【正文】 It39。Fame and personal gain is what they’re 。The problem is how we can find 。His sole requirement was(is)that the system 。另外，when和where 引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，通常只修飾表示時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的名詞，而它們引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)卻不一定；又如why引導(dǎo)定語從句，它通常只修飾名詞the reason，而它引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)則不一定：I have no idea when they will 。The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the 。I have no idea when he will e 。There is some doubt whether he will 。如：They were faced with the demand that this tax be 。同位語從句用法詳解(例句豐富)一、同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞語通常有連詞that，whether，連接代詞和連接副詞等。學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句應(yīng)注意的兩個(gè)問題一、詞序問題名詞性從句總是用陳述句詞序，則不能使用疑問句詞序，尤其是當(dāng)名詞性從句由“疑問詞”引導(dǎo)時(shí)，不能受疑問句的影響而誤用疑問句詞序：誤：I didn’t know where did he ：I didn’t know where he 。 與 whether(if)的用法區(qū)別從意思上看，兩者不應(yīng)該發(fā)生混淆，因?yàn)?whether(if)表示“是否”，而that 卻不表示任何含義，但實(shí)際使用時(shí)，有的同學(xué)卻經(jīng)常將其用混，并且各類語法考試也?？疾樗?。I worry about whether I hurt her ?！咀ⅰ咳粼诰涫资褂眯问街髡Z it，而將主語從句放在句末，則有時(shí)也可用 if 來引導(dǎo)： It was not known whether [if] he would 。另外，that 可引導(dǎo)同位語從句，但 what 通常不用于引導(dǎo)同位語從句： I had no idea that you were 。(3)What 后的名詞可以是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，但通常不能是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞： 誤：I gave him what book I had.(from )(4)What后接不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，有時(shí)可有l(wèi)ittle修飾。The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before 。It has the same result whichever way you do ?！咀⒁狻縲hatever, whoever, whichever除用于引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句外，還可用于引導(dǎo)狀語從句，相當(dāng)于no matter what(who, which)。(2)注意以下受漢語意思影響而弄錯(cuò)的句子：誤：Who wins can get a prize./ Anyone wins can get a prize.(from )正：Whoever wins can get a prize./ Anyone who wins can a 。whoever在從句中可用作主語或賓語： I’ll take whoever wants to 。Goats eat whatever(food)they can (食物)就吃什么(食物)?！咀ⅰ孔⒁?，同位語并不影響其后句子謂語的“數(shù)”，如： 學(xué)生每人都有一本詞典。(attacking at night與the first plan同位)The current affair, the biggest in its history, is being held in ，是有史以來規(guī)模最大的，正在廣州舉行。She has great concern for us 。邁爾，BBC的記者，要求采訪。t want to 。兩者均可引導(dǎo)表語從句，但前者強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，后者強(qiáng)調(diào)的原因。Buy whichever is 。如： I gave him what books I 。如： The question is how we should carry out the 。如(from )：He asked whether [if] I would show him the 。C．連接代詞、連接副詞都作句子的成分，因此，選用時(shí)須確定從句是否缺少成分，然后再確定選用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞。(2)Let me know if he will ：告訴我他是否會(huì)來。B．whether和if 1)whether可用于任何名詞性從句中，而一般只能用于賓語從句中。如：(1)He asked how he could find his 。如： It is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing 。：advice, demand, decision, desire, idea, insistence, instruction, order, plan, proposal, remendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish等名詞時(shí)，表語從句須用虛擬語氣，即：should +do。定語從句不能用what, how, whether引導(dǎo)；而同位從句可以用what, how, whether引導(dǎo)(from )。Soon came the order that all the people should obey the ，所有的人不得違犯制度。同位語從句學(xué)習(xí)指要當(dāng)名詞后面所接的從句表示與名詞同位并為名詞的實(shí)際內(nèi)容時(shí)，這個(gè)從句就是同位語從句。如： He always says that he is our good 。I will do anything I can to help you except that I’m ，我愿做任何事情來幫助你。如：That our team will win, I 。必須與陳述句語序相同：主語＋謂語動(dòng)詞。二、名詞性從句的基本要素 就是引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)連接詞。注意：當(dāng)think, believe, suppose等的疑問式后面跟連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí)，習(xí)慣上將這些連接詞置于句首，即“連接代/副詞＋do you think /believe /expect＋賓語從句的其余部分？”如：Who do you think is the best player this year? 你認(rèn)為今年誰是最佳運(yùn)動(dòng)員? What do you suppose you will do after school? 你想放學(xué)后干什么？(4)同位語從句就是在句中作同位語的從句。 reason why /for?is that? He is ’s because he is ，這是因?yàn)樗×?。如上述第二例常說成：It is well known that China is a great socialist ，由連接代詞what, whatever, whoever等引導(dǎo)的主語從句一般不能用形式主語。一是除that, whether和疑問詞外，as, as if, as though, because也可引導(dǎo)表語從句； 二要注意“that’s why+結(jié)果”以及“that’s because+原因”的區(qū)別； 三是注意the reason(why / for?)is that?句式。I managed to get what I 。What he had hoped at last came 。如：That she lacks experience is ，這是顯然的。但除此(用于動(dòng)詞后引導(dǎo)賓語從句)之外，在其他情況下表示“是否”時(shí)，通常要用 whether 而不用 if，如用于引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句、讓步狀語從句、與or連用分別引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)分句等，或用于不定式前、用于介詞后、直接與 or not 連用等等。如：I doubt if you are 。上面的試題從表面上看，與以上各例很相似，其實(shí)有本質(zhì)的不同，即 _________ with the right knowledge 中沒有謂語動(dòng)詞，所以我們不能選 whoever。其實(shí)此句也可說成 My dear friend, don’t you know that it is you that she loves? 又如：I think, though I could be mistaken, _________ he liked 答案選 C，句子可改寫為 I think that he liked me, though I could be that he liked me 是動(dòng)詞 think之賓語。如：The dealer told me how much he was prepared to pay for my car and that f could have the money without ，并說我會(huì)立即收到款。I expect(that)the plane will he 。事實(shí)上，任何一種從句，其語序都必須與陳述句的語序相同。正：Whatever he did was ：No matter what he did was 。選項(xiàng)C、D顯然是錯(cuò)的，因?yàn)榫渲械?wants 缺賓語，而C、D兩項(xiàng)不能作賓語。這些引導(dǎo)詞可分為三類,一是that類，二是if / whether類，三是疑問詞類。I knew(that)he would be in 。I don’t wish to imply that you are 。（句子可改為 She promised that she would give him a lot of money if anyone found her son.）He said that when his wife came back he would ，他就離開。Whoever breaks this law deserves a 。比較：Whether he’ll e is not known 。He was ’s why he was sent to the ，所以被送到醫(yī)院來。注：在某些動(dòng)詞后(如 discuss 等)通常只用 whether。It was quite plain that he didn’t want to 。I’m sorry for what I 。注：that 可引導(dǎo)同位語從句，what不能。如：Whether he will be able to e remains a 。如：The question is whether he is able to do it 。如： They didn’t say which they 。I have no idea when he will set 。, whatever, whichever等也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，意為“無論/不管??”。如：She told me that the earth goes around the 。如： —What did he hear? 他聽說了什么事？—That Kate had passed the exam.(他聽說)凱特考試及格了。I didn’t know that he was wounded in the 。The teacher advised us that we(should)not waste our 。3)但當(dāng)從句的內(nèi)容是客觀真理或客觀事實(shí)，而不受時(shí)間的限制時(shí)，即使主句謂語動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)，從句仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。There is no doubt that he is fit for this ，它適合這一工作。(3)引導(dǎo)詞的作用不同。My hope is that he will keep it a secret for 。在主語從句中須注意：，放在句首，而將主語從句放到句末。但what引導(dǎo)主語從句的主句謂語動(dòng)詞的形式須根據(jù)句子的意思來判斷。如：(1)That he learnt English before is 。(2)The radio didn’t say whether it would rain or not 。(2)They are discussing whether they can employ the new 。如：I hope(that)you enjoy your 。t 。如：I don’t know what you 。, whatever, whichever 等也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，其意分別為“所?的一切事或東西”、“任何?的人”、““?的任可人或物”等。t eat you, whoever he ，他也不能把你吃掉。如：Why was she crying? 她為什么在哭？I don’t know why he was 。句中第一個(gè)when 引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，故用將來時(shí)態(tài)表示將來意義；第二個(gè)when 引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來意義。但有有幾種同位語，或由于身本結(jié)構(gòu)特殊，或由于它修飾的成分結(jié)構(gòu)比較特殊，往往會(huì)引起誤解。(to walk along?與the instruction同位)He’s getting a job tonight driving a 。We have none of us large 。whatever, whoever, whichever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句Whatever的意思是“所?的一切事或東西”，可視為what的強(qiáng)調(diào)說法，其含義大致相當(dāng)于anything that，whatever在從句中可用作主語、賓語、定語：Whatever he did was 。She would tell him whateve