【正文】 度的新德里成為世界上污染最嚴(yán)重的城市。故選B。因?yàn)樘鞖庾兝洌瑥钠?chē)和以煤為基礎(chǔ)的發(fā)電廠“emitted”的污染物形成了厚厚的霧霾。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。 An alternative explanation is that differences arise between native and foreign tongues because our childhood languages are filled with greater emotions than are those learned in more academic settings. As a result, moral judgments made in a foreign language are less filled with the emotional reactions that surface when we use a language learned in childhood.Does the language one uses influence one39。remain hesitant about what to doconsideration分別與D選擇項(xiàng)中的sacrifice和 footbridge分別對(duì)應(yīng)。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的”An alternative explanation is that differences arise between native and foreign tongues because our childhood languages are filled with greater emotions than are those learned in more academic settings.“ 母語(yǔ)和外語(yǔ)之間的差異是因?yàn)槲覀兊耐暾Z(yǔ)言比在學(xué)術(shù)環(huán)境中學(xué)習(xí)的語(yǔ)言更充滿感情，和最后一段中的”By parison, languages acquired late in life, especially if they are learned through limited interactions in the classroom or dully delivered over puter screens and headphones, enter our minds lacking the emotionality that is present for their native speakers. “后天習(xí)得的語(yǔ)言，缺乏母語(yǔ)者所具有的情感。 The implications of these findings are also practical. My advice would be, if you need to think outside the box for a future project, Dr. Vohs says, then let the clutter rise and free your imagination. But if your primary goal is to eat well or to go to the gym, pick up around your office first. By doing this, the naturally messy can acquire some of the discipline of the conscientious.（1）The underlined word immaculate in paragraph 1 probably means A second experiment, however, found that working in chaos has its advantages, too. In this one, college students were placed in a messy or a neat office and asked to dream up new uses for PingPong balls. Those in messy spaces generated ideas that were significantly more creative, according to two independent judges, than those in offices where stacks of papers and other objects were neatly arranged.故選A。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。guidanceB.. A.s language improvements?B.volunteers were presented with a moral dilemma known as the trolley problem: imagine that a runaway trolley is moving quickly toward a group of five people standing on the tracks, unable to move. You are next to a switch that can move the trolley to a different set of tracks, therefore sparing the five people, but resulting in the death of one who is standing on the side tracks. Do you pull the switch?more confident in English, more relaxed in French, more emotional in Czech. Is it possible that, along with these differences, my moral pass (指南針) also points in somewhat different directions depending on the language I39。雖然政府發(fā)誓解決污染問(wèn)題，但周末的能見(jiàn)度低，數(shù)百架航班在周末改道、延誤和取消，學(xué)校和辦公室周一關(guān)閉，人們必須戴防污口罩，可知，新德里被嚴(yán)重的污染所籠罩。 （3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。可知，政府盡管發(fā)誓解決這種污染，但情況不僅沒(méi)有改變，反而更加嚴(yán)重，使得人們必須佩戴防毒口罩。 s most polluted city. （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。The concerns of future shopping.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹美國(guó)一家公司推出一種新的零浪費(fèi)購(gòu)物模式。B.The milkman model.（3）Which countries is Loop expected to expand to by 2020? A.Advocate zerowaste lifestyle.C. Now, that may be changing. A new environmentallyfriendly shopping model was recently launched at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. This shopping model, called Loop, aims to replace throwaway containers with reusable ones.根據(jù)第四段中的“The fact that the particles landed in the ocean, instead of on land, means larger pieces may have survived and can be studied.”可知，科學(xué)家更喜歡在海洋中尋找流星是因?yàn)樗麄兛赡軙?huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)更大的巖石顆粒?？茖W(xué)家更喜歡在海洋中尋找流星是因?yàn)樗麄兛赡軙?huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)更大的巖石顆粒。D.D.根據(jù)第三段中的“But for us to notice the remaining green light, it needs to hit something that reflects green light much better than red. That39。s a mon piece of celestial （天上的）fortunetelling that green skies mean a tornado is on its way.”和最后一段中的“Still, none of the conditions that can turn skies green are unique to the clouds that produce tornadoes. Sometimes they just lead to lots of rain, and maybe some hail.”可知，本文主要話題是關(guān)注綠色的天空是否意味著即將來(lái)臨的龍卷風(fēng)展開(kāi)的，故選B。D.The sunset.Why Do the Central United States Get TornadoesB.s a mon piece of celestial （天上的）fortunetelling that green skies mean a tornado is on its way. Research has shown that it isn39。根據(jù)最后一段中的“In a word, this new research suggests that young children appreciate people who do well while at the same time doing good to others.”可知，孩子欣賞那些在做好事的同時(shí)表現(xiàn)出色的人。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。s true that those with high status, from world leaders and prize winners to athletes and movie stars, are people we like and respect. A recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour showed that we seem to have an innate (天生的) preference for highranking peoples—but only if those people aren39。 ll keep reminding him that helping his brother so they both finish faster is what winning is all about.（1）What do we tend to do according to the first paragraph? challenges all the time. highranking people. advantage of high status. others with offensive words.（2）Why did toddlers prefer the puppet allowed to pass? looked adorable. behaved smartly. seemed polite. was respected.（3）What can we infer from the latter study? people are better loved by toddlers. naturally dislike unkind behavior. care little about high social status. helpful contributes to being supported.（4）What should we do when we encourage children to win? them to use proper and creative ways. them to be as hardworking as possible. them to be considerate to other people. them to try to cooperate with someone else.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了人們更傾向于喜歡和尊敬地位高而又無(wú)害于他人的人，這似乎是一種天性，即使是蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子也是如此。 （3）考查推理判斷。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科教類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。Green Skies Are Unique to Clouds（2）Why are the skies blue