國家，主要從事鐵路、 公路運輸 和國內(nèi)沿海運輸；船型以改裝的半 集裝箱船 為主，其典型船舶的裝載量不過 500TEU（ 20ft 集裝箱換算單位，簡稱 “換算箱 ”）左右，速度也較慢；箱型主要采用斷面為 8ft8ft，長度分別為 24ft、 27ft、 35ft 的非標準集裝箱，部分 使用了長度為 20ft 和 40ft 的標準集裝箱；箱的材質(zhì)開始以鋼質(zhì)為主，到后期鋁質(zhì)箱開始出現(xiàn)；船舶裝卸以船用裝卸橋為主，只有極少數(shù)專用碼頭上有岸邊裝卸橋；碼頭裝卸工藝主要采用海陸聯(lián)運公司開創(chuàng)的底盤車方式，跨運車剛剛出現(xiàn)；集裝箱運輸?shù)慕?jīng)營方式是僅提供港到港的服務。安德森 國 籍 英國 原文出處 ATamp。 19 世紀 中葉，在英國的蘭開夏已出現(xiàn)運輸棉紗、棉布的一種帶活動框架的載貨工具，這是集裝箱的雛形。隨著海上集裝箱運輸?shù)陌l(fā)展，各港紛紛建設專用集裝箱泊位，世界集裝箱專 用泊位到 1983 年已增至 983 個。 （三） 集裝箱運輸?shù)某墒祀A段（ 1984 年以后） 1984 年以后，世界航運市場擺脫了石油危機所帶來的影響，開始走出低谷，集裝箱運輸又重新走上穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的道路。自動化裝卸橋也得到了進一步發(fā)展。 二、 組織 （一）貨源組織 集裝箱的適箱貸源，根據(jù)國家《關(guān)于發(fā)展我國集裝箱運輸若干問題的規(guī)定》中規(guī)定的適箱貨為 12 個品類，即交電、儀器、小型機械 39。具體包括貨主要明確使用集裝箱運輸?shù)臈l件及有關(guān)規(guī)定，如必須在指定的集裝箱辦理站，按：站內(nèi)規(guī)定承運日期辦理：辦理站受理、審核、裝箱等。s DR has put forward the goods with loading container transportation conception. 1845 British railway carriage bills of exchange have used the way, depending on the carriage for container, make container transportation idea get preliminary application. In the middle of the 19th century, British La